Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity
Identifieur interne : 000244 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000243; suivant : 000245Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity
Auteurs : Ilan Ben-Zvi [Israël] ; Shaye Kivity [Israël] ; Pnina Langevitz [Israël] ; Yehuda Shoenfeld [Israël]Source :
- Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology [ 1080-0549 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Quinine was first recognized as a potent antimalarial agent hundreds of years ago. Since then, the beneficial effects of quinine and its more advanced synthetic forms, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have been increasingly recognized in a myriad of other diseases in addition to malaria. In recent years, antimalarials were shown to have various immunomodulatory effects, and currently have an established role in the management of rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and in the treatment of chronic Q fever. Lately, additional metabolic, cardiovascular, antithrombotic, and antineoplastic effects of antimalarials were shown. In this review, we discuss the known various immunomodulatory mechanisms of antimalarials and the current evidence for their beneficial effects in various diseases and in potential novel applications.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s12016-010-8243-x
PubMed: 21221847
PubMed Central: 7091063
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000376
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000376
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000803
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7091063Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity</title><author><name sortKey="Ben Zvi, Ilan" sort="Ben Zvi, Ilan" uniqKey="Ben Zvi I" first="Ilan" last="Ben-Zvi">Ilan Ben-Zvi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine F,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kivity, Shaye" sort="Kivity, Shaye" uniqKey="Kivity S" first="Shaye" last="Kivity">Shaye Kivity</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine A and C,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langevitz, Pnina" sort="Langevitz, Pnina" uniqKey="Langevitz P" first="Pnina" last="Langevitz">Pnina Langevitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shoenfeld, Yehuda" sort="Shoenfeld, Yehuda" uniqKey="Shoenfeld Y" first="Yehuda" last="Shoenfeld">Yehuda Shoenfeld</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine B,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21221847</idno><idno type="pmc">7091063</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7091063</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7091063</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s12016-010-8243-x</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000376</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000376</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000376</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000376</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000803</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000803</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000244</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity</title><author><name sortKey="Ben Zvi, Ilan" sort="Ben Zvi, Ilan" uniqKey="Ben Zvi I" first="Ilan" last="Ben-Zvi">Ilan Ben-Zvi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine F,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kivity, Shaye" sort="Kivity, Shaye" uniqKey="Kivity S" first="Shaye" last="Kivity">Shaye Kivity</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine A and C,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langevitz, Pnina" sort="Langevitz, Pnina" uniqKey="Langevitz P" first="Pnina" last="Langevitz">Pnina Langevitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shoenfeld, Yehuda" sort="Shoenfeld, Yehuda" uniqKey="Shoenfeld Y" first="Yehuda" last="Shoenfeld">Yehuda Shoenfeld</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine B,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Tel-Hashomer</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology</title><idno type="ISSN">1080-0549</idno><idno type="eISSN">1559-0267</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Quinine was first recognized as a potent antimalarial agent hundreds of years ago. Since then, the beneficial effects of quinine and its more advanced synthetic forms, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have been increasingly recognized in a myriad of other diseases in addition to malaria. In recent years, antimalarials were shown to have various immunomodulatory effects, and currently have an established role in the management of rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and in the treatment of chronic Q fever. Lately, additional metabolic, cardiovascular, antithrombotic, and antineoplastic effects of antimalarials were shown. In this review, we discuss the known various immunomodulatory mechanisms of antimalarials and the current evidence for their beneficial effects in various diseases and in potential novel applications.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Cd" uniqKey="Smith C">CD Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cyr, M" uniqKey="Cyr M">M Cyr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mates, M" uniqKey="Mates M">M Mates</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nesher, G" uniqKey="Nesher G">G Nesher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zevin, S" uniqKey="Zevin S">S Zevin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wallace, Dj" uniqKey="Wallace D">DJ Wallace</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Page, F" uniqKey="Page F">F Page</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clark, P" uniqKey="Clark P">P Clark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Casas, E" uniqKey="Casas E">E Casas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tugwell, P" uniqKey="Tugwell P">P Tugwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Medina, C" uniqKey="Medina C">C Medina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gheno, C" uniqKey="Gheno C">C Gheno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tenorio, G" uniqKey="Tenorio G">G Tenorio</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Molad, Y" uniqKey="Molad Y">Y Molad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gorshtein, A" uniqKey="Gorshtein A">A