Liberty to Decide on Dual Use Biomedical Research: An Acknowledged Necessity
Identifieur interne : 000923 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000922; suivant : 000924Liberty to Decide on Dual Use Biomedical Research: An Acknowledged Necessity
Auteurs : Emma KeuleyanSource :
- Science and Engineering Ethics [ 1353-3452 ] ; 2008.
Abstract
Humanity entered the twenty-first century with revolutionary achievements in biomedical research. At the same time multiple “dual-use” results have been published. The battle against infectious diseases is meeting new challenges, with newly emerging and re-emerging infections. Both natural disaster epidemics, such as SARS, avian influenza, haemorrhagic fevers, XDR and MDR tuberculosis and many others, and the possibility of intentional mis-use, such as letters containing anthrax spores in USA, 2001, have raised awareness of the real threats. Many great men, including Goethe, Spinoza, J.B. Shaw, Fr. Engels, J.F. Kennedy and others, have recognized that liberty is also a responsibility. That is why the liberty to decide now represents an acknowledged necessity: biomedical research should be supported, conducted and published with appropriate measures to prevent potential “dual use”. Biomedical scientists should work according to the ethical principles of their Code of Conduct, an analogue of Hippocrates Oath of doctors; and they should inform government, society and their juniors about the problem. National science consulting boards of experts should be created to prepare guidelines and control the problem at state level. An international board should develop minimum standards to be applicable by each country. Bio-preparedness is considered another key-measure.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s11948-008-9064-7
PubMed: 18427955
PubMed Central: 7089121
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Liberty to Decide on Dual Use Biomedical Research: An Acknowledged Necessity</title><author><name sortKey="Keuleyan, Emma" sort="Keuleyan, Emma" uniqKey="Keuleyan E" first="Emma" last="Keuleyan">Emma Keuleyan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">18427955</idno><idno type="pmc">7089121</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7089121</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7089121</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s11948-008-9064-7</idno><date when="2008">2008</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000324</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000324</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000324</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000324</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000923</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000923</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Liberty to Decide on Dual Use Biomedical Research: An Acknowledged Necessity</title><author><name sortKey="Keuleyan, Emma" sort="Keuleyan, Emma" uniqKey="Keuleyan E" first="Emma" last="Keuleyan">Emma Keuleyan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Science and Engineering Ethics</title><idno type="ISSN">1353-3452</idno><idno type="eISSN">1471-5546</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Humanity entered the twenty-first century with revolutionary achievements in biomedical research. At the same time multiple “dual-use” results have been published. The battle against infectious diseases is meeting new challenges, with newly emerging and re-emerging infections. Both natural disaster epidemics, such as SARS, avian influenza, haemorrhagic fevers, XDR and MDR tuberculosis and many others, and the possibility of intentional mis-use, such as letters containing anthrax spores in USA, 2001, have raised awareness of the real threats. Many great men, including Goethe, Spinoza, J.B. Shaw, Fr. Engels, J.F. Kennedy and others, have recognized that liberty is also a responsibility. That is why the liberty to decide now represents an acknowledged necessity: biomedical research should be supported, conducted and published with appropriate measures to prevent potential “dual use”. Biomedical scientists should work according to the ethical principles of their Code of Conduct, an analogue of Hippocrates Oath of doctors; and they should inform government, society and their juniors about the problem. National science consulting boards of experts should be created to prepare guidelines and control the problem at state level. An international board should develop minimum standards to be applicable by each country. Bio-preparedness is considered another key-measure.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Beck, V" uniqKey="Beck V">V. Beck</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keuleyan, E" uniqKey="Keuleyan E">E. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sci Eng Ethics</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Sci Eng Ethics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Science and Engineering Ethics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1353-3452</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1471-5546</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Springer Netherlands</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Dordrecht</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18427955</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7089121</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">9064</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s11948-008-9064-7</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Paper</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Liberty to Decide on Dual Use Biomedical Research: An Acknowledged Necessity</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Keuleyan</surname><given-names>Emma</given-names></name><address><email>emma_keuleyan@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.494375.8</institution-id><institution>Department of Clinical Microbiology,</institution><institution>Medical Institute, Ministry of the Interior,</institution></institution-wrap>79, Skobelev Blvd., Sofia, 1606 Bulgaria</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>4</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>3</day><month>12</month><year>2007</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>3</month><year>2008</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>Humanity entered the twenty-first century with revolutionary achievements in biomedical research. At the same time multiple “dual-use” results have been published. The battle against infectious diseases is meeting new challenges, with newly emerging and re-emerging infections. Both natural disaster epidemics, such as SARS, avian influenza, haemorrhagic fevers, XDR and MDR tuberculosis and many others, and the possibility of intentional mis-use, such as letters containing anthrax spores in USA, 2001, have raised awareness of the real threats. Many great men, including Goethe, Spinoza, J.B. Shaw, Fr. Engels, J.F. Kennedy and others, have recognized that liberty is also a responsibility. That is why the liberty to decide now represents an acknowledged necessity: biomedical research should be supported, conducted and published with appropriate measures to prevent potential “dual use”. Biomedical scientists should work according to the ethical principles of their Code of Conduct, an analogue of Hippocrates Oath of doctors; and they should inform government, society and their juniors about the problem. National science consulting boards of experts should be created to prepare guidelines and control the problem at state level. An international board should develop minimum standards to be applicable by each country. Bio-preparedness is considered another key-measure.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Dual-use biomedical research</kwd><kwd>Liberty</kwd><kwd>Epidemics</kwd><kwd>Emerging infections</kwd><kwd>Bioterrorism</kwd><kwd>Biopreparedness</kwd><kwd>Code of conduct</kwd><kwd>Minimum Standards</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Keuleyan, Emma" sort="Keuleyan, Emma" uniqKey="Keuleyan E" first="Emma" last="Keuleyan">Emma Keuleyan</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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