Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients
Identifieur interne : 000622 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000621; suivant : 000623Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients
Auteurs : D. Vu ; T. Shah ; J. Ansari ; P. Sakharkar ; Q. Yasir ; R. Naraghi ; I. Hutchinson ; D. MinSource :
- Transplant Infectious Disease [ 1398-2273 ] ; 2014-10.
Abstract
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of viral infection, causing morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) have been shown to possess antiviral properties, and their polymorphisms are associated with disease outcome. The aim was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms in IL‐10, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α with CMV infection in RTRs. Methods: IL‐10 −1082 A>G, −592 A>C; TNF‐α −308 A>G; and IFN‐γ +874 A>T gene polymorphisms were studied in 247 Hispanic RTRs (52 RTRs with CMV infection and 195 without CMV infection), using DNA‐based polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers and restriction. Results: Median time to CMV infection was 8 months, with a mean peak CMV viral load of 25,314 copies/mL. Patients with donor‐positive/recipient‐negative (D+/R−) serostatus were found to be associated with a high risk of CMV infection (P = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between IFN‐γ +874 A>T polymorphism and the risk of CMV infection. The IFN‐γ +874 AA genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold increased risk for the CMV‐infected group compared to the non‐CMV group (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–9.34, P = 0.01). The association was independently significant in multiple logistic regression (P = 0.01), along with serologic status D+/R−, acute rejection, and anti‐thymocyte globulin induction. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies of TNF‐α and IL‐10 did not significantly differ between the CMV‐infection group and the control group. Individuals with IFN‐γ +874 AT and AA genotypes exhibited higher risk of allograft loss. Conclusion: This study suggested that RTRs with variant homozygous IFN‐γ AA genotype were at risk of CMV infection, whereas the high producer IFN‐γ +874 TT genotype appears to be associated with lower risk of CMV infection.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/tid.12285
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title><author><name sortKey="Vu, D" sort="Vu, D" uniqKey="Vu D" first="D." last="Vu">D. Vu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, T" sort="Shah, T" uniqKey="Shah T" first="T." last="Shah">T. Shah</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansari, J" sort="Ansari, J" uniqKey="Ansari J" first="J." last="Ansari">J. Ansari</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, California, Pomona, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakharkar, P" sort="Sakharkar, P" uniqKey="Sakharkar P" first="P." last="Sakharkar">P. Sakharkar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yasir, Q" sort="Yasir, Q" uniqKey="Yasir Q" first="Q." last="Yasir">Q. Yasir</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naraghi, R" sort="Naraghi, R" uniqKey="Naraghi R" first="R." last="Naraghi">R. Naraghi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hutchinson, I" sort="Hutchinson, I" uniqKey="Hutchinson I" first="I." last="Hutchinson">I. Hutchinson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Min, D" sort="Min, D" uniqKey="Min D" first="D." last="Min">D. Min</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:CE601EA00FEC6453E4ADFC7EAD20DCDF930FDBC5</idno><date when="2014" year="2014">2014</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/tid.12285</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G/fulltext.pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000622</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000622</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title><author><name sortKey="Vu, D" sort="Vu, D" uniqKey="Vu D" first="D." last="Vu">D. Vu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, T" sort="Shah, T" uniqKey="Shah T" first="T." last="Shah">T. Shah</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansari, J" sort="Ansari, J" uniqKey="Ansari J" first="J." last="Ansari">J. Ansari</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, California, Pomona, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakharkar, P" sort="Sakharkar, P" uniqKey="Sakharkar P" first="P." last="Sakharkar">P. Sakharkar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yasir, Q" sort="Yasir, Q" uniqKey="Yasir Q" first="Q." last="Yasir">Q. Yasir</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naraghi, R" sort="Naraghi, R" uniqKey="Naraghi R" first="R." last="Naraghi">R. Naraghi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hutchinson, I" sort="Hutchinson, I" uniqKey="Hutchinson I" first="I." last="Hutchinson">I. Hutchinson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Min, D" sort="Min, D" uniqKey="Min D" first="D." last="Min">D. Min</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Transplant Infectious Disease</title><title level="j" type="alt">TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE</title><idno type="ISSN">1398-2273</idno><idno type="eISSN">1399-3062</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">16</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="724">724</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="732">732</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">9</biblScope><date type="published" when="2014-10">2014-10</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1398-2273</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1398-2273</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of