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COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: estimating the epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures.

Identifieur interne : 000413 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000412; suivant : 000414

COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: estimating the epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures.

Auteurs : J. Rocklöv [Suède] ; H. Sjödin [Suède] ; A. Wilder-Smith [Suède]

Source :

RBID : pubmed:32109273

Abstract

Cruise ships carry a large number of people in confined spaces with relative homogeneous mixing. On 3 February, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 on cruise ship Diamond Princess was reported with 10 initial cases, following an index case on board around 21-25 January. By 4 February, public health measures such as removal and isolation of ill passengers and quarantine of non-ill passengers were implemented. By 20 February, 619 of 3,700 passengers and crew (17%) were tested positive.

DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa030
PubMed: 32109273

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pubmed:32109273

Le document en format XML

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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå</wicri:regionArea>
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<name sortKey="Sjodin, H" sort="Sjodin, H" uniqKey="Sjodin H" first="H" last="Sjödin">H. Sjödin</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Wilder Smith, A" sort="Wilder Smith, A" uniqKey="Wilder Smith A" first="A" last="Wilder-Smith">A. Wilder-Smith</name>
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<name sortKey="Sjodin, H" sort="Sjodin, H" uniqKey="Sjodin H" first="H" last="Sjödin">H. Sjödin</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå</wicri:regionArea>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
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<title level="j">Journal of travel medicine</title>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Cruise ships carry a large number of people in confined spaces with relative homogeneous mixing. On 3 February, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 on cruise ship Diamond Princess was reported with 10 initial cases, following an index case on board around 21-25 January. By 4 February, public health measures such as removal and isolation of ill passengers and quarantine of non-ill passengers were implemented. By 20 February, 619 of 3,700 passengers and crew (17%) were tested positive.</div>
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<Year>2020</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>28</Day>
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<Year>2020</Year>
<Month>Feb</Month>
<Day>28</Day>
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<Title>Journal of travel medicine</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>J Travel Med</ISOAbbreviation>
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<ArticleTitle>COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: estimating the epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures.</ArticleTitle>
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<AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Cruise ships carry a large number of people in confined spaces with relative homogeneous mixing. On 3 February, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 on cruise ship Diamond Princess was reported with 10 initial cases, following an index case on board around 21-25 January. By 4 February, public health measures such as removal and isolation of ill passengers and quarantine of non-ill passengers were implemented. By 20 February, 619 of 3,700 passengers and crew (17%) were tested positive.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We estimated the basic reproduction number from the initial period of the outbreak using (SEIR) models. We calibrated the models with transient functions of countermeasures to incidence data. We additionally estimated a counterfactual scenario in absence of countermeasures, and established a model stratified by crew and guests to study the impact of differential contact rates among the groups. We also compared scenarios of an earlier versus later evacuation of the ship.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The basic reproduction rate was initially 4 times higher on-board compared to the ${R}_0$ in the epicentre in Wuhan, but the countermeasures lowered it substantially. Based on the modeled initial ${R}_0$ of 14.8, we estimated that without any interventions within the time period of 21 January to 19 February, 2920 out of the 3700 (79%) would have been infected. Isolation and quarantine therefore prevented 2307 cases, and lowered the ${R}_0$ to 1.78. We showed that an early evacuation of all passengers on 3 February would have been associated with 76 infected persons in their incubation time.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The cruise ship conditions clearly amplified an already highly transmissible disease. The public health measures prevented more than 2000 additional cases compared to no interventions. However, evacuating all passengers and crew early on in the outbreak would have prevented many more passengers and crew from infection.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>© International Society of Travel Medicine 2019. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation>
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<Affiliation>Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.</Affiliation>
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<Affiliation>Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation>
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