An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius
Identifieur interne : 000861 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000860; suivant : 000862An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius
Auteurs : F. Jori ; J. Godfroid ; A. L. Michel ; A. D. Potts ; M. R. Jaumally ; J. Sauzier ; M. RogerSource :
- Transboundary and Emerging Diseases [ 1865-1674 ] ; 2014-08.
Abstract
A population of approximately 70 000 rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa) represents the most important mammal species reared for food on the island of Mauritius, being the main source of red meat for the local population. However, very limited information is available on the circulation of pathogens affecting the productivity and health of this species. To produce baseline data on the circulation of infectious pathogens in rusa deer under production, a serological survey and/or direct pathogen detection for six selected infectious diseases was undertaken in 2007 in a sample of 53% of the herds reared in semi‐free‐ranging conditions in hunting estates. Seropositive results were recorded for Johne's disease with an indirect ELISA test (1.7%, n = 351), heartwater with an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (95.5%, n = 178) and leptospirosis with a Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (25.9%, n = 363). Significant associations were found between seroprevalence to some of the leptospiral serogroups detected (Tarassovi, Pomona, Sejroe and Mini) and age of the animals, animal density or location of the estates (being more prevalent in hotter and more humid areas). In addition, Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were confirmed in two deer carcasses by culture and PCR, respectively. No antibodies against Brucella spp. nor Rift Valley Fever virus were detected with the use of respective indirect ELISA's. The results obtained suggest that the population of rusa deer from Mauritius is exposed to a wide range of pathogens which may affect their productivity. In addition, the results highlight the potential public health risks incurred by deer industry workers and consumers. This survey fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the health of tropical deer meat in Mauritius and justifies the need to implement more regular surveys of selected pathogens in the deer population.
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DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12206
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ISTEX:D67CEEF02AA1517F2836C9B2AA3D9464962A3495Le document en format XML
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UPR AGIRs, CIRAD ES, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002 South Africa. Tel: +012 420 20 16; Fax: +012 420 25 34;E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: ferran.jori@cirad.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godfroid, J" sort="Godfroid, J" uniqKey="Godfroid J" first="J." last="Godfroid">J. Godfroid</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michel, A L" sort="Michel, A L" uniqKey="Michel A" first="A. L." last="Michel">A. L. Michel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Potts, A D" sort="Potts, A D" uniqKey="Potts A" first="A. D." last="Potts">A. D. Potts</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jaumally, M R" sort="Jaumally, M R" uniqKey="Jaumally M" first="M. R." last="Jaumally">M. R. Jaumally</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Veterinary Services, Reduit, Mauritius</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sauzier, J" sort="Sauzier, J" uniqKey="Sauzier J" first="J." last="Sauzier">J. 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Roger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre de Recherche et de veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:D67CEEF02AA1517F2836C9B2AA3D9464962A3495</idno><date when="2014" year="2014">2014</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/tbed.12206</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-TVHFJGTD-R/fulltext.pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000861</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000861</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius</title><author><name sortKey="Jori, F" sort="Jori, F" uniqKey="Jori F" first="F." last="Jori">F. Jori</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>F. Jori. UPR AGIRs, CIRAD ES, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002 South Africa. Tel: +012 420 20 16; Fax: +012 420 25 34;E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: ferran.jori@cirad.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godfroid, J" sort="Godfroid, J" uniqKey="Godfroid J" first="J." last="Godfroid">J. Godfroid</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michel, A L" sort="Michel, A L" uniqKey="Michel A" first="A. L." last="Michel">A. L. Michel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Potts, A D" sort="Potts, A D" uniqKey="Potts A" first="A. D." last="Potts">A. D. Potts</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jaumally, M R" sort="Jaumally, M R" uniqKey="Jaumally M" first="M. R." last="Jaumally">M. R. Jaumally</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Veterinary Services, Reduit, Mauritius</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sauzier, J" sort="Sauzier, J" uniqKey="Sauzier J" first="J." last="Sauzier">J. Sauzier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Mauritius Deer Farming Cooperative Society Ltd, Curepipe, Mauritius</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roger, M" sort="Roger, M" uniqKey="Roger M" first="M." last="Roger">M. Roger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre de Recherche et de veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Transboundary and Emerging Diseases</title><title level="j" type="sub">Emerging and Re‐Emerging Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries. Guest Editors: Dr Muhammad Munir and Prof Mikael Berg.</title><title level="j" type="alt">TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES</title><idno type="ISSN">1865-1674</idno><idno type="eISSN">1865-1682</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">61</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">s1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="31">31</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="42">42</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">12</biblScope><date type="published" when="2014-08">2014-08</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1865-1674</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1865-1674</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">A population of approximately 70 000 rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa) represents the most important mammal species reared for food on the island of Mauritius, being the main source of red meat for the local population. However, very limited information is available on the circulation of pathogens affecting the productivity and health of this species. To produce baseline data on the circulation of infectious pathogens in rusa deer under production, a serological survey and/or direct pathogen detection for six selected infectious diseases was undertaken in 2007 in a sample of 53% of the herds reared in semi‐free‐ranging conditions in hunting estates. Seropositive results were recorded for Johne's disease with an indirect ELISA test (1.7%, n = 351), heartwater