viral infection, causing morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) have been shown to possess antiviral properties, and their polymorphisms are associated with disease outcome. The aim was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms in IL‐10, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α with CMV infection in RTRs. Methods: IL‐10 −1082 A>G, −592 A>C; TNF‐α −308 A>G; and IFN‐γ +874 A>T gene polymorphisms were studied in 247 Hispanic RTRs (52 RTRs with CMV infection and 195 without CMV infection), using DNA‐based polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers and restriction. Results: Median time to CMV infection was 8 months, with a mean peak CMV viral load of 25,314 copies/mL. Patients with donor‐positive/recipient‐negative (D+/R−) serostatus were found to be associated with a high risk of CMV infection (P = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between IFN‐γ +874 A>T polymorphism and the risk of CMV infection. The IFN‐γ +874 AA genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold increased risk for the CMV‐infected group compared to the non‐CMV group (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–9.34, P = 0.01). The association was independently significant in multiple logistic regression (P = 0.01), along with serologic status D+/R−, acute rejection, and anti‐thymocyte globulin induction. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies of TNF‐α and IL‐10 did not significantly differ between the CMV‐infection group and the control group. Individuals with IFN‐γ +874 AT and AA genotypes exhibited higher risk of allograft loss. Conclusion: This study suggested that RTRs with variant homozygous IFN‐γ AA genotype were at risk of CMV infection, whereas the high producer IFN‐γ +874 TT genotype appears to be associated with lower risk of CMV infection.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>D. Vu</name><affiliations><json:string>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</json:string><json:string>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</json:string><json:string>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</json:string><json:string>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</json:string><json:string>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. Shah</name><affiliations><json:string>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</json:string><json:string>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</json:string><json:string>St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</json:string><json:string>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. Ansari</name><affiliations><json:string>Western University of Health Sciences, California, Pomona, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. Sakharkar</name><affiliations><json:string>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Q. Yasir</name><affiliations><json:string>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R. Naraghi</name><affiliations><json:string>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</json:string><json:string>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>I. Hutchinson</name><affiliations><json:string>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</json:string><json:string>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>D. Min</name><affiliations><json:string>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</json:string><json:string>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</json:string><json:string>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cytomegalovirus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>kidney allograft</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>gene polymorphism</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>interferon gamma</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Hispanic patients</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>TID12285</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of viral infection, causing morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) have been shown to possess antiviral properties, and their polymorphisms are associated with disease outcome. The aim was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms in IL‐10, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α with CMV infection in RTRs. Methods: IL‐10 −1082 A>G, −592 A>C; TNF‐α −308 A>G; and IFN‐γ +874 A>T gene polymorphisms were studied in 247 Hispanic RTRs (52 RTRs with CMV infection and 195 without CMV infection), using DNA‐based polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers and restriction. Results: Median time to CMV infection was 8 months, with a mean peak CMV viral load of 25,314 copies/mL. Patients with donor‐positive/recipient‐negative (D+/R−) serostatus were found to be associated with a high risk of CMV infection (P = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between IFN‐γ +874 A>T polymorphism and the risk of CMV infection. The IFN‐γ +874 AA genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold increased risk for the CMV‐infected group compared to the non‐CMV group (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–9.34, P = 0.01). The association was independently significant in multiple logistic regression (P = 0.01), along with serologic status D+/R−, acute rejection, and anti‐thymocyte globulin induction. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies of TNF‐α and IL‐10 did not significantly differ between the CMV‐infection group and the control group. Individuals with IFN‐γ +874 AT and AA genotypes exhibited higher risk of allograft loss. Conclusion: This study suggested that RTRs with variant homozygous IFN‐γ AA genotype were at risk of CMV infection, whereas the high producer IFN‐γ +874 TT genotype appears to be associated with lower risk of CMV infection.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.991</score><pdfWordCount>4991</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>32206</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>9</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><pdfWordsPerPage>555</pdfWordsPerPage><pdfText>true</pdfText><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>282</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1967</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>5</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Transplant Infectious Disease</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3062</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>1398-2273</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1399-3062</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>TID</json:string></publisherId><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><pages><first>724</first><last>732</last><total>9</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Original Report</value></json:item><json:item><value>Original reports</value></json:item></subject></host><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - transplantation</json:string><json:string>2 - infectious diseases</json:string><json:string>2 - immunology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - surgery</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Infectious Diseases</json:string><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Transplantation</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences medicales</json:string><json:string>4 - anesthesie. reanimation. transfusion. therapie cellulaire et therapie genique</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2014</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2014</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/tid.12285</json:string></doi><id>CE601EA00FEC6453E4ADFC7EAD20DCDF930FDBC5</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G/fulltext.pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G/bundle.zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher ref="https://scientific-publisher.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/H02-QW5Q88H5-V">Wiley Publishing Ltd</publisher><availability><licence>© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 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<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Western University of Health Sciences</orgName>
<address><settlement>Pomona</settlement>
<region>California</region>
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<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName type="institution">St. Vincent Medical Center</orgName>
<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">T.</forename><surname>Shah</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Western University of Health Sciences</orgName>
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<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName type="institution">St. Vincent Medical Center</orgName>
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<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
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<address><settlement>Schaumburg</settlement>
<region>Illinois</region>
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<region>Illinois</region>
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<region>California</region>
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<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">I.</forename><surname>Hutchinson</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Mendez National Institute of Transplantation</orgName>
<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName type="institution">University of Southern California</orgName>
<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">D.</forename><surname>Min</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Western University of Health Sciences</orgName>
<address><settlement>Pomona</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName type="institution">St. Vincent Medical Center</orgName>
<address><settlement>Los Angeles</settlement>
<region>California</region>
<country key="US" xml:lang="en">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">CE601EA00FEC6453E4ADFC7EAD20DCDF930FDBC5</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/tid.12285</idno><idno type="unit">TID12285</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:TID.TID12285.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Transplant Infectious Disease</title><title level="j" type="alt">TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE</title><idno type="pISSN">1398-2273</idno><idno type="eISSN">1399-3062</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3062</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/tid.2014.16.issue-5</idno><idno type="product">TID</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">16</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="724">724</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="732">732</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">9</biblScope><date type="published" when="2014-10"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><encodingDesc><schemaRef type="ODD" url="https://xml-schema.delivery.istex.fr/tei-istex.odd"></schemaRef><appInfo><application ident="pub2tei" version="1.0.10" when="2019-12-20"><label>pub2TEI-ISTEX</label><desc>A set of style sheets for converting XML documents encoded in various scientific publisher formats into a common TEI format.