Gorshtein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wysenbeek, Aj" uniqKey="Wysenbeek A">AJ Wysenbeek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guedj, D" uniqKey="Guedj D">D Guedj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Majadla, R" uniqKey="Majadla R">R Majadla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weinberger, A" uniqKey="Weinberger A">A Weinberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsakonas, E" uniqKey="Tsakonas E">E Tsakonas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, L" uniqKey="Joseph L">L Joseph</name></author><author><name sortKey="Esdaile, Jm" uniqKey="Esdaile J">JM Esdaile</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choquette, D" uniqKey="Choquette D">D Choquette</name></author><author><name sortKey="Senecal, Jl" uniqKey="Senecal J">JL Senecal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cividino, A" uniqKey="Cividino A">A Cividino</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kalia, S" uniqKey="Kalia S">S Kalia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dutz, Jp" uniqKey="Dutz J">JP Dutz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ohkuma, S" uniqKey="Ohkuma S">S Ohkuma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poole, B" uniqKey="Poole B">B Poole</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ziegler, Hk" uniqKey="Ziegler H">HK Ziegler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Unanue, Er" uniqKey="Unanue E">ER Unanue</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sperber, K" uniqKey="Sperber K">K Sperber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quraishi, H" uniqKey="Quraishi H">H Quraishi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kalb, Th" uniqKey="Kalb T">TH Kalb</name></author><author><name sortKey="Panja, A" uniqKey="Panja A">A Panja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stecher, V" uniqKey="Stecher V">V Stecher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mayer, L" uniqKey="Mayer L">L Mayer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Loffler, Bm" uniqKey="Loffler B">BM Loffler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bohn, E" uniqKey="Bohn E">E Bohn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hesse, B" uniqKey="Hesse B">B Hesse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kunze, H" uniqKey="Kunze H">H Kunze</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Manku, Ms" uniqKey="Manku M">MS Manku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Horrobin, Df" uniqKey="Horrobin D">DF Horrobin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lester, Rs" uniqKey="Lester R">RS Lester</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burnham, Tk" uniqKey="Burnham T">TK Burnham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, G" uniqKey="Fine G">G Fine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, K" uniqKey="Murray K">K Murray</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Sn" uniqKey="Cohen S">SN Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yielding, Kl" uniqKey="Yielding K">KL Yielding</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Goldman, Fd" uniqKey="Goldman F">FD Goldman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gilman, Al" uniqKey="Gilman A">AL Gilman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hollenback, C" uniqKey="Hollenback C">C Hollenback</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kato, Rm" uniqKey="Kato R">RM Kato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Premack, Ba" uniqKey="Premack B">BA Premack</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rawlings, Dj" uniqKey="Rawlings D">DJ Rawlings</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lesiak, A" uniqKey="Lesiak A">A Lesiak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Narbutt, J" uniqKey="Narbutt J">J Narbutt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sysa Jedrzejowska, A" uniqKey="Sysa Jedrzejowska A">A Sysa-Jedrzejowska</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lukamowicz, J" uniqKey="Lukamowicz J">J Lukamowicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauliffe, Dp" uniqKey="Mccauliffe D">DP McCauliffe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wozniacka, A" uniqKey="Wozniacka A">A Wozniacka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kyburz, D" uniqKey="Kyburz D">D Kyburz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brentano, F" uniqKey="Brentano F">F Brentano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gay, S" uniqKey="Gay S">S Gay</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Youssef, W" uniqKey="Youssef W">W Youssef</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, A" uniqKey="Yan A">A Yan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, As" uniqKey="Russell A">AS Russell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lakhanpal, S" uniqKey="Lakhanpal S">S Lakhanpal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ginsburg, Ww" uniqKey="Ginsburg W">WW Ginsburg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Michet, Cj" uniqKey="Michet C">CJ Michet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doyle, Ja" uniqKey="Doyle J">JA Doyle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Sb" uniqKey="Moore S">SB Moore</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, Ty" uniqKey="Woo T">TY Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Callen, Jp" uniqKey="Callen J">JP Callen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Voorhees, Jj" uniqKey="Voorhees J">JJ Voorhees</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bickers, Dr" uniqKey="Bickers D">DR Bickers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hanno, R" uniqKey="Hanno R">R Hanno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, C" uniqKey="Hawkins C">C Hawkins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fox, Ri" uniqKey="Fox R">RI Fox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dixon, R" uniqKey="Dixon R">R Dixon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guarrasi, V" uniqKey="Guarrasi V">V Guarrasi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krubel, S" uniqKey="Krubel S">S Krubel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ashton, Re" uniqKey="Ashton R">RE Ashton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hawk, Jl" uniqKey="Hawk J">JL Hawk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Magnus, Ia" uniqKey="Magnus I">IA Magnus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Valls, V" uniqKey="Valls V">V Valls</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ena, J" uniqKey="Ena J">J Ena</name></author><author><name sortKey="Enriquez De Salamanca, R" uniqKey="Enriquez De Salamanca R">R Enriquez-De-Salamanca</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Gm" uniqKey="Murphy G">GM Murphy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hawk, Jl" uniqKey="Hawk J">JL Hawk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Magnus, Ia" uniqKey="Magnus I">IA Magnus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cannistraci, C" uniqKey="Cannistraci C">C Cannistraci</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lesnoni La Parola, I" uniqKey="Lesnoni La Parola I">I Lesnoni La Parola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Falchi, M" uniqKey="Falchi M">M Falchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Picardo, M" uniqKey="Picardo M">M Picardo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eisen, D" uniqKey="Eisen D">D Eisen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chung, Hs" uniqKey="Chung H">HS Chung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hann, Sk" uniqKey="Hann S">SK Hann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rolain, Jm" uniqKey="Rolain J">JM Rolain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Colson, P" uniqKey="Colson P">P Colson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raoult, D" uniqKey="Raoult D">D Raoult</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Savarino, A" uniqKey="Savarino A">A Savarino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boelaert, Jr" uniqKey="Boelaert J">JR Boelaert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cassone, A" uniqKey="Cassone A">A Cassone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Majori, G" uniqKey="Majori G">G Majori</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cauda, R" uniqKey="Cauda R">R Cauda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Savarino, A" uniqKey="Savarino A">A Savarino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gennero, L" uniqKey="Gennero L">L Gennero</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sperber, K" uniqKey="Sperber K">K Sperber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boelaert, Jr" uniqKey="Boelaert J">JR Boelaert</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Savarino, A" uniqKey="Savarino A">A Savarino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lucia, Mb" uniqKey="Lucia M">MB Lucia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rastrelli, E" uniqKey="Rastrelli E">E Rastrelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rutella, S" uniqKey="Rutella S">S Rutella</name></author><author><name sortKey="Golotta, C" uniqKey="Golotta C">C Golotta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morra, E" uniqKey="Morra E">E Morra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sperber, K" uniqKey="Sperber K">K Sperber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kalb, Th" uniqKey="Kalb T">TH Kalb</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stecher, Vj" uniqKey="Stecher V">VJ Stecher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banerjee, R" uniqKey="Banerjee R">R Banerjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mayer, L" uniqKey="Mayer L">L Mayer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Paton, Ni" uniqKey="Paton N">NI Paton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aboulhab, J" uniqKey="Aboulhab J">J Aboulhab</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keyaerts, E" uniqKey="Keyaerts E">E Keyaerts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vijgen, L" uniqKey="Vijgen L">L Vijgen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maes, P" uniqKey="Maes P">P Maes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Neyts, J" uniqKey="Neyts J">J Neyts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Ranst, M" uniqKey="Van Ranst M">M Van Ranst</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vincent, Mj" uniqKey="Vincent M">MJ Vincent</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bergeron, E" uniqKey="Bergeron E">E Bergeron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benjannet, S" uniqKey="Benjannet S">S Benjannet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Erickson, Br" uniqKey="Erickson B">BR Erickson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rollin, Pe" uniqKey="Rollin P">PE Rollin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ksiazek, Tg" uniqKey="Ksiazek T">TG Ksiazek</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keyaerts, E" uniqKey="Keyaerts E">E Keyaerts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, S" uniqKey="Li S">S Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vijgen, L" uniqKey="Vijgen L">L Vijgen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rysman, E" uniqKey="Rysman E">E Rysman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verbeeck, J" uniqKey="Verbeeck J">J Verbeeck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Ranst, M" uniqKey="Van Ranst M">M Van Ranst</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Blazar, Br" uniqKey="Blazar B">BR Blazar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Whitley, Cb" uniqKey="Whitley C">CB Whitley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kitabchi, Ae" uniqKey="Kitabchi A">AE Kitabchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, My" uniqKey="Tsai M">MY Tsai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Santiago, J" uniqKey="Santiago J">J Santiago</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, N" uniqKey="White N">N White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Gd" uniqKey="Smith G">GD Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amos, Ta" uniqKey="Amos T">TA Amos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mahler, R" uniqKey="Mahler R">R Mahler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, Tj" uniqKey="Peters T">TJ Peters</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Quatraro, A" uniqKey="Quatraro A">A Quatraro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Consoli, G" uniqKey="Consoli G">G Consoli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Magno, M" uniqKey="Magno M">M Magno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caretta, F" uniqKey="Caretta F">F Caretta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nardozza, A" uniqKey="Nardozza A">A Nardozza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ceriello, A" uniqKey="Ceriello A">A Ceriello</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gerstein, Hc" uniqKey="Gerstein H">HC Gerstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thorpe, Ke" uniqKey="Thorpe K">KE Thorpe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Dw" uniqKey="Taylor D">DW Taylor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haynes, Rb" uniqKey="Haynes R">RB Haynes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Emami, J" uniqKey="Emami J">J Emami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pasutto, Fm" uniqKey="Pasutto F">FM Pasutto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mercer, Jr" uniqKey="Mercer J">JR Mercer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jamali, F" uniqKey="Jamali F">F Jamali</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Powrie, Jk" uniqKey="Powrie J">JK Powrie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Gd" uniqKey="Smith G">GD Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shojaee Moradie, F" uniqKey="Shojaee Moradie F">F Shojaee-Moradie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sonksen, Ph" uniqKey="Sonksen P">PH Sonksen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Rh" uniqKey="Jones R">RH Jones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shojania, K" uniqKey="Shojania K">K Shojania</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koehler, Be" uniqKey="Koehler B">BE Koehler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, T" uniqKey="Elliott T">T Elliott</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Penn, Sk" uniqKey="Penn S">SK Penn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kao, Ah" uniqKey="Kao A">AH Kao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schott, Ll" uniqKey="Schott L">LL Schott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, Jr" uniqKey="Elliott J">JR Elliott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Toledo, Fg" uniqKey="Toledo F">FG Toledo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuller, L" uniqKey="Kuller L">L Kuller</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wasko, Mc" uniqKey="Wasko M">MC Wasko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hubert, Hb" uniqKey="Hubert H">HB Hubert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lingala, Vb" uniqKey="Lingala V">VB Lingala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, Jr" uniqKey="Elliott J">JR Elliott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luggen, Me" uniqKey="Luggen M">ME Luggen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fries, Jf" uniqKey="Fries J">JF Fries</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rekedal, Lr" uniqKey="Rekedal L">LR Rekedal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Massarotti, E" uniqKey="Massarotti E">E Massarotti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garg, R" uniqKey="Garg R">R Garg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, R" uniqKey="Bhatia R">R Bhatia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gleeson, T" uniqKey="Gleeson T">T Gleeson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, B" uniqKey="Lu B">B Lu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wallace, Dj" uniqKey="Wallace D">DJ Wallace</name></author><author><name sortKey="Metzger, Al" uniqKey="Metzger A">AL Metzger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stecher, Vj" uniqKey="Stecher V">VJ Stecher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turnbull, Ba" uniqKey="Turnbull B">BA Turnbull</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kern, Pa" uniqKey="Kern P">PA Kern</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hodis, Hn" uniqKey="Hodis H">HN Hodis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quismorio, Fp" uniqKey="Quismorio F">FP Quismorio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wickham, E" uniqKey="Wickham E">E Wickham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blankenhorn, Dh" uniqKey="Blankenhorn D">DH Blankenhorn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Munro, R" uniqKey="Munro R">R Munro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morrison, E" uniqKey="Morrison E">E Morrison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonald, Ag" uniqKey="Mcdonald A">AG McDonald</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hunter, Ja" uniqKey="Hunter J">JA Hunter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madhok, R" uniqKey="Madhok R">R Madhok</name></author><author><name sortKey="Capell, Ha" uniqKey="Capell H">HA Capell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rahman, P" uniqKey="Rahman P">P Rahman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gladman, Dd" uniqKey="Gladman D">DD Gladman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Urowitz, Mb" uniqKey="Urowitz M">MB Urowitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K" uniqKey="Yuen K">K Yuen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hallett, D" uniqKey="Hallett D">D Hallett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bruce, In" uniqKey="Bruce I">IN Bruce</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tam, Ls" uniqKey="Tam L">LS Tam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Ek" uniqKey="Li E">EK Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Cw" uniqKey="Lam C">CW Lam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomlinson, B" uniqKey="Tomlinson B">B Tomlinson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bengtsson, C" uniqKey="Bengtsson C">C Bengtsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andersson, Se" uniqKey="Andersson S">SE Andersson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edvinsson, L" uniqKey="Edvinsson L">L Edvinsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edvinsson, Ml" uniqKey="Edvinsson M">ML Edvinsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sturfelt, G" uniqKey="Sturfelt G">G Sturfelt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nived, O" uniqKey="Nived O">O Nived</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jung, H" uniqKey="Jung H">H Jung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bobba, R" uniqKey="Bobba R">R Bobba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Su, J" uniqKey="Su J">J Su</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shariati Sarabi, Z" uniqKey="Shariati Sarabi Z">Z Shariati-Sarabi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gladman, Dd" uniqKey="Gladman D">DD Gladman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Urowitz, M" uniqKey="Urowitz M">M Urowitz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tanay, A" uniqKey="Tanay A">A Tanay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leibovitz, E" uniqKey="Leibovitz E">E Leibovitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frayman, A" uniqKey="Frayman A">A Frayman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimlichman, R" uniqKey="Zimlichman R">R Zimlichman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shargorodsky, M" uniqKey="Shargorodsky M">M Shargorodsky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gavish, D" uniqKey="Gavish D">D Gavish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Johnson, R" uniqKey="Johnson R">R Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Charnley, J" uniqKey="Charnley J">J Charnley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nosal, R" uniqKey="Nosal R">R Nosal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jancinova, V" uniqKey="Jancinova V">V Jancinova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petrikova, M" uniqKey="Petrikova M">M Petrikova</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petri, M" uniqKey="Petri M">M Petri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tektonidou, Mg" uniqKey="Tektonidou M">MG Tektonidou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laskari, K" uniqKey="Laskari K">K Laskari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Panagiotakos, Db" uniqKey="Panagiotakos D">DB Panagiotakos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moutsopoulos, Hm" uniqKey="Moutsopoulos H">HM Moutsopoulos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Belizna, Cc" uniqKey="Belizna C">CC Belizna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richard, V" uniqKey="Richard V">V Richard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thuillez, C" uniqKey="Thuillez C">C Thuillez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levesque, H" uniqKey="Levesque H">H Levesque</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shoenfeld, Y" uniqKey="Shoenfeld Y">Y Shoenfeld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Erkan, D" uniqKey="Erkan D">D Erkan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yazici, Y" uniqKey="Yazici Y">Y Yazici</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peterson, Mg" uniqKey="Peterson M">MG Peterson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sammaritano, L" uniqKey="Sammaritano L">L Sammaritano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lockshin, Md" uniqKey="Lockshin M">MD Lockshin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Mh" uniqKey="Edwards M">MH Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pierangeli, S" uniqKey="Pierangeli S">S Pierangeli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, X" uniqKey="Liu X">X Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barker, Jh" uniqKey="Barker J">JH Barker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, G" uniqKey="Anderson G">G Anderson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, En" uniqKey="Harris E">EN Harris</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Espinola, Rg" uniqKey="Espinola R">RG Espinola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pierangeli, Ss" uniqKey="Pierangeli S">SS Pierangeli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gharavi, Ae" uniqKey="Gharavi A">AE Gharavi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, En" uniqKey="Harris E">EN Harris</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rand, Jh" uniqKey="Rand J">JH Rand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Xx" uniqKey="Wu X">XX Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, As" uniqKey="Quinn A">AS Quinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ashton, Aw" uniqKey="Ashton A">AW Ashton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Pp" uniqKey="Chen P">PP Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hathcock, Jj" uniqKey="Hathcock J">JJ Hathcock</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rand, Jh" uniqKey="Rand J">JH Rand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Xx" uniqKey="Wu X">XX Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, As" uniqKey="Quinn A">AS Quinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Pp" uniqKey="Chen P">PP Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hathcock, Jj" uniqKey="Hathcock J">JJ Hathcock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taatjes, Dj" uniqKey="Taatjes D">DJ Taatjes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Geser, A" uniqKey="Geser A">A Geser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brubaker, G" uniqKey="Brubaker G">G Brubaker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Draper, Cc" uniqKey="Draper C">CC Draper</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maclean, Kh" uniqKey="Maclean K">KH Maclean</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dorsey, Fc" uniqKey="Dorsey F">FC Dorsey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cleveland, Jl" uniqKey="Cleveland J">JL Cleveland</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kastan, Mb" uniqKey="Kastan M">MB Kastan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lagneaux, L" uniqKey="Lagneaux L">L Lagneaux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delforge, A" uniqKey="Delforge A">A Delforge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carlier, S" uniqKey="Carlier S">S Carlier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Massy, M" uniqKey="Massy M">M Massy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernier, M" uniqKey="Bernier M">M Bernier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bron, D" uniqKey="Bron D">D Bron</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lagneaux, L" uniqKey="Lagneaux L">L Lagneaux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delforge, A" uniqKey="Delforge A">A Delforge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dejeneffe, M" uniqKey="Dejeneffe M">M Dejeneffe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Massy, M" uniqKey="Massy M">M Massy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernier, M" uniqKey="Bernier M">M Bernier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bron, D" uniqKey="Bron D">D Bron</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mansilla, E" uniqKey="Mansilla E">E Mansilla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marin, Gh" uniqKey="Marin G">GH Marin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nunez, L" uniqKey="Nunez L">L Nunez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drago, H" uniqKey="Drago H">H Drago</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sturla, F" uniqKey="Sturla F">F