Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions
Identifieur interne : 000565 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000564; suivant : 000566Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions
Auteurs : Peijie Chen ; Lijuan Mao ; George P. Nassis ; Peter Harmer ; Barbara E. Ainsworth ; Fuzhong LiSource :
- Journal of Sport and Health Science [ 2095-2546 ] ; 2020.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
PubMed: 32099716
PubMed Central: 7031771
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions</title><author><name sortKey="Chen, Peijie" sort="Chen, Peijie" uniqKey="Chen P" first="Peijie" last="Chen">Peijie Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mao, Lijuan" sort="Mao, Lijuan" uniqKey="Mao L" first="Lijuan" last="Mao">Lijuan Mao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0002">Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai 200003, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nassis, George P" sort="Nassis, George P" uniqKey="Nassis G" first="George P." last="Nassis">George P. Nassis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0003">Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harmer, Peter" sort="Harmer, Peter" uniqKey="Harmer P" first="Peter" last="Harmer">Peter Harmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0004">Department of Exercise and Health Science, Willamette University, Salem, OR 97301, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ainsworth, Barbara E" sort="Ainsworth, Barbara E" uniqKey="Ainsworth B" first="Barbara E." last="Ainsworth">Barbara E. Ainsworth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Fuzhong" sort="Li, Fuzhong" uniqKey="Li F" first="Fuzhong" last="Li">Fuzhong Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0006">Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR 97403, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32099716</idno><idno type="pmc">7031771</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7031771</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7031771</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000565</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000565</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions</title><author><name sortKey="Chen, Peijie" sort="Chen, Peijie" uniqKey="Chen P" first="Peijie" last="Chen">Peijie Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mao, Lijuan" sort="Mao, Lijuan" uniqKey="Mao L" first="Lijuan" last="Mao">Lijuan Mao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0002">Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai 200003, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nassis, George P" sort="Nassis, George P" uniqKey="Nassis G" first="George P." last="Nassis">George P. Nassis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0003">Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harmer, Peter" sort="Harmer, Peter" uniqKey="Harmer P" first="Peter" last="Harmer">Peter Harmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0004">Department of Exercise and Health Science, Willamette University, Salem, OR 97301, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ainsworth, Barbara E" sort="Ainsworth, Barbara E" uniqKey="Ainsworth B" first="Barbara E." last="Ainsworth">Barbara E. Ainsworth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Fuzhong" sort="Li, Fuzhong" uniqKey="Li F" first="Fuzhong" last="Li">Fuzhong Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0006">Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR 97403, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Sport and Health Science</title><idno type="ISSN">2095-2546</idno><idno type="eISSN">2213-2961</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stoye, E" uniqKey="Stoye E">E. Stoye</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Callaway, E" uniqKey="Callaway E">E. Callaway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cyranoski, D" uniqKey="Cyranoski D">D. Cyranoski</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Owen, N" uniqKey="Owen N">N. Owen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sparling, P B" uniqKey="Sparling P">P.B. Sparling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Healy, G N" uniqKey="Healy G">G.N. Healy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunstan, D W" uniqKey="Dunstan D">D.W. Dunstan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matthews, C E" uniqKey="Matthews C">C.E. Matthews</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guo, Y" uniqKey="Guo Y">Y. Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qiu, P" uniqKey="Qiu P">P. Qiu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, T" uniqKey="Liu T">T. Liu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tate, D F" uniqKey="Tate D">D.F. Tate</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lyons, E J" uniqKey="Lyons E">E.J. Lyons</name></author><author><name sortKey="Valle, C G" uniqKey="Valle C">C.G. Valle</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Luan, X" uniqKey="Luan X">X. Luan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tian, X" uniqKey="Tian X">X. Tian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, H" uniqKey="Zhang H">H. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, R" uniqKey="Huang R">R. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, N" uniqKey="Li N">N. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, P" uniqKey="Chen P">P. Chen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhu, W" uniqKey="Zhu W">W. Zhu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="discussion"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Sport Health Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Sport Health Sci</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Sport and Health Science</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2095-2546</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2213-2961</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Shanghai University of Sport</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">32099716</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7031771</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S2095-2546(20)30014-4</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0001"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Peijie</given-names></name><email>chenpeijie@sus.edu.cn</email><xref rid="aff0001" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="cor0001" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0002"><name><surname>Mao</surname><given-names>Lijuan</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0001" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="aff0002" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0003"><name><surname>Nassis</surname><given-names>George P.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0001" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="aff0003" ref-type="aff">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0004"><name><surname>Harmer</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0004" ref-type="aff">d</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0005"><name><surname>Ainsworth</surname><given-names>Barbara E.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0001" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">e</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0006"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Fuzhong</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0006" ref-type="aff">f</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff0001"><label>a</label>Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China</aff><aff id="aff0002"><label>b</label>Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai 200003, China</aff><aff id="aff0003"><label>c</label>Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark</aff><aff id="aff0004"><label>d</label>Department of Exercise and Health Science, Willamette University, Salem, OR 97301, USA</aff><aff id="aff0005"><label>e</label>School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA</aff><aff id="aff0006"><label>f</label>Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR 97403, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor0001"><label>⁎</label>Corresponding author. <email>chenpeijie@sus.edu.cn</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>04</day><month>2</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>2</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>103</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>2</day><month>2</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>3</day><month>2</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder></copyright-holder><license license-type="CC BY-NC-ND" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).</license-p></license></permissions></article-meta></front><body><p id="para0001">The on-going Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China has become the world's leading health headline and is causing major panic and public concerns. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the new coronavirus outbreak is a public health emergency of international concern.<xref rid="bib0001" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> The virus has already had a direct impact on more than 10 million people in the city of Wuhan and has reached other parts of China as well, posing a health threat of unknown magnitude globally. As of February 8, 2020, WHO reported 34,886 confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally, with 34,589 of them occurring in China (including 6101 severe cases and 723 deaths). A total of 288 other confirmed cases (with 1 death) have been reported in 24 countries, including Japan, Australia, Germany, and United States.<xref rid="bib0002" ref-type="bibr"><sup>2</sup></xref> However, these daily estimates are expected to rise even higher as reports from health authorities in China<xref rid="bib0003" ref-type="bibr"><sup>3</sup></xref> are gathered and near real-time updates of the Johns Hopkins virus dashboard are made.<xref rid="bib0004" ref-type="bibr"><sup>4</sup></xref> The outbreak has caused governments in various countries to take swift and protective measures. In China, these included putting cities on lockdown,<xref rid="bib0005" ref-type="bibr"><sup>5</sup></xref> implementing travel warnings/bans and cancellations,<xref rid="bib0006" ref-type="bibr"><sup>6</sup></xref> extending national holidays, and closing schools and postponing classes.<xref rid="bib0007" ref-type="bibr"><sup>7</sup></xref></p><p id="para0002">Currently, there is no vaccine for the prevention or treatment of the illness caused by the virus; its origins and the ultimate extent of this epidemic remain unknown. There have been more than 50 research papers published within the last 20 days<xref rid="bib0008" ref-type="bibr"><sup>8</sup></xref> that have allowed for the rapid sharing of scientific information about the virus, but serious questions regarding the causes or mechanisms of transmission, incubation period, risk assessments, and options for effective treatment or intervention of the virus remain largely unanswered.<xref rid="bib0009" ref-type="bibr"><sup>9</sup></xref> There have been reports of significant shortages of medical staff, a lack of clinics that can handle and treat infected patients, and high demands for face masks for protection. The Chinese central government is working with extraordinary diligence to mobilize resources, including building new hospitals and developing new coronavirus vaccine, as well as sending medical experts and clinicians to the city of Wuhan<xref rid="bib0010" ref-type="bibr"><sup>10</sup></xref> to help contain the highly transmittable virus outbreak from spreading further.