Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures.
Identifieur interne : 000277 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000276; suivant : 000278Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures.
Auteurs : Rachael Pung ; Calvin J. Chiew ; Barnaby E. Young ; Sarah Chin ; Mark I-C Chen ; Hannah E. Clapham ; Alex R. Cook ; Sebastian Maurer-Stroh ; Matthias P H S. Toh ; Cuiqin Poh ; Mabel Low ; Joshua Lum ; Valerie T J. Koh ; Tze M. Mak ; Lin Cui ; Raymond V T P. Lin ; Derrick Heng ; Yee-Sin Leo ; David C. Lye ; Vernon J M. LeeSource :
- Lancet (London, England) [ 1474-547X ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Three clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) linked to a tour group from China, a company conference, and a church were identified in Singapore in February, 2020.
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30528-6
PubMed: 32192580
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Electronic address: barnaby_young@ncid.sg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chin, Sarah" sort="Chin, Sarah" uniqKey="Chin S" first="Sarah" last="Chin">Sarah Chin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Mark I C" sort="Chen, Mark I C" uniqKey="Chen M" first="Mark I-C" last="Chen">Mark I-C Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clapham, Hannah E" sort="Clapham, Hannah E" uniqKey="Clapham H" first="Hannah E" last="Clapham">Hannah E. 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Koh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mak, Tze M" sort="Mak, Tze M" uniqKey="Mak T" first="Tze M" last="Mak">Tze M. Mak</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cui, Lin" sort="Cui, Lin" uniqKey="Cui L" first="Lin" last="Cui">Lin Cui</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Raymond V T P" sort="Lin, Raymond V T P" uniqKey="Lin R" first="Raymond V T P" last="Lin">Raymond V T P. Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heng, Derrick" sort="Heng, Derrick" uniqKey="Heng D" first="Derrick" last="Heng">Derrick Heng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leo, Yee Sin" sort="Leo, Yee Sin" uniqKey="Leo Y" first="Yee-Sin" last="Leo">Yee-Sin Leo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lye, David C" sort="Lye, David C" uniqKey="Lye D" first="David C" last="Lye">David C. Lye</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Vernon J M" sort="Lee, Vernon J M" uniqKey="Lee V" first="Vernon J M" last="Lee">Vernon J M. Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore. Electronic address: vernon_lee@moh.gov.sg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32192580</idno><idno type="pmid">32192580</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30528-6</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000277</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000277</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures.</title><author><name sortKey="Pung, Rachael" sort="Pung, Rachael" uniqKey="Pung R" first="Rachael" last="Pung">Rachael Pung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chiew, Calvin J" sort="Chiew, Calvin J" uniqKey="Chiew C" first="Calvin J" last="Chiew">Calvin J. Chiew</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Barnaby E" sort="Young, Barnaby E" uniqKey="Young B" first="Barnaby E" last="Young">Barnaby E. Young</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore. Electronic address: barnaby_young@ncid.sg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chin, Sarah" sort="Chin, Sarah" uniqKey="Chin S" first="Sarah" last="Chin">Sarah Chin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Mark I C" sort="Chen, Mark I C" uniqKey="Chen M" first="Mark I-C" last="Chen">Mark I-C Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clapham, Hannah E" sort="Clapham, Hannah E" uniqKey="Clapham H" first="Hannah E" last="Clapham">Hannah E. Clapham</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cook, Alex R" sort="Cook, Alex R" uniqKey="Cook A" first="Alex R" last="Cook">Alex R. Cook</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maurer Stroh, Sebastian" sort="Maurer Stroh, Sebastian" uniqKey="Maurer Stroh S" first="Sebastian" last="Maurer-Stroh">Sebastian Maurer-Stroh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toh, Matthias P H S" sort="Toh, Matthias P H S" uniqKey="Toh M" first="Matthias P H S" last="Toh">Matthias P H S. Toh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poh, Cuiqin" sort="Poh, Cuiqin" uniqKey="Poh C" first="Cuiqin" last="Poh">Cuiqin Poh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Low, Mabel" sort="Low, Mabel" uniqKey="Low M" first="Mabel" last="Low">Mabel Low</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lum, Joshua" sort="Lum, Joshua" uniqKey="Lum J" first="Joshua" last="Lum">Joshua Lum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koh, Valerie T J" sort="Koh, Valerie T J" uniqKey="Koh V" first="Valerie T J" last="Koh">Valerie T J. Koh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mak, Tze M" sort="Mak, Tze M" uniqKey="Mak T" first="Tze M" last="Mak">Tze M. Mak</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cui, Lin" sort="Cui, Lin" uniqKey="Cui L" first="Lin" last="Cui">Lin Cui</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Raymond V T P" sort="Lin, Raymond V T P" uniqKey="Lin R" first="Raymond V T P" last="Lin">Raymond V T P. Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heng, Derrick" sort="Heng, Derrick" uniqKey="Heng D" first="Derrick" last="Heng">Derrick Heng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leo, Yee Sin" sort="Leo, Yee Sin" uniqKey="Leo Y" first="Yee-Sin" last="Leo">Yee-Sin Leo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lye, David C" sort="Lye, David C" uniqKey="Lye D" first="David C" last="Lye">David C. Lye</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Vernon J M" sort="Lee, Vernon J M" uniqKey="Lee V" first="Vernon J M" last="Lee">Vernon J M. Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore. Electronic address: vernon_lee@moh.gov.sg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Lancet (London, England)</title><idno type="eISSN">1474-547X</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Three clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) linked to a tour group from China, a company conference, and a church were identified in Singapore in February, 2020.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32192580</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1474-547X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Mar</Month><Day>16</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Lancet (London, England)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Lancet</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0140-6736(20)30528-6</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30528-6</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Three clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) linked to a tour group from China, a company conference, and a church were identified in Singapore in February, 2020.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We gathered epidemiological and clinical data from individuals with confirmed COVID-19, via interviews and inpatient medical records, and we did field investigations to assess interactions and possible modes of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Open source reports were obtained for overseas cases. We reported the median (IQR) incubation period of SARS-CoV-2.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FINDINGS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">As of Feb 15, 2020, 36 cases of COVID-19 were linked epidemiologically to the first three clusters of circumscribed local transmission in Singapore. 425 close contacts were quarantined. Direct or prolonged close contact was reported among affected individuals, although indirect transmission (eg, via fomites and shared food) could not be excluded. The median incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 was 4 days (IQR 3-6). The serial interval between transmission pairs ranged between 3 days and 8 days.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="INTERPRETATION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">SARS-CoV-2 is transmissible in community settings, and local clusters of COVID-19 are expected in countries with high travel volume from China before the lockdown of Wuhan and institution of travel restrictions. Enhanced surveillance and contact tracing is essential to minimise the risk of widespread transmission in the community.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FUNDING" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">None.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pung</LastName><ForeName>Rachael</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chiew</LastName><ForeName>Calvin J</ForeName><Initials>CJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Young</LastName><ForeName>Barnaby E</ForeName><Initials>BE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore. Electronic address: barnaby_young@ncid.sg.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chin</LastName><ForeName>Sarah</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Mark I-C</ForeName><Initials>MI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Clapham</LastName><ForeName>Hannah E</ForeName><Initials>HE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cook</LastName><ForeName>Alex R</ForeName><Initials>AR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maurer-Stroh</LastName><ForeName>Sebastian</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Toh</LastName><ForeName>Matthias P H S</ForeName><Initials>MPHS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poh</LastName><ForeName>Cuiqin</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Low</LastName><ForeName>Mabel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lum</LastName><ForeName>Joshua</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koh</LastName><ForeName>Valerie T J</ForeName><Initials>VTJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mak</LastName><ForeName>Tze M</ForeName><Initials>TM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cui</LastName><ForeName>Lin</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lin</LastName><ForeName>Raymond V T P</ForeName><Initials>RVTP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heng</LastName><ForeName>Derrick</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leo</LastName><ForeName>Yee-Sin</ForeName><Initials>YS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lye</LastName><ForeName>David C</ForeName><Initials>DC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Vernon J M</ForeName><Initials>VJM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore. 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