Sturla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mertz, C" uniqKey="Mertz C">C Mertz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Pd" uniqKey="Jiang P">PD Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yl" uniqKey="Zhao Y">YL Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, W" uniqKey="Shi W">W Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Xq" uniqKey="Deng X">XQ Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, G" uniqKey="Xie G">G Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mao, Yq" uniqKey="Mao Y">YQ Mao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rahim, R" uniqKey="Rahim R">R Rahim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Strobl, Js" uniqKey="Strobl J">JS Strobl</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Q" uniqKey="Zhou Q">Q Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccracken, Ma" uniqKey="Mccracken M">MA McCracken</name></author><author><name sortKey="Strobl, Js" uniqKey="Strobl J">JS Strobl</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Y" uniqKey="Zheng Y">Y Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yl" uniqKey="Zhao Y">YL Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, X" uniqKey="Deng X">X Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, S" uniqKey="Yang S">S Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mao, Y" uniqKey="Mao Y">Y Mao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Z" uniqKey="Li Z">Z Li</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sasaki, K" uniqKey="Sasaki K">K Sasaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuno, Nh" uniqKey="Tsuno N">NH Tsuno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sunami, E" uniqKey="Sunami E">E Sunami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsurita, G" uniqKey="Tsurita G">G Tsurita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawai, K" uniqKey="Kawai K">K Kawai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okaji, Y" uniqKey="Okaji Y">Y Okaji</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fan, C" uniqKey="Fan C">C Fan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, W" uniqKey="Wang W">W Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, B" uniqKey="Zhao B">B Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, S" uniqKey="Zhang S">S Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, J" uniqKey="Miao J">J Miao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sotelo, J" uniqKey="Sotelo J">J Sotelo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Briceno, E" uniqKey="Briceno E">E Briceno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Gonzalez, Ma" uniqKey="Lopez Gonzalez M">MA Lopez-Gonzalez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hu, C" uniqKey="Hu C">C Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Solomon, Vr" uniqKey="Solomon V">VR Solomon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ulibarri, G" uniqKey="Ulibarri G">G Ulibarri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, H" uniqKey="Lee H">H Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Solomon, Vr" uniqKey="Solomon V">VR Solomon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, H" uniqKey="Lee H">H Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schultz, Kr" uniqKey="Schultz K">KR Schultz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gilman, Al" uniqKey="Gilman A">AL Gilman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khoury, H" uniqKey="Khoury H">H Khoury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trinkaus, K" uniqKey="Trinkaus K">K Trinkaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Mj" uniqKey="Zhang M">MJ Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adkins, D" uniqKey="Adkins D">D Adkins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, R" uniqKey="Brown R">R Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vij, R" uniqKey="Vij R">R Vij</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fong, T" uniqKey="Fong T">T Fong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trinkaus, K" uniqKey="Trinkaus K">K Trinkaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adkins, D" uniqKey="Adkins D">D Adkins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vij, R" uniqKey="Vij R">R Vij</name></author><author><name sortKey="Devine, Sm" uniqKey="Devine S">SM Devine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomasson, M" uniqKey="Tomasson M">M Tomasson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, Ph" uniqKey="Chen P">PH Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Yf" uniqKey="Huang Y">YF Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Cw" uniqKey="Tang C">CW Tang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wann, Sr" uniqKey="Wann S">SR Wann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Ht" uniqKey="Chang H">HT Chang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rezai, K" uniqKey="Rezai K">K Rezai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuchipudi, S" uniqKey="Kuchipudi S">S Kuchipudi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chundi, V" uniqKey="Chundi V">V Chundi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ariga, R" uniqKey="Ariga R">R Ariga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Loew, J" uniqKey="Loew J">J Loew</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sha, Be" uniqKey="Sha B">BE Sha</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Desimone, Dp" uniqKey="Desimone D">DP DeSimone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brilliant, Hl" uniqKey="Brilliant H">HL Brilliant</name></author><author><name sortKey="Basile, J" uniqKey="Basile J">J Basile</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bell, Nh" uniqKey="Bell N">NH Bell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="O Eary, Tj" uniqKey="O Eary T">TJ O’Leary</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, G" uniqKey="Jones G">G Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yip, A" uniqKey="Yip A">A Yip</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lohnes, D" uniqKey="Lohnes D">D Lohnes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohanim, M" uniqKey="Cohanim M">M Cohanim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yendt, Er" uniqKey="Yendt E">ER Yendt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shimoni, A" uniqKey="Shimoni A">A Shimoni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hershcovici, T" uniqKey="Hershcovici T">T Hershcovici</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mekhmandarov, S" uniqKey="Mekhmandarov S">S