</p><p id="para0003">With the continuing coronavirus spur, the public has been advised by various health authorities to reduce traveling and stay at home as a basic means of limiting people's exposure to the virus. Health authorities, including the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,<xref rid="bib0011" ref-type="bibr"><sup>11</sup></xref> WHO,<xref rid="bib0012" ref-type="bibr"><sup>12</sup></xref> and U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,<xref rid="bib0013" ref-type="bibr"><sup>13</sup></xref> have issued safety recommendations for taking simple precautions to reduce exposure to and transmission of the virus. Unfortunately, the mandated restrictions on travel and directives against participating in outdoor activities, including regular physical activity and exercise, will inevitably disrupt the routine daily activities of tens of millions of people.</p><p id="para0004">While containing the virus as quickly as possible is the urgent public health priority, there have been few public health guidelines for the public as to what people can or should do in terms of maintaining their daily exercise or physical activity routines. Arguably, staying home, while a safe measure, may have unintended negative consequences since such efforts to avoid human-to-human transmission of the virus may lead to reduced physical activity. It is likely that prolonged home stay may lead to increased sedentary behaviors, such as spending excessive amounts of time sitting, reclining, or lying down for screening activities (playing games, watching television, using mobile devices); reducing regular physical activity (hence lower energy expenditure); or engaging in avoidance activities that, consequently, lead to an increased risk for and potential worsening of chronic health conditions.<xref rid="bib0014" ref-type="bibr"><sup>14</sup></xref> Therefore, there is a strong health rationale for continuing physical activity in the home to stay healthy and maintain immune system function in the current precarious environment.</p><p id="para0005">Exercise at home using various safe, simple, and easily implementable exercises is well suited to avoid the airborne coronavirus and maintain fitness levels. Such forms of exercise may include, but are not limited to, strengthening exercises, activities for balance and control, stretching exercises, or a combination of these. Examples of home exercises include walking in the house and to the store as necessary, lifting and carrying groceries, alternating leg lunges, stair climbing, stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand using a chair and from the floor, chair squats, and sit-ups and pushups. In addition, traditional Tai Ji Quan, Qigong exercises,<xref rid="bib0015" ref-type="bibr"><sup>15</sup></xref> and yoga<xref rid="bib0016" ref-type="bibr"><sup>16</sup></xref> should be considered since they require no equipment, little space, and can be practiced at any time. The use of eHealth and exercise videos, which focuses on encouraging and delivering physical activity through the Internet, mobile technologies, and television<xref rid="bib0017" ref-type="bibr"><sup>17</sup></xref> are other viable avenues for maintaining physical function and mental health during this critical period.</p><p id="para0006">Official measures that restrict people's movements in the presence of the coronavirus crisis do not necessarily mean that physical activity must be limited or that all forms of exercise must be eliminated entirely. Exercise has been shown to have clear health benefits for healthy individuals<xref rid="bib0018" ref-type="bibr"><sup>18</sup></xref> and for patients with various diseases.<xref rid="bib0019" ref-type="bibr"><sup>19</sup></xref> In this respect, we strongly echo Dr. Steven Blair's quote from Dr. Ken Powell: “Some activity is better than none, and more is better than less” (p. 525).<xref rid="bib0020" ref-type="bibr"><sup>20</sup></xref> The aim should be to undertake at least 30 min of moderate physical activity every day and/or at least 20 min of vigorous physical activity every other day.<xref rid="bib0018" ref-type="bibr"><sup>18</sup></xref> Ideally, a combination of both intensities of physical activities is preferable in addition to practicing strengthening-type activities on a regular basis.<xref rid="bib0018" ref-type="bibr"><sup>18</sup></xref> Children, the elderly, and those who have previously experienced symptoms of illness or are susceptible to chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary disease should seek advice from health care providers about when it is safe to exercise.</p><p id="para0007">Given the concerns about the increasing spread of COVID-19, it is imperative that infection control and safety precautions be followed. Home stay is a fundamental safety step that can limit infections from spreading widely. But prolonged home stays can increase behaviors that lead to inactivity and contribute to anxiety and depression, which in turn can lead to a sedentary lifestyle known to result in a range of chronic health conditions. Maintaining regular physical activity and routinely exercising in a safe home environment is an important strategy for healthy living during the coronavirus crisis.</p></body><back><ref-list id="cebibl1"><title>References</title><ref id="bib0001"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" id="othref0001">World Health Organization. Statement on the second meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). 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