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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Rat Strains Differ in Susceptibility to <italic>Ureaplasma parvum</italic>
-Induced Urinary Tract Infection and Struvite Stone Formation<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">▿</xref>
</title>
<author><name sortKey="Reyes, Leticia" sort="Reyes, Leticia" uniqKey="Reyes L" first="Leticia" last="Reyes">Leticia Reyes</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reinhard, Mary" sort="Reinhard, Mary" uniqKey="Reinhard M" first="Mary" last="Reinhard">Mary Reinhard</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Donell, L J" sort="O Donell, L J" uniqKey="O Donell L" first="L. J." last="O'Donell">L. J. O'Donell</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stevens, Janet" sort="Stevens, Janet" uniqKey="Stevens J" first="Janet" last="Stevens">Janet Stevens</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Mary B" sort="Brown, Mary B" uniqKey="Brown M" first="Mary B." last="Brown">Mary B. Brown</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">16982825</idno>
<idno type="pmc">1698052</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1698052</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:1698052</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1128/IAI.00984-06</idno>
<date when="2006">2006</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000453</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000453</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Rat Strains Differ in Susceptibility to <italic>Ureaplasma parvum</italic>
-Induced Urinary Tract Infection and Struvite Stone Formation<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">▿</xref>
</title>
<author><name sortKey="Reyes, Leticia" sort="Reyes, Leticia" uniqKey="Reyes L" first="Leticia" last="Reyes">Leticia Reyes</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reinhard, Mary" sort="Reinhard, Mary" uniqKey="Reinhard M" first="Mary" last="Reinhard">Mary Reinhard</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Donell, L J" sort="O Donell, L J" uniqKey="O Donell L" first="L. J." last="O'Donell">L. J. O'Donell</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stevens, Janet" sort="Stevens, Janet" uniqKey="Stevens J" first="Janet" last="Stevens">Janet Stevens</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Mary B" sort="Brown, Mary B" uniqKey="Brown M" first="Mary B." last="Brown">Mary B. Brown</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Infection and Immunity</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0019-9567</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1098-5522</idno>
<imprint><date when="2006">2006</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Individuals with struvite uroliths are susceptible to recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), sepsis, and renal disease. Unfortunately, little is known about the host-specific factors that predispose to this disease. In order to develop a rodent model that can address this problem, we inoculated female Fischer 344 (F344), Lewis (LEW), Sprague-Dawley (SD), and Wistar (WIS) rats with a host-adapted strain of <italic>Ureaplasma parvum</italic>
. Animals were necropsied at 2 weeks postinoculation; 100% of F344, 42% of SD, 10% of LEW, and 10% of WIS rats remained infected. Severe bladder lesions and struvite calculi were seen in 64% of F344 rats; in other rat strains, bladder lesions were mild or absent. F344 rats with struvite uroliths had the highest urinary levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as GRO/KC, interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and IL-1β. F344 rats without struvite stones at necropsy had milder bladder lesions and significantly lower urinary levels of proinflammatory cytokines but a more prominent inflammatory response than did other rat strains. Based on our results, struvite stone formation is linked to a robust inflammatory response that does not resolve UTI but instead promotes damage to surrounding tissues.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Infect Immun</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">iai</journal-id>
<journal-title>Infection and Immunity</journal-title>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0019-9567</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1098-5522</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">16982825</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1698052</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">0984-06</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/IAI.00984-06</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Bacterial Infections</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Rat Strains Differ in Susceptibility to <italic>Ureaplasma parvum</italic>
-Induced Urinary Tract Infection and Struvite Stone Formation<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">▿</xref>
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reyes</surname>
<given-names>Leticia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0"></xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reinhard</surname>
<given-names>Mary</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>O'Donell</surname>
<given-names>L. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stevens</surname>
<given-names>Janet</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brown</surname>
<given-names>Mary B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff0">University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0880</aff>
<author-notes><fn id="cor1"><label>*</label>
<p>Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. of Infectious Disease and Pathology, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32610-0880. Phone: (352) 392-4700, ext. 3990. Fax: (352) 846-2781. E-mail: <email>lreyes@ufl.edu</email>
.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>74</volume>
<issue>12</issue>
<fpage>6656</fpage>
<lpage>6664</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>20</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2006</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>20</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2006</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>11</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2006</year>
</date>
</history>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2006</copyright-year>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="zii01206006656.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>Individuals with struvite uroliths are susceptible to recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), sepsis, and renal disease. Unfortunately, little is known about the host-specific factors that predispose to this disease. In order to develop a rodent model that can address this problem, we inoculated female Fischer 344 (F344), Lewis (LEW), Sprague-Dawley (SD), and Wistar (WIS) rats with a host-adapted strain of <italic>Ureaplasma parvum</italic>
. Animals were necropsied at 2 weeks postinoculation; 100% of F344, 42% of SD, 10% of LEW, and 10% of WIS rats remained infected. Severe bladder lesions and struvite calculi were seen in 64% of F344 rats; in other rat strains, bladder lesions were mild or absent. F344 rats with struvite uroliths had the highest urinary levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as GRO/KC, interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and IL-1β. F344 rats without struvite stones at necropsy had milder bladder lesions and significantly lower urinary levels of proinflammatory cytokines but a more prominent inflammatory response than did other rat strains. Based on our results, struvite stone formation is linked to a robust inflammatory response that does not resolve UTI but instead promotes damage to surrounding tissues.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
<notes><fn-group><fn><p><italic>Editor:</italic>
R. P. Morrison</p>
</fn>
</fn-group>
</notes>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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