<ref target="http://www.tei-c.org/">We use TEI</ref></desc></application></appInfo></encodingDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main" xml:id="tid12285-abs-0001"><head>Abstract</head><head>Background</head><p>Cytomegalovirus (<hi rend="fc">CMV</hi>) is the most common cause of viral infection, causing morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipients (<hi rend="fc">RTR</hi>s). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (<hi rend="fc">TNF</hi>‐α), interleukin‐10 (<hi rend="fc">IL</hi>‐10), and interferon‐gamma (<hi rend="fc">IFN</hi>‐γ) have been shown to possess antiviral properties, and their polymorphisms are associated with disease outcome. The aim was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms in <hi rend="fc">IL</hi>‐10, <hi rend="fc">IFN</hi>‐γ, and <hi rend="fc">TNF</hi>‐α with <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> infection in <hi rend="fc">RTR</hi>s.</p><head>Methods</head><p><hi rend="fc">IL</hi>‐10 −1082 A>G, −592 A>C; <hi rend="fc">TNF</hi>‐α −308 A>G; and <hi rend="fc">IFN</hi>‐γ +874 A>T gene polymorphisms were studied in 247 Hispanic <hi rend="fc">RTR</hi>s (52 <hi rend="fc">RTR</hi>s with <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> infection and 195 without <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> infection), using <hi rend="fc">DNA</hi>‐based polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers and restriction.</p><head>Results</head><p>Median time to CMV infection was 8 months, with a mean peak CMV viral load of 25,314 copies/<hi rend="fc">mL</hi>. Patients with donor‐positive/recipient‐negative (D+/R−) serostatus were found to be associated with a high risk of <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> infection (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between IFN‐γ +874 A>T polymorphism and the risk of CMV infection. The IFN‐γ +874 AA genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold increased risk for the <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi>‐infected group compared to the non‐<hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> group (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–9.34, <hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.01). The association was independently significant in multiple logistic regression (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.01), along with serologic status D+/R−, acute rejection, and anti‐thymocyte globulin induction. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies of <hi rend="fc">TNF</hi>‐α and <hi rend="fc">IL</hi>‐10 did not significantly differ between the <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi>‐infection group and the control group. Individuals with <hi rend="fc">IFN</hi>‐γ +874 AT and AA genotypes exhibited higher risk of allograft loss.</p><head>Conclusion</head><p>This study suggested that <hi rend="fc">RTR</hi>s with variant homozygous <hi rend="fc">IFN</hi>‐γ <hi rend="fc">AA</hi> genotype were at risk of <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> infection, whereas the high producer <hi rend="fc">IFN</hi>‐γ +874 <hi rend="fc">TT</hi> genotype appears to be associated with lower risk of <hi rend="fc">CMV</hi> infection.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0001">cytomegalovirus</term><term xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0002">kidney allograft</term><term xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0003">gene polymorphism</term><term xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0004">interferon gamma</term><term xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0005">Hispanic patients</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Original Report</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Original reports</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-M68BN5H9-G/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="tid12285" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3062</doi><issn type="print">1398-2273</issn><issn type="electronic">1399-3062</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="TID"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE" type="main">Transplant Infectious Disease</title><title type="short">Transpl Infect Dis</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="50"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/tid.2014.16.issue-5</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="16">16</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">5</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2014-10">October 2014</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="40" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/tid.12285</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="TID12285"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="9" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Original Report</title><title type="tocHeading1">Original reports</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2013-10-03" type="manuscriptReceived"></event><event date="2014-04-25" type="manuscriptRevised"></event><event date="2014-06-21" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2014-08-06" type="xmlCreated"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2014-09-11"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2014-09-11"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2014-10-09"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-07"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">724</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">732</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line>Correspondence to:</line><line>David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA</line><line>Tel: 1 (909) 469‐5602</line><line>Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539</line><line>E‐mail: <email>dmin@westernu.edu</email></line><line>(or)</line><line>Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA</line><line>Tel: 1 (714) 548‐4372</line><line>Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872</line><line>E‐mail: <email>donduyvu@yahoo.com</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><selfCitationGroup><citation type="self" xml:id="tid12285-cit-1001"><author><givenNames>D.