Relationship of socio-demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and healthcare access with early COVID-19 presentation and disease severity.
Identifieur interne : 000055 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000054; suivant : 000056Relationship of socio-demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and healthcare access with early COVID-19 presentation and disease severity.
Auteurs : Laura Vaughan ; Darlene Veruttipong ; Jonathan G. Shaw ; Noemie Levy ; Lauren Edwards ; Marcy WingetSource :
- BMC infectious diseases [ 1471-2334 ] ; 2021.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Asian Continental Ancestry Group (MeSH), COVID-19 (diagnosis), COVID-19 (epidemiology), COVID-19 (ethnology), COVID-19 Testing (MeSH), Comorbidity (MeSH), Cough (MeSH), Dyspnea (MeSH), Ethnic Groups (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Fever (MeSH), Health Services Accessibility (MeSH), Hispanic Americans (MeSH), Hospitalization (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Medicare (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Minority Groups (MeSH), Retrospective Studies (MeSH), Severity of Illness Index (MeSH), United States (MeSH).
- MESH :
- geographic : United States.
- diagnosis : COVID-19.
- epidemiology : COVID-19.
- ethnology : COVID-19.
- Adult, Aged, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, COVID-19 Testing, Comorbidity, Cough, Dyspnea, Ethnic Groups, Female, Fever, Health Services Accessibility, Hispanic Americans, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Medicare, Middle Aged, Minority Groups, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 studies are primarily from the inpatient setting, skewing towards severe disease. Race and comorbidities predict hospitalization, however, ambulatory presentation of milder COVID-19 disease and characteristics associated with progression to severe disease is not well-understood.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective chart review including all COVID-19 positive cases from Stanford Health Care (SHC) in March 2020 to assess demographics, comorbidities and symptoms in relationship to: 1) their access point of testing (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency room (ER)) and 2) development of severe disease.
RESULTS
Two hundred fifty-seven patients tested positive: 127 (49%), 96 (37%), and 34 (13%) at outpatient, ER and inpatient, respectively. Overall, 61% were age < 55; age > 75 was rarer in outpatient setting (11%) than ER (14%) or inpatient (24%). Most patients presented with cough (86%), fever/chills (76%), or fatigue (63%). 65% of inpatients reported shortness of breath compared to 30-32% of outpatients and ER patients. Ethnic/minority patients had a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease (Asian OR = 4.8 [1.6-14.2], Hispanic OR = 3.6 [1.1-11.9]). Medicare-insured patients were marginally more likely (OR = 4.0 [0.9-17.8]). Other factors associated with developing severe disease included kidney disease (OR = 6.1 [1.0-38.1]), cardiovascular disease (OR = 4.7 [1.0-22.1], shortness of breath (OR = 5.4 [2.3-12.6]) and GI symptoms (OR = 3.3 [1.4-7.7]; hypertension without concomitant CVD or kidney disease was marginally significant (OR = 2.3 [0.8-6.5]).
CONCLUSIONS
Early widespread symptomatic testing for COVID-19 in Silicon Valley included many less severely ill patients. Thorough manual review of symptomatology reconfirms the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms, and challenges in using clinical characteristics to predict decline. We re-demonstrate that socio-demographics are consistently associated with severity.
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05764-x
PubMed: 33421991
PubMed Central: PMC7794633
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:33421991Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Vaughan, Laura" sort="Vaughan, Laura" uniqKey="Vaughan L" first="Laura" last="Vaughan">Laura Vaughan</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Veruttipong, Darlene" sort="Veruttipong, Darlene" uniqKey="Veruttipong D" first="Darlene" last="Veruttipong">Darlene Veruttipong</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Shaw, Jonathan G" sort="Shaw, Jonathan G" uniqKey="Shaw J" first="Jonathan G" last="Shaw">Jonathan G. Shaw</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Levy, Noemie" sort="Levy, Noemie" uniqKey="Levy N" first="Noemie" last="Levy">Noemie Levy</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Edwards, Lauren" sort="Edwards, Lauren" uniqKey="Edwards L" first="Lauren" last="Edwards">Lauren Edwards</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Winget, Marcy" sort="Winget, Marcy" uniqKey="Winget M" first="Marcy" last="Winget">Marcy Winget</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Veruttipong, Darlene" sort="Veruttipong, Darlene" uniqKey="Veruttipong D" first="Darlene" last="Veruttipong">Darlene Veruttipong</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Levy, Noemie" sort="Levy, Noemie" uniqKey="Levy N" first="Noemie" last="Levy">Noemie Levy</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Winget, Marcy" sort="Winget, Marcy" uniqKey="Winget M" first="Marcy" last="Winget">Marcy Winget</name>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Asian Continental Ancestry Group (MeSH)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (diagnosis)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (epidemiology)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (ethnology)</term>
<term>COVID-19 Testing (MeSH)</term>
<term>Comorbidity (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cough (MeSH)</term>
<term>Dyspnea (MeSH)</term>
<term>Ethnic Groups (MeSH)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Fever (MeSH)</term>
<term>Health Services Accessibility (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hispanic Americans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hospitalization (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Medicare (MeSH)</term>
<term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Minority Groups (MeSH)</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Severity of Illness Index (MeSH)</term>
<term>United States (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>United States</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</term>
<term>COVID-19 Testing</term>
<term>Comorbidity</term>
<term>Cough</term>
<term>Dