Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to Editor
Identifieur interne : 000603 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000602; suivant : 000604Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to Editor
Auteurs : Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari ; Masoumeh SimbarSource :
- Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine [ 2645-4904 ] ; 2020.
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PubMed: 32185371
PubMed Central: 7075675
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to Editor</title><author><name sortKey="Rashidi Fakari, Farzaneh" sort="Rashidi Fakari, Farzaneh" uniqKey="Rashidi Fakari F" first="Farzaneh" last="Rashidi Fakari">Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simbar, Masoumeh" sort="Simbar, Masoumeh" uniqKey="Simbar M" first="Masoumeh" last="Simbar">Masoumeh Simbar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32185371</idno><idno type="pmc">7075675</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7075675</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7075675</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000603</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000603</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to Editor</title><author><name sortKey="Rashidi Fakari, Farzaneh" sort="Rashidi Fakari, Farzaneh" uniqKey="Rashidi Fakari F" first="Farzaneh" last="Rashidi Fakari">Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simbar, Masoumeh" sort="Simbar, Masoumeh" uniqKey="Simbar M" first="Masoumeh" last="Simbar">Masoumeh Simbar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine</title><idno type="eISSN">2645-4904</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, Da" uniqKey="Schwartz D">DA Schwartz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Graham, Al" uniqKey="Graham A">AL Graham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Qiao, Y" uniqKey="Qiao Y">Y Qiao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, J" uniqKey="Wang J">J Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J">J Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, J" uniqKey="Wang J">J Wang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Field, T" uniqKey="Field T">T Field</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diego, M" uniqKey="Diego M">M Diego</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hernandez Reif, M" uniqKey="Hernandez Reif M">M Hernandez-Reif</name></author><author><name sortKey="Figueiredo, B" uniqKey="Figueiredo B">B Figueiredo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deeds, O" uniqKey="Deeds O">O Deeds</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ascencio, A" uniqKey="Ascencio A">A Ascencio</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rubinchik, Sm" uniqKey="Rubinchik S">SM Rubinchik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kablinger, As" uniqKey="Kablinger A">AS Kablinger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gardner, Js" uniqKey="Gardner J">JS Gardner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alder, J" uniqKey="Alder J">J Alder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fink, N" uniqKey="Fink N">N Fink</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bitzer, J" uniqKey="Bitzer J">J Bitzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hosli, I" uniqKey="Hosli I">I Hösli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holzgreve, W" uniqKey="Holzgreve W">W Holzgreve</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Littleton, Hl" uniqKey="Littleton H">HL Littleton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breitkopf, Cr" uniqKey="Breitkopf C">CR Breitkopf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Berenson, Ab" uniqKey="Berenson A">AB Berenson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="letter"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arch Acad Emerg Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Arch Acad Emerg Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AAEM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2645-4904</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Tehran, Iran</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">32185371</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7075675</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">e21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Letter to Editor</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to Editor</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rashidi Fakari</surname><given-names>Farzaneh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Simbar</surname><given-names>Masoumeh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Corresponding Author: Masoumeh Simbar; Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Postal code: 9115386991</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>3</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>e21</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><month>3</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><month>3</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link>) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><kwd-group><title>Key Words</title><kwd>Anxiety</kwd><kwd>Birth</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>infant</kwd><kwd>newborn</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><p><bold>Dear editor:</bold> Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease that is spreading widely throughout the world(<xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>). There is no valid information available on pregnant women and their complications. But given previous epidemics (SARS and MERS), as well as mental and physical changes during pregnancy (<xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>), pregnant women are more likely to be affected by the virus.</p><p>On the other hand, the Coronavirus epidemic has created stress and anxiety for pregnant women in different parts of the world. Concern and stress in pregnancy are associated with side effects such as preeclampsia, depression, increased nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, preterm labor, low birth weight, and low APGAR score (<xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>-<xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>). </p><p>In the Coronavirus pandemic, pregnant women cited the following reasons for their concerns:</p><p>- Many pregnant women have had a birth plan before the pandemic, but are currently worried about how their families (mothers) will be present, given the urban and quarantine constraints; moreover, even if there is no inter-urban restriction, they may be worried about their families being infected during transportation.</p><p>- Many pregnant women do not go to visit their physicians due to concerns that they may be exposed to the Coronavirus in the hospital environment or on the way to the hospital and may be post-term. Or on the contrary, due to stress and worry they want an early termination and elective cesarean section.</p><p>- Many pregnant mothers are employed and constantly use sodium hypochlorite and alcohol detergents to control and prevent the virus, which can lead to poisoning. Some other pregnant mothers might become highly stressed and anxious, and overuse these detergents.</p><p>- Some mothers are worried about their fetal or their neonate being born. Also, some mothers worry about postpartum such as breastfeeding, and neonatal care (postpartum vaccination, screening).</p><p>Increasing mothers' awareness about the transmission of Coronavirus, risk factors, and red flags, as well as providing tele-counseling for pregnancy care and tele-triage could help reduce their anxiety and worry. It is also recommended that in cities where home birth and home services after birth are available, the medical team provide these services at home while maintaining safety.</p></body><back><sec><title>Acknowledgments</title><p>None</p></sec><sec><title>Authors’ contribution</title><p>Both authors made a substantial contribution to writing of the paper draft and met the four criteria for authorship recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>None</p></sec><sec><title>Funding and support</title><p>None</p></sec><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="B1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="book"><collab>Organization WH</collab><source>Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation report-9, 29 January 2020</source><year>2020</year><publisher-loc>Geneva, Switzerland</publisher-loc></element-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Schwartz</surname><given-names>DA</given-names></name><name><surname>Graham</surname><given-names>AL</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections</article-title><source> Viruses</source><year>2020</year><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>194</fpage></element-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Qiao</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Effects of depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy on pregnant, obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a follow-up study</article-title><source> Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology</source><year>2012</year><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>237</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22369395</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Field</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name><name><surname>Diego</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><name><surname>Hernandez-Reif</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><name><surname>Figueiredo</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name><name><surname>Deeds</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name><name><surname>Ascencio</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><article-title>Comorbid depression and anxiety effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcome</article-title><source> Infant Behavior and Development</source><year>2010</year><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19945170</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Rubinchik</surname><given-names>SM</given-names></name><name><surname>Kablinger</surname><given-names>AS</given-names></name><name><surname>Gardner</surname><given-names>JS</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Medications for panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder during pregnancy</article-title><source> Primary care companion to the Journal of clinical psychiatry</source><year>2005</year><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>5</lpage></element-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Alder</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><name><surname>Fink</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name><name><surname>Bitzer</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><name><surname>Hösli</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name><name><surname>Holzgreve</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Depression and anxiety during pregnancy: a risk factor for obstetric, fetal and neonatal outcome? 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