</givenNames> <familyName>Vu</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>T.</givenNames> <familyName>Shah</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>J.</givenNames> <familyName>Ansari</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>P.</givenNames> <familyName>Sakharkar</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>Q.</givenNames> <familyName>Yasir</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>R.</givenNames> <familyName>Naraghi</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>I.</givenNames> <familyName>Hutchinson</familyName></author>, <author><givenNames>D.</givenNames> <familyName>Min</familyName></author>. <articleTitle>Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</articleTitle>. <journalTitle>Transpl Infect Dis</journalTitle> <pubYear year="2014">2014</pubYear>: <vol>16</vol>: <pageFirst>724</pageFirst>–<pageLast>732</pageLast>. All rights reserved</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:TID.TID12285.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title><title type="shortAuthors">Vu et al</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0001 #tid12285-aff-0002 #tid12285-aff-0003 #tid12285-aff-0004" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>D.</givenNames> <familyName>Vu</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0002 #tid12285-aff-0003 #tid12285-aff-0004 #tid12285-aff-0005" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>T.</givenNames> <familyName>Shah</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames> <familyName>Ansari</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0006" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>P.</givenNames> <familyName>Sakharkar</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0006" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>Q.</givenNames> <familyName>Yasir</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0003 #tid12285-aff-0004" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0006"><personName><givenNames>R.</givenNames> <familyName>Naraghi</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0001 #tid12285-aff-0005" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0007"><personName><givenNames>I.</givenNames> <familyName>Hutchinson</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#tid12285-aff-0002 #tid12285-aff-0004" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="tid12285-cr-0008"><personName><givenNames>D.</givenNames> <familyName>Min</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="tid12285-aff-0001"><orgName>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation</orgName> <address><city>Los Angeles</city> <countryPart>California</countryPart> <country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="tid12285-aff-0002"><orgName>Western University of Health Sciences</orgName> <address><city>Pomona</city> <countryPart>California</countryPart> <country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="tid12285-aff-0003"><orgName>Transplant Research Institute</orgName> <address><city>Los Angeles</city> <countryPart>California</countryPart> <country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="tid12285-aff-0004"><orgName>St. Vincent Medical Center</orgName> <address><city>Los Angeles</city> <countryPart>California</countryPart> <country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="tid12285-aff-0005"><orgName>University of Southern California</orgName> <address><city>Los Angeles</city> <countryPart>California</countryPart> <country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="tid12285-aff-0006"><orgName>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy</orgName> <address><city>Schaumburg</city> <countryPart>Illinois</countryPart> <country>USA</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0001">cytomegalovirus</keyword><keyword xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0002">kidney allograft</keyword><keyword xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0003">gene polymorphism</keyword><keyword xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0004">interferon gamma</keyword><keyword xml:id="tid12285-kwd-0005">Hispanic patients</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="tid12285-abs-0001"><title type="main">Abstract</title><section xml:id="tid12285-sec-0001"><title type="main">Background</title><p>Cytomegalovirus (<fc>CMV</fc>) is the most common cause of viral infection, causing morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipients (<fc>RTR</fc>s). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (<fc>TNF</fc>‐α), interleukin‐10 (<fc>IL</fc>‐10), and interferon‐gamma (<fc>IFN</fc>‐γ) have been shown to possess antiviral properties, and their polymorphisms are associated with disease outcome. The aim was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms in <fc>IL</fc>‐10, <fc>IFN</fc>‐γ, and <fc>TNF</fc>‐α with <fc>CMV</fc> infection in <fc>RTR</fc>s.</p></section><section xml:id="tid12285-sec-0002"><title type="main">Methods</title><p><fc>IL</fc>‐10 −1082 A>G, −592 A>C; <fc>TNF</fc>‐α −308 A>G; and <fc>IFN</fc>‐γ +874 A>T gene polymorphisms were studied in 247 Hispanic <fc>RTR</fc>s (52 <fc>RTR</fc>s with <fc>CMV</fc> infection and 195 without <fc>CMV</fc> infection), using <fc>DNA</fc>‐based polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers and restriction.</p></section><section xml:id="tid12285-sec-0003"><title type="main">Results</title><p>Median time to CMV infection was 8 months, with a mean peak CMV viral load of 25,314 copies/<fc>mL</fc>. Patients with donor‐positive/recipient‐negative (D+/R−) serostatus were found to be associated with a high risk of <fc>CMV</fc> infection (<i>P</i> = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between IFN‐γ +874 A>T polymorphism and the risk of CMV infection. The IFN‐γ +874 AA genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold increased risk for the <fc>CMV</fc>‐infected group compared to the non‐<fc>CMV</fc> group (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–9.34, <i>P</i> = 0.01). The association was independently significant in multiple logistic regression (<i>P</i> = 0.01), along with serologic status D+/R−, acute rejection, and anti‐thymocyte globulin induction. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies of <fc>TNF</fc>‐α and <fc>IL</fc>‐10 did not significantly differ between the <fc>CMV</fc>‐infection group and the control group. Individuals with <fc>IFN</fc>‐γ +874 AT and AA genotypes exhibited higher risk of allograft loss.</p></section><section xml:id="tid12285-sec-0004"><title type="main">Conclusion</title><p>This study suggested that <fc>RTR</fc>s with variant homozygous <fc>IFN</fc>‐γ <fc>AA</fc> genotype were at risk of <fc>CMV</fc> infection, whereas the high producer <fc>IFN</fc>‐γ +874 <fc>TT</fc> genotype appears to be associated with lower risk of <fc>CMV</fc> infection.</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Vu</namePart><affiliation>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Shah</namePart><affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ansari</namePart><affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, California, Pomona, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sakharkar</namePart><affiliation>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Q.</namePart><namePart type="family">Yasir</namePart><affiliation>Roosevelt University College of Pharmacy, Illinois, Schaumburg, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Naraghi</namePart><affiliation>Transplant Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hutchinson</namePart><affiliation>Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Min</namePart><affiliation>Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>St. Vincent Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence to:David Min, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USATel: 1 (909) 469‐5602Fax: 1 (909) 469‐5539E‐mail: (or)Don Vu, Transplant Research Institute, 2200 West Third Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USATel: 1 (714) 548‐4372Fax: 1 (213) 384‐4872E‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: dmin@westernu.edudonduyvu@yahoo.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2014-10</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2014-08-06</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2013-10-03</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2014-06-21</dateValid><edition>D. Vu, T. Shah, J. Ansari, P. Sakharkar, Q. Yasir, R. Naraghi, I. Hutchinson, D. Min. Interferon‐gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus infection among Hispanic renal transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2014: 16: 724–732. All rights reserved</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2014</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of viral infection, causing morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) have been shown to possess antiviral properties, and their polymorphisms are associated with disease outcome. The aim was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms in IL‐10, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α with CMV infection in RTRs. Methods: IL‐10 −1082 A>G, −592 A>C; TNF‐α −308 A>G; and IFN‐γ +874 A>T gene polymorphisms were studied in 247 Hispanic RTRs (52 RTRs with CMV infection and 195 without CMV infection), using DNA‐based polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers and restriction. Results: Median time to CMV infection was 8 months, with a mean peak CMV viral load of 25,314 copies/mL. Patients with donor‐positive/recipient‐negative (D+/R−) serostatus were found to be associated with a high risk of CMV infection (P = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between IFN‐γ +874 A>T polymorphism and the risk of CMV infection. The IFN‐γ +874 AA genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold increased risk for the CMV‐infected group compared to the non‐CMV group (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–9.34, P = 0.01). The association was independently significant in multiple logistic regression (P = 0.01), along with serologic status D+/R−, acute rejection, and anti‐thymocyte globulin induction. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies of TNF‐α and IL‐10 did not significantly differ between the CMV‐infection group and the control group. Individuals with IFN‐γ +874 AT and AA genotypes exhibited higher risk of allograft loss. Conclusion: This study suggested that RTRs with variant homozygous IFN‐γ AA genotype were at risk of CMV infection, whereas the high producer IFN‐γ +874 TT genotype appears to be associated with lower risk of CMV infection.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>cytomegalovirus</topic><topic>kidney allograft</topic><topic>gene polymorphism</topic><topic>interferon gamma</topic><topic>Hispanic patients</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Transplant Infectious Disease</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Transpl Infect Dis</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Report</topic><topic>Original reports</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1398-2273</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1399-3062</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3062</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">TID</identifier><part><date>2014</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>16</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>5</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>724</start><end>732</end><total>9</total></extent></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="tid12285-cit-0001"><titleInfo><title>Cytomegalovirus in renal transplantation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">DC</namePart><namePart type="family">Brennan</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Brennan DC. Cytomegalovirus in renal transplantation. 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