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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Two murine coronavirus genes suffice for viral RNA synthesis.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, K H" sort="Kim, K H" uniqKey="Kim K" first="K H" last="Kim">K H Kim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Makino, S" sort="Makino, S" uniqKey="Makino S" first="S" last="Makino">S. Makino</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">7884877</idno>
<idno type="pmc">188902</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC188902</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:188902</idno>
<date when="1995">1995</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000477</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000477</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Two murine coronavirus genes suffice for viral RNA synthesis.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, K H" sort="Kim, K H" uniqKey="Kim K" first="K H" last="Kim">K H Kim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Makino, S" sort="Makino, S" uniqKey="Makino S" first="S" last="Makino">S. Makino</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Virology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1098-5514</idno>
<imprint><date when="1995">1995</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We identified two mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) genes that suffice for MHV RNA synthesis by using an MHV-JHM-derived defective interfering (DI) RNA, DIssA. DIssA is a naturally occurring self-replicating DI RNA with nearly intact genes 1 and 7. DIssA interferes with most MHV-JHM-specific RNA synthesis, except for synthesis of mRNA 7, which encodes N protein; mRNA 7 synthesis is not inhibited by DIssA. Coinfection of MHV-JHM containing DIssA DI particles and an MHV-A59 RNA- temperature-sensitive mutant followed by subsequent passage of virus at the permissive temperature resulted in elimination of most of the MHV-JHM helper virus. Analysis of intracellular RNAs at the nonpermissive temperature demonstrated efficient synthesis of DIssA and mRNA 7 but not of the helper virus mRNAs. Oligonucleotide fingerprinting analysis demonstrated that the structure of mRNA 7 was MHV-JHM specific and therefore must have been synthesized from the DIssA template RNA. Sequence analysis revealed that DIssA lacks a slightly heterogeneous sequence, which is found in wild-type MHV from the 3' one-third of gene 2-1 to the 3' end of gene 6. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of intracellular RNA species and virus-specific protein analysis confirmed the sequence data. Replication and transcription of another MHV DI RNA were supported in DIssA-replicating cells. Because the products of genes 2 and 2-1 are not essential for MHV replication, we concluded that expression of gene 1 proteins and N protein was sufficient for MHV RNA replication and transcription.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Virol</journal-id>
<journal-title>Journal of Virology</journal-title>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0022-538X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1098-5514</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">7884877</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">188902</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Two murine coronavirus genes suffice for viral RNA synthesis.</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kim</surname>
<given-names>K H</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Makino</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff>Department of Microbiology, University of Texas at Austin 78712-1095.</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month>
<year>1995</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>2313</fpage>
<lpage>2321</lpage>
<abstract><p>We identified two mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) genes that suffice for MHV RNA synthesis by using an MHV-JHM-derived defective interfering (DI) RNA, DIssA. DIssA is a naturally occurring self-replicating DI RNA with nearly intact genes 1 and 7. DIssA interferes with most MHV-JHM-specific RNA synthesis, except for synthesis of mRNA 7, which encodes N protein; mRNA 7 synthesis is not inhibited by DIssA. Coinfection of MHV-JHM containing DIssA DI particles and an MHV-A59 RNA- temperature-sensitive mutant followed by subsequent passage of virus at the permissive temperature resulted in elimination of most of the MHV-JHM helper virus. Analysis of intracellular RNAs at the nonpermissive temperature demonstrated efficient synthesis of DIssA and mRNA 7 but not of the helper virus mRNAs. Oligonucleotide fingerprinting analysis demonstrated that the structure of mRNA 7 was MHV-JHM specific and therefore must have been synthesized from the DIssA template RNA. Sequence analysis revealed that DIssA lacks a slightly heterogeneous sequence, which is found in wild-type MHV from the 3' one-third of gene 2-1 to the 3' end of gene 6. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of intracellular RNA species and virus-specific protein analysis confirmed the sequence data. Replication and transcription of another MHV DI RNA were supported in DIssA-replicating cells. Because the products of genes 2 and 2-1 are not essential for MHV replication, we concluded that expression of gene 1 proteins and N protein was sufficient for MHV RNA replication and transcription.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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