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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Aerobic Bacteriological Study of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Sharan, Hariom" sort="Sharan, Hariom" uniqKey="Sharan H" first="Hariom" last="Sharan">Hariom Sharan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology,<institution>Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Indore, India</addr-line>
.</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">26435942</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4576533</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4576533</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4576533</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.7860/JCDR/2015/14515.6367</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000017</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000017</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Aerobic Bacteriological Study of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Sharan, Hariom" sort="Sharan, Hariom" uniqKey="Sharan H" first="Hariom" last="Sharan">Hariom Sharan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology,<institution>Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Indore, India</addr-line>
.</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR</title>
<idno type="ISSN">2249-782X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">0973-709X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by frequent exacerbations. Majority of exacerbations are infectious and bacteria responsible for 30-50% of these cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the bacteriology of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospitalized patients in our institution and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern to formulate cost effective antibiotic strategy and reducing the emergence of drug resistance.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Materials and Methods</title>
<p>One hundred and seven clinically diagnosed cases of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted in medicine, tuberculosis and chest wards were selected for the study. Direct gram stain was done for all sputum samples. The suitable sputum samples were cultured. Identification of organism and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by standard microbiological techniques.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Our study showed growth of pathogenic organisms in 41.12% cases. Males (67.29%) are more affected than females (32.71%). Gram negative bacilli were more isolated than gram positive cocci. The commonest isolate was <italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</italic>
15 (38.46%), followed by <italic>Staphylococcus</italic>
aureus 9 (23.08%), <italic>Streptococcus</italic>
species 6 (15.39%), <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic>
4 (10.26%), <italic>E.coli</italic>
2 (5.13%), <italic>Acinetobacter</italic>
species 2 (5.13%) and <italic>Enterobacter</italic>
species 1(2.56%). The antibiotic susceptibility reveals that vancomycin, linezolid, azithromycin and clarithromycin were most effective drugs for gram positive cocci, meropenem & piperacillin-tazobactam for gram negative bacilli and amikacin & levofloxacin for both gram positive cocci & gram negative bacilli.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>In developing country like India acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is common in adults more than 50 years of age due to smoking habits and high indoor pollution. This leads to a major impact on the quality of life of patients with the condition. They are a major cause of hospital admission and health care utilization.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Clin Diagn Res</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Clin Diagn Res</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JCDR</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2249-782X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">0973-709X</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>JCDR Research and Publications (P) Limited</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Delhi, India</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26435942</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4576533</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7860/JCDR/2015/14515.6367</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Microbiology Section</subject>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Aerobic Bacteriological Study of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Sharan</surname>
<given-names>Hariom</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>
Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology,<institution>Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Indore, India</addr-line>
.</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">NAME, ADDRESS, E-MAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Hariom Sharan, B-303 Akanksha Apartment, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh-453555, India. E-mail : <email>homsharan@gmail.com</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<issue>8</issue>
<fpage>DC10</fpage>
<lpage>DC12</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-request"><day>02</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>02</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by frequent exacerbations. Majority of exacerbations are infectious and bacteria responsible for 30-50% of these cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the bacteriology of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospitalized patients in our institution and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern to formulate cost effective antibiotic strategy and reducing the emergence of drug resistance.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Materials and Methods</title>
<p>One hundred and seven clinically diagnosed cases of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted in medicine, tuberculosis and chest wards were selected for the study. Direct gram stain was done for all sputum samples. The suitable sputum samples were cultured. Identification of organism and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by standard microbiological techniques.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Our study showed growth of pathogenic organisms in 41.12% cases. Males (67.29%) are more affected than females (32.71%). Gram negative bacilli were more isolated than gram positive cocci. The commonest isolate was <italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</italic>
15 (38.46%), followed by <italic>Staphylococcus</italic>
aureus 9 (23.08%), <italic>Streptococcus</italic>
species 6 (15.39%), <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic>
4 (10.26%), <italic>E.coli</italic>
2 (5.13%), <italic>Acinetobacter</italic>
species 2 (5.13%) and <italic>Enterobacter</italic>
species 1(2.56%). The antibiotic susceptibility reveals that vancomycin, linezolid, azithromycin and clarithromycin were most effective drugs for gram positive cocci, meropenem & piperacillin-tazobactam for gram negative bacilli and amikacin & levofloxacin for both gram positive cocci & gram negative bacilli.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>In developing country like India acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is common in adults more than 50 years of age due to smoking habits and high indoor pollution. This leads to a major impact on the quality of life of patients with the condition. They are a major cause of hospital admission and health care utilization.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Bacterial aetiology</kwd>
<kwd>COPD</kwd>
<kwd>Antibiotic sensitivity pattern</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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