Mekhmandarov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maor Kendler, Y" uniqKey="Maor Kendler Y">Y Maor-Kendler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beigel, Y" uniqKey="Beigel Y">Y Beigel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hirshoren, N" uniqKey="Hirshoren N">N Hirshoren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eliashar, R" uniqKey="Eliashar R">R Eliashar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weinberger, Jm" uniqKey="Weinberger J">JM Weinberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hussain, A" uniqKey="Hussain A">A Hussain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scelsa, Sn" uniqKey="Scelsa S">SN Scelsa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Izmirly Pm, Cp" uniqKey="Izmirly Pm C">CP Izmirly PM</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim My, Df" uniqKey="Kim My D">DF Kim MY</name></author><author><name sortKey="Llanos, C" uniqKey="Llanos C">C Llanos</name></author><author><name sortKey="C C, N" uniqKey="C C N">N C-C</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Izmirly, Pm" uniqKey="Izmirly P">PM Izmirly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, My" uniqKey="Kim M">MY Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Llanos, C" uniqKey="Llanos C">C Llanos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le, Pu" uniqKey="Le P">PU Le</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guerra, Mm" uniqKey="Guerra M">MM Guerra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Askanase, Ad" uniqKey="Askanase A">AD Askanase</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iyamu, E" uniqKey="Iyamu E">E Iyamu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perdew, H" uniqKey="Perdew H">H Perdew</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woods, G" uniqKey="Woods G">G Woods</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Wr" uniqKey="Taylor W">WR Taylor</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Nj" uniqKey="White N">NJ White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hochstein, P" uniqKey="Hochstein P">P Hochstein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kleinegger, Cl" uniqKey="Kleinegger C">CL Kleinegger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hammond, Hl" uniqKey="Hammond H">HL Hammond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Finkelstein, Mw" uniqKey="Finkelstein M">MW Finkelstein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bortoli, R" uniqKey="Bortoli R">R Bortoli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Santiago, M" uniqKey="Santiago M">M Santiago</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tehrani, R" uniqKey="Tehrani R">R Tehrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ostrowski, Ra" uniqKey="Ostrowski R">RA Ostrowski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hariman, R" uniqKey="Hariman R">R Hariman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jay, Wm" uniqKey="Jay W">WM Jay</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wolfe, F" uniqKey="Wolfe F">F Wolfe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marmor, Mf" uniqKey="Marmor M">MF Marmor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Costedoat Chalumeau, N" uniqKey="Costedoat Chalumeau N">N Costedoat-Chalumeau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hulot, Js" uniqKey="Hulot J">JS Hulot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amoura, Z" uniqKey="Amoura Z">Z Amoura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delcourt, A" uniqKey="Delcourt A">A Delcourt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maisonobe, T" uniqKey="Maisonobe T">T Maisonobe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dorent, R" uniqKey="Dorent R">R Dorent</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keating, Rj" uniqKey="Keating R">RJ Keating</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, S" uniqKey="Bhatia S">S Bhatia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amin, S" uniqKey="Amin S">S Amin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, A" uniqKey="Williams A">A Williams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sinak, Lj" uniqKey="Sinak L">LJ Sinak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Wd" uniqKey="Edwards W">WD Edwards</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kwon, Jb" uniqKey="Kwon J">JB Kwon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kleiner, A" uniqKey="Kleiner A">A Kleiner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ishida, K" uniqKey="Ishida K">K Ishida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Godown, J" uniqKey="Godown J">J Godown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciafaloni, E" uniqKey="Ciafaloni E">E Ciafaloni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Looney, Rj" uniqKey="Looney R">RJ Looney</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Siddiqui, Ak" uniqKey="Siddiqui A">AK Siddiqui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huberfeld, Si" uniqKey="Huberfeld S">SI Huberfeld</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weidenheim, Km" uniqKey="Weidenheim K">KM Weidenheim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Einberg, Kr" uniqKey="Einberg K">KR Einberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Efferen, Ls" uniqKey="Efferen L">LS Efferen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Estes, Ml" uniqKey="Estes M">ML Estes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ewing Wilson, D" uniqKey="Ewing Wilson D">D Ewing-Wilson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chou, Sm" uniqKey="Chou S">SM Chou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsumoto, H" uniqKey="Mitsumoto H">H Mitsumoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hanson, M" uniqKey="Hanson M">M Hanson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shirey, E" uniqKey="Shirey E">E Shirey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Costedoat Chalumeau, N" uniqKey="Costedoat Chalumeau N">N Costedoat-Chalumeau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amoura, Z" uniqKey="Amoura Z">Z Amoura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aymard, G" uniqKey="Aymard G">G Aymard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le, Th" uniqKey="Le T">TH Le</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wechsler, B" uniqKey="Wechsler B">B Wechsler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vauthier, D" uniqKey="Vauthier D">D Vauthier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clowse, Me" uniqKey="Clowse M">ME