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Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.

Identifieur interne : 000041 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000040; suivant : 000042

Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.

Auteurs : Chaomin Wu ; Xiaoyan Chen ; Yanping Cai ; Jia'An Xia ; Xing Zhou ; Sha Xu ; Hanping Huang ; Li Zhang ; Xia Zhou ; Chunling Du ; Yuye Zhang ; Juan Song ; Sijiao Wang ; Yencheng Chao ; Zeyong Yang ; Jie Xu ; Xin Zhou ; Dechang Chen ; Weining Xiong ; Lei Xu ; Feng Zhou ; Jinjun Jiang ; Chunxue Bai ; Junhua Zheng ; Yuanlin Song

Source :

RBID : pubmed:32167524

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Risk factors for the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia have not yet been well delineated.

DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994
PubMed: 32167524

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pubmed:32167524

Le document en format XML

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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Chen, Xiaoyan" sort="Chen, Xiaoyan" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xiaoyan" last="Chen">Xiaoyan Chen</name>
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<name sortKey="Cai, Yanping" sort="Cai, Yanping" uniqKey="Cai Y" first="Yanping" last="Cai">Yanping Cai</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Xia, Jia An" sort="Xia, Jia An" uniqKey="Xia J" first="Jia'An" last="Xia">Jia'An Xia</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhou, Xing" sort="Zhou, Xing" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xing" last="Zhou">Xing Zhou</name>
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<name sortKey="Xu, Sha" sort="Xu, Sha" uniqKey="Xu S" first="Sha" last="Xu">Sha Xu</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Huang, Hanping" sort="Huang, Hanping" uniqKey="Huang H" first="Hanping" last="Huang">Hanping Huang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhang, Li" sort="Zhang, Li" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Li" last="Zhang">Li Zhang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhou, Xia" sort="Zhou, Xia" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xia" last="Zhou">Xia Zhou</name>
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<name sortKey="Du, Chunling" sort="Du, Chunling" uniqKey="Du C" first="Chunling" last="Du">Chunling Du</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhang, Yuye" sort="Zhang, Yuye" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yuye" last="Zhang">Yuye Zhang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Song, Juan" sort="Song, Juan" uniqKey="Song J" first="Juan" last="Song">Juan Song</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Wang, Sijiao" sort="Wang, Sijiao" uniqKey="Wang S" first="Sijiao" last="Wang">Sijiao Wang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Chao, Yencheng" sort="Chao, Yencheng" uniqKey="Chao Y" first="Yencheng" last="Chao">Yencheng Chao</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Yang, Zeyong" sort="Yang, Zeyong" uniqKey="Yang Z" first="Zeyong" last="Yang">Zeyong Yang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Anesthesiology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Xu, Jie" sort="Xu, Jie" uniqKey="Xu J" first="Jie" last="Xu">Jie Xu</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Fengxian Guhua Hospital, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhou, Xin" sort="Zhou, Xin" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xin" last="Zhou">Xin Zhou</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Chen, Dechang" sort="Chen, Dechang" uniqKey="Chen D" first="Dechang" last="Chen">Dechang Chen</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Xiong, Weining" sort="Xiong, Weining" uniqKey="Xiong W" first="Weining" last="Xiong">Weining Xiong</name>
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<name sortKey="Xu, Lei" sort="Xu, Lei" uniqKey="Xu L" first="Lei" last="Xu">Lei Xu</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhou, Feng" sort="Zhou, Feng" uniqKey="Zhou F" first="Feng" last="Zhou">Feng Zhou</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Jiang, Jinjun" sort="Jiang, Jinjun" uniqKey="Jiang J" first="Jinjun" last="Jiang">Jinjun Jiang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Bai, Chunxue" sort="Bai, Chunxue" uniqKey="Bai C" first="Chunxue" last="Bai">Chunxue Bai</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zheng, Junhua" sort="Zheng, Junhua" uniqKey="Zheng J" first="Junhua" last="Zheng">Junhua Zheng</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Song, Yuanlin" sort="Song, Yuanlin" uniqKey="Song Y" first="Yuanlin" last="Song">Yuanlin Song</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Wu, Chaomin" sort="Wu, Chaomin" uniqKey="Wu C" first="Chaomin" last="Wu">Chaomin Wu</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Chen, Xiaoyan" sort="Chen, Xiaoyan" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xiaoyan" last="Chen">Xiaoyan Chen</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Cai, Yanping" sort="Cai, Yanping" uniqKey="Cai Y" first="Yanping" last="Cai">Yanping Cai</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Xia, Jia An" sort="Xia, Jia An" uniqKey="Xia J" first="Jia'An" last="Xia">Jia'An Xia</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhou, Xing" sort="Zhou, Xing" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xing" last="Zhou">Xing Zhou</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Xu, Sha" sort="Xu, Sha" uniqKey="Xu S" first="Sha" last="Xu">Sha Xu</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Huang, Hanping" sort="Huang, Hanping" uniqKey="Huang H" first="Hanping" last="Huang">Hanping Huang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhang, Li" sort="Zhang, Li" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Li" last="Zhang">Li Zhang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Zhou, Xia" sort="Zhou, Xia" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xia" last="Zhou">Xia Zhou</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Du, Chunling" sort="Du, Chunling" uniqKey="Du C" first="Chunling" last="Du">Chunling Du</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Yuye" sort="Zhang, Yuye" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yuye" last="Zhang">Yuye Zhang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<name sortKey="Song, Juan" sort="Song, Juan" uniqKey="Song J" first="Juan" last="Song">Juan Song</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<name sortKey="Wang, Sijiao" sort="Wang, Sijiao" uniqKey="Wang S" first="Sijiao" last="Wang">Sijiao Wang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Chao, Yencheng" sort="Chao, Yencheng" uniqKey="Chao Y" first="Yencheng" last="Chao">Yencheng Chao</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yang, Zeyong" sort="Yang, Zeyong" uniqKey="Yang Z" first="Zeyong" last="Yang">Zeyong Yang</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Anesthesiology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Xu, Jie" sort="Xu, Jie" uniqKey="Xu J" first="Jie" last="Xu">Jie Xu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Fengxian Guhua Hospital, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhou, Xin" sort="Zhou, Xin" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xin" last="Zhou">Xin Zhou</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, Dechang" sort="Chen, Dechang" uniqKey="Chen D" first="Dechang" last="Chen">Dechang Chen</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Xiong, Weining" sort="Xiong, Weining" uniqKey="Xiong W" first="Weining" last="Xiong">Weining Xiong</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Xu, Lei" sort="Xu, Lei" uniqKey="Xu L" first="Lei" last="Xu">Lei Xu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhou, Feng" sort="Zhou, Feng" uniqKey="Zhou F" first="Feng" last="Zhou">Feng Zhou</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jiang, Jinjun" sort="Jiang, Jinjun" uniqKey="Jiang J" first="Jinjun" last="Jiang">Jinjun Jiang</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bai, Chunxue" sort="Bai, Chunxue" uniqKey="Bai C" first="Chunxue" last="Bai">Chunxue Bai</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zheng, Junhua" sort="Zheng, Junhua" uniqKey="Zheng J" first="Junhua" last="Zheng">Junhua Zheng</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, Yuanlin" sort="Song, Yuanlin" uniqKey="Song Y" first="Yuanlin" last="Song">Yuanlin Song</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
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<title level="j">JAMA internal medicine</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2168-6114</idno>
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<date when="2020" type="published">2020</date>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Risk factors for the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia have not yet been well delineated.</div>
</front>
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<PMID Version="1">32167524</PMID>
<DateRevised>
<Year>2020</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic">
<Journal>
<ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2168-6114</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet">
<PubDate>
<Year>2020</Year>
<Month>Mar</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</PubDate>
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<Title>JAMA internal medicine</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>JAMA Intern Med</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.</ArticleTitle>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994</ELocationID>
<Abstract>
<AbstractText Label="Importance" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Risk factors for the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia have not yet been well delineated.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Objective" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or died.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Design, Setting, and Participants" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Retrospective cohort study of 201 patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in China between December 25, 2019, and January 26, 2020. The final date of follow-up was February 13, 2020.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Exposures" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Main Outcomes and Measures" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The development of ARDS and death. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, management, treatment, and outcome data were also collected and analyzed.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Results" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Of 201 patients, the median age was 51 years (interquartile range, 43-60 years), and 128 (63.7%) patients were men. Eighty-four patients (41.8%) developed ARDS, and of those 84 patients, 44 (52.4%) died. In those who developed ARDS, compared with those who did not, more patients presented with dyspnea (50 of 84 [59.5%] patients and 30 of 117 [25.6%] patients, respectively [difference, 33.9%; 95% CI, 19.7%-48.1%]) and had comorbidities such as hypertension (23 of 84 [27.4%] patients and 16 of 117 [13.7%] patients, respectively [difference, 13.7%; 95% CI, 1.3%-26.1%]) and diabetes (16 of 84 [19.0%] patients and 6 of 117 [5.1%] patients, respectively [difference, 13.9%; 95% CI, 3.6%-24.2%]). In bivariate Cox regression analysis, risk factors associated with the development of ARDS and progression from ARDS to death included older age (hazard ratio [HR], 3.26; 95% CI 2.08-5.11; and HR, 6.17; 95% CI, 3.26-11.67, respectively), neutrophilia (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.09-1.19; and HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17, respectively), and organ and coagulation dysfunction (eg, higher lactate dehydrogenase [HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.44-1.79; and HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11-1.52, respectively] and D-dimer [HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; and HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04, respectively]). High fever (≥39 °C) was associated with higher likelihood of ARDS development (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.11-2.84) and lower likelihood of death (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.21-0.82). Among patients with ARDS, treatment with methylprednisolone decreased the risk of death (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20-0.72).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Conclusions and Relevance" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Older age was associated with greater risk of development of ARDS and death likely owing to less rigorous immune response. Although high fever was associated with the development of ARDS, it was also associated with better outcomes among patients with ARDS. Moreover, treatment with methylprednisolone may be beneficial for patients who develop ARDS.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y">
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Wu</LastName>
<ForeName>Chaomin</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Chen</LastName>
<ForeName>Xiaoyan</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Cai</LastName>
<ForeName>Yanping</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Xia</LastName>
<ForeName>Jia'an</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Zhou</LastName>
<ForeName>Xing</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Xu</LastName>
<ForeName>Sha</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Infection Division, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Huang</LastName>
<ForeName>Hanping</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Zhang</LastName>
<ForeName>Li</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Zhou</LastName>
<ForeName>Xia</ForeName>
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