with an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (95.5%, n = 178) and leptospirosis with a Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (25.9%, n = 363). Significant associations were found between seroprevalence to some of the leptospiral serogroups detected (Tarassovi, Pomona, Sejroe and Mini) and age of the animals, animal density or location of the estates (being more prevalent in hotter and more humid areas). In addition, Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were confirmed in two deer carcasses by culture and PCR, respectively. No antibodies against Brucella spp. nor Rift Valley Fever virus were detected with the use of respective indirect ELISA's. The results obtained suggest that the population of rusa deer from Mauritius is exposed to a wide range of pathogens which may affect their productivity. In addition, the results highlight the potential public health risks incurred by deer industry workers and consumers. This survey fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the health of tropical deer meat in Mauritius and justifies the need to implement more regular surveys of selected pathogens in the deer population.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>mauritius</json:string><json:string>rusa</json:string><json:string>rusa deer</json:string><json:string>heartwater</json:string><json:string>pathogen</json:string><json:string>jori</json:string><json:string>leptospirosis</json:string><json:string>elisa</json:string><json:string>paratuberculosis</json:string><json:string>mycobacterium</json:string><json:string>zoonosis</json:string><json:string>deer population</json:string><json:string>avium</json:string><json:string>bovis</json:string><json:string>cervus</json:string><json:string>pomona</json:string><json:string>transboundary</json:string><json:string>tarassovi</json:string><json:string>blackwell verlag gmbh 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potential</json:string><json:string>veterinary service</json:string><json:string>boophilus microplus</json:string><json:string>veterinary tropical disease</json:string><json:string>tayassu tajacu</json:string><json:string>high number</json:string><json:string>terrestrial animal</json:string><json:string>office international</json:string><json:string>livestock production</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>F. Jori</name><affiliations><json:string>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</json:string><json:string>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</json:string><json:string>Department of Animal Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana</json:string><json:string>F. Jori. UPR AGIRs, CIRAD ES, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002 South Africa. Tel: +012 420 20 16; Fax: +012 420 25 34;E‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: ferran.jori@cirad.fr</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. Godfroid</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø, Norway</json:string><json:string>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A. L. Michel</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</json:string><json:string>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A. D. Potts</name><affiliations><json:string>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. R. Jaumally</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Veterinary Services, Reduit, Mauritius</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. Sauzier</name><affiliations><json:string>Mauritius Deer Farming Cooperative Society Ltd, Curepipe, Mauritius</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Roger</name><affiliations><json:string>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</json:string><json:string>Centre de Recherche et de veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>rusa deer</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Mauritius</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>leptospirosis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>tuberculosis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Johne's disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>heartwater</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Ehrlichia ruminantium</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Brucella spp</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>TBED12206</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-TVHFJGTD-R</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>A population of approximately 70 000 rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa) represents the most important mammal species reared for food on the island of Mauritius, being the main source of red meat for the local population. However, very limited information is available on the circulation of pathogens affecting the productivity and health of this species. To produce baseline data on the circulation of infectious pathogens in rusa deer under production, a serological survey and/or direct pathogen detection for six selected infectious diseases was undertaken in 2007 in a sample of 53% of the herds reared in semi‐free‐ranging conditions in hunting estates. Seropositive results were recorded for Johne's disease with an indirect ELISA test (1.7%, n = 351), heartwater with an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (95.5%, n = 178) and leptospirosis with a Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (25.9%, n = 363). Significant associations were found between seroprevalence to some of the leptospiral serogroups detected (Tarassovi, Pomona, Sejroe and Mini) and age of the animals, animal density or location of the estates (being more prevalent in hotter and more humid areas). In addition, Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were confirmed in two deer carcasses by culture and PCR, respectively. No antibodies against Brucella spp. nor Rift Valley Fever virus were detected with the use of respective indirect ELISA's. The results obtained suggest that the population of rusa deer from Mauritius is exposed to a wide range of pathogens which may affect their productivity. In addition, the results highlight the potential public health risks incurred by deer industry workers and consumers. This survey fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the health of tropical deer meat in Mauritius and justifies the need to implement more regular surveys of selected pathogens in the deer population.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>10</score><pdfWordCount>8214</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>51566</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><pdfWordsPerPage>685</pdfWordsPerPage><pdfText>true</pdfText><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>287</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1926</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>8</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Transboundary and Emerging Diseases</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1865-1682</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>1865-1674</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1865-1682</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>TBED</json:string></publisherId><volume>61</volume><issue>s1</issue><pages><first>31</first><last>42</last><total>12</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Original Article</value></json:item><json:item><value>Emerging and Re‐Emerging Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries. Guest Editors: Dr Muhammad Munir and Prof Mikael Berg. 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<address><settlement>Montpellier</settlement>
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<orgName type="institution">University of Pretoria</orgName>
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<orgName type="institution">ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute</orgName>
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<country key="ZA" xml:lang="en">SOUTH AFRICA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">M. R.</forename><surname>Jaumally</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="division">Division of Veterinary Services</orgName>
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<address><settlement>Sainte Clotilde</settlement>
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<title type="specialIssueTitle">Emerging and Re‐Emerging Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries. Guest Editors: Dr Muhammad Munir and Prof Mikael Berg.</title>
</titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="61">61</numbering><numbering type="supplement">s1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2014-08">August 2014</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="50" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/tbed.12206</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="TBED12206"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="12" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Emerging and Re‐Emerging Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries. Guest Editors: Dr Muhammad Munir and Prof Mikael Berg. The Society for Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Wiley have published this supplement with financial support from Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agriculture, Uppsala Sweden, and Avian Viral Diseases programme, The Pirbright Institute, UK.</title><title type="tocHeading2">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2013 Blackwell Verlag GmbH</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2013-07-16" type="manuscriptReceived"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2013-12-05" type="xmlCreated"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2014-08-26" type="xmlCorrected"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2013-12-30"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2014-08-19"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2013-12-30"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-06"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">31</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">42</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line><b>Correspondence:</b> </line><line>F. Jori. UPR AGIRs, CIRAD ES, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002 South Africa. Tel: +012 420 20 16; Fax: +012 420 25 34;E‐mail:<email>ferran.jori@cirad.fr</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:TBED.TBED12206.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (<i>Cervus timorensis rusa</i>) from Mauritius</title><title type="shortAuthors">F. Jori et al.</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0001 #tbed12206-aff-0002 #tbed12206-aff-0003" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>F.</givenNames> <familyName>Jori</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0004 #tbed12206-aff-0005" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames> <familyName>Godfroid</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0005 #tbed12206-aff-0006" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>A. L.</givenNames> <familyName>Michel</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0006" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>A. D.</givenNames> <familyName>Potts</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0007" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>M. R.</givenNames> <familyName>Jaumally</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0008" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0006"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames> <familyName>Sauzier</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tbed12206-aff-0001 #tbed12206-aff-0009" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tbed12206-cr-0007"><personName><givenNames>M.</givenNames> <familyName>Roger</familyName> </personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs)</orgDiv> <orgName>International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD)</orgName> <address><city>Montpellier</city> <country>France</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="ZA" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0002"><orgName>Mammal Research Institute</orgName> <orgDiv>Department of Zoology and Entomology</orgDiv> <orgName>University of Pretoria</orgName> <address><city>Pretoria</city> <country>South Africa</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="BW" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0003"><orgDiv>Department of Animal Science and Production</orgDiv> <orgName>Botswana College of Agriculture</orgName> <address><city>Gaborone</city> <country>Botswana</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="NO" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0004"><orgDiv>Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology</orgDiv> <orgName>Norwegian School of Veterinary Science</orgName> <address><city>Tromsø</city> <country>Norway</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="ZA" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0005"><orgDiv>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Faculty of Veterinary Science</orgDiv> <orgName>University of Pretoria</orgName> <address><city>Pretoria</city> <country>South Africa</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="ZA" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0006"><orgDiv>Bacteriology Section</orgDiv> <orgName>ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute</orgName> <address><city>Pretoria</city> <country>South Africa</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="MU" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0007"><orgDiv>Division of Veterinary Services</orgDiv> <address><city>Reduit</city> <country>Mauritius</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="MU" type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0008"><orgDiv>Mauritius Deer Farming Cooperative Society Ltd</orgDiv> <address><city>Curepipe</city> <country>Mauritius</country></address></affiliation><affiliation type="organization" xml:id="tbed12206-aff-0009"><orgName>Centre de Recherche et de veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI)</orgName> <address><city>Sainte Clotilde</city> <country>La Réunion</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0001">rusa deer</keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0002">Mauritius</keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0003">leptospirosis</keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0004">tuberculosis</keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0005">Johne's disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0006">heartwater</keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0007"><i>Ehrlichia ruminantium</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="tbed12206-kwd-0008"><i>Brucella</i> spp</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>French Ministry of Foreign Affairs</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="tbed12206-abs-0001"><title type="main">Summary</title><p>A population of approximately 70 000 rusa deer (<i>Cervus timorensis russa</i>) represents the most important mammal species reared for food on the island of Mauritius, being the main source of red meat for the local population. However, very limited information is available on the circulation of pathogens affecting the productivity and health of this species. To produce baseline data on the circulation of infectious pathogens in rusa deer under production, a serological survey and/or direct pathogen detection for six selected infectious diseases was undertaken in 2007 in a sample of 53% of the herds reared in semi‐free‐ranging conditions in hunting estates. Seropositive results were recorded for Johne's disease with an indirect <fc>ELISA</fc> test (1.7%, <i>n </i>=<i> </i>351), heartwater with an immunofluorescence antibody test (<fc>IFAT</fc>) (95.5%, <i>n </i>=<i> </i>178) and leptospirosis with a Microscopic Agglutination Test (<fc>MAT</fc>) (25.9%, <i>n </i>=<i> </i>363). Significant associations were found between seroprevalence to some of the leptospiral serogroups detected (Tarassovi, Pomona, Sejroe and Mini) and age of the animals, animal density or location of the estates (being more prevalent in hotter and more humid areas). In addition, <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> and <i>M. avium</i> subspecies <i>paratuberculosis</i> were confirmed in two deer carcasses by culture and <fc>PCR</fc>, respectively. No antibodies against <i>Brucella</i> spp. nor Rift Valley Fever virus were detected with the use of respective indirect <fc>ELISA</fc>'s. The results obtained suggest that the population of rusa deer from Mauritius is exposed to a wide range of pathogens which may affect their productivity. In addition, the results highlight the potential public health risks incurred by deer industry workers and consumers. This survey fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the health of tropical deer meat in Mauritius and justifies the need to implement more regular surveys of selected pathogens in the deer population.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jori</namePart><affiliation>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Animal Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana</affiliation><affiliation>F. Jori. UPR AGIRs, CIRAD ES, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002 South Africa. Tel: +012 420 20 16; Fax: +012 420 25 34;E‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: ferran.jori@cirad.fr</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Godfroid</namePart><affiliation>Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø, Norway</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A. L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Michel</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</affiliation><affiliation>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A. D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Potts</namePart><affiliation>Bacteriology Section, ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M. R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jaumally</namePart><affiliation>Division of Veterinary Services, Reduit, Mauritius</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sauzier</namePart><affiliation>Mauritius Deer Farming Cooperative Society Ltd, Curepipe, Mauritius</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Roger</namePart><affiliation>Integrated Animal Risk Management Unit (AGIRs), International Agricultural Research Centre for Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France</affiliation><affiliation>Centre de Recherche et de veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2014-08</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2013-12-05</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2013-07-16</dateCaptured><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2014</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>A population of approximately 70 000 rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa) represents the most important mammal species reared for food on the island of Mauritius, being the main source of red meat for the local population. However, very limited information is available on the circulation of pathogens affecting the productivity and health of this species. To produce baseline data on the circulation of infectious pathogens in rusa deer under production, a serological survey and/or direct pathogen detection for six selected infectious diseases was undertaken in 2007 in a sample of 53% of the herds reared in semi‐free‐ranging conditions in hunting estates. Seropositive results were recorded for Johne's disease with an indirect ELISA test (1.7%, n = 351), heartwater with an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (95.5%, n = 178) and leptospirosis with a Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (25.9%, n = 363). Significant associations were found between seroprevalence to some of the leptospiral serogroups detected (Tarassovi, Pomona, Sejroe and Mini) and age of the animals, animal density or location of the estates (being more prevalent in hotter and more humid areas). In addition, Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were confirmed in two deer carcasses by culture and PCR, respectively. No antibodies against Brucella spp. nor Rift Valley Fever virus were detected with the use of respective indirect ELISA's. The results obtained suggest that the population of rusa deer from Mauritius is exposed to a wide range of pathogens which may affect their productivity. In addition, the results highlight the potential public health risks incurred by deer industry workers and consumers. This survey fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the health of tropical deer meat in Mauritius and justifies the need to implement more regular surveys of selected pathogens in the deer population.</abstract><note type="funding">French Ministry of Foreign Affairs</note><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>rusa deer</topic><topic>Mauritius</topic><topic>leptospirosis</topic><topic>tuberculosis</topic><topic>Johne's disease</topic><topic>heartwater</topic><topic>Ehrlichia ruminantium</topic><topic>Brucella spp</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Transboundary and Emerging Diseases</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Transbound Emerg Dis</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Emerging and Re‐Emerging Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries. Guest Editors: Dr Muhammad Munir and Prof Mikael Berg. The Society for Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Wiley have published this supplement with financial support from Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agriculture, Uppsala Sweden, and Avian Viral Diseases programme, The Pirbright Institute, UK.</topic><topic>Original Articles</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1865-1674</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1865-1682</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1865-1682</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">TBED</identifier><part><date>2014</date><detail type="title"><title>Emerging and Re‐Emerging Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries. 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