Clowse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Magder, L" uniqKey="Magder L">L Magder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Witter, F" uniqKey="Witter F">F Witter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petri, M" uniqKey="Petri M">M Petri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Levy, M" uniqKey="Levy M">M Levy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buskila, D" uniqKey="Buskila D">D Buskila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gladman, Dd" uniqKey="Gladman D">DD Gladman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Urowitz, Mb" uniqKey="Urowitz M">MB Urowitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koren, G" uniqKey="Koren G">G Koren</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Klinger, G" uniqKey="Klinger G">G Klinger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morad, Y" uniqKey="Morad Y">Y Morad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Westall, Ca" uniqKey="Westall C">CA Westall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laskin, C" uniqKey="Laskin C">C Laskin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spitzer, Ka" uniqKey="Spitzer K">KA Spitzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koren, G" uniqKey="Koren G">G Koren</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Motta, M" uniqKey="Motta M">M Motta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tincani, A" uniqKey="Tincani A">A Tincani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Faden, D" uniqKey="Faden D">D Faden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zinzini, E" uniqKey="Zinzini E">E Zinzini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lojacono, A" uniqKey="Lojacono A">A Lojacono</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marchesi, A" uniqKey="Marchesi A">A Marchesi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Costedoat Chalumeau, N" uniqKey="Costedoat Chalumeau N">N Costedoat-Chalumeau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amoura, Z" uniqKey="Amoura Z">Z Amoura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huong, Dl" uniqKey="Huong D">DL Huong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lechat, P" uniqKey="Lechat P">P Lechat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piette, Jc" uniqKey="Piette J">JC Piette</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Clin Rev Allergy Immunol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Clin Rev Allergy Immunol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1080-0549</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1559-0267</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Humana Press Inc</publisher-name><publisher-loc>New York</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21221847</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7091063</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">8243</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s12016-010-8243-x</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ben-Zvi</surname><given-names>Ilan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kivity</surname><given-names>Shaye</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Langevitz</surname><given-names>Pnina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Shoenfeld</surname><given-names>Yehuda</given-names></name><address><email>shoenfel@post.tau.ac.il</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4">4</xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine F,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</aff><aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine A and C,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</aff><aff id="Aff3"><label>3</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Rheumatology Unit, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</aff><aff id="Aff4"><label>4</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413795.d</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072845</institution-id><institution>Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine B,</institution><institution>Sheba Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Israel</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>8</day><month>1</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>153</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>Quinine was first recognized as a potent antimalarial agent hundreds of years ago. Since then, the beneficial effects of quinine and its more advanced synthetic forms, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have been increasingly recognized in a myriad of other diseases in addition to malaria. In recent years, antimalarials were shown to have various immunomodulatory effects, and currently have an established role in the management of rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and in the treatment of chronic Q fever. Lately, additional metabolic, cardiovascular, antithrombotic, and antineoplastic effects of antimalarials were shown. In this review, we discuss the known various immunomodulatory mechanisms of antimalarials and the current evidence for their beneficial effects in various diseases and in potential novel applications.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Chloroquine</kwd><kwd>Hydroxychloroquine</kwd><kwd>Antimalarial</kwd><kwd>Novel</kwd><kwd>Therapy</kwd><kwd>Lupus</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Israël</li></country></list><tree><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ben Zvi, Ilan" sort="Ben Zvi, Ilan" uniqKey="Ben Zvi I" first="Ilan" last="Ben-Zvi">Ilan Ben-Zvi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kivity, Shaye" sort="Kivity, Shaye" uniqKey="Kivity S" first="Shaye" last="Kivity">Shaye Kivity</name><name sortKey="Langevitz, Pnina" sort="Langevitz, Pnina" uniqKey="Langevitz P" first="Pnina" last="Langevitz">Pnina Langevitz</name><name sortKey="Shoenfeld, Yehuda" sort="Shoenfeld, Yehuda" uniqKey="Shoenfeld Y" first="Yehuda" last="Shoenfeld">Yehuda Shoenfeld</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/CovidV2/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000244 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 000244 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= CovidV2
|flux= Ncbi
|étape= Merge
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7091063
|texte= Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:21221847" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a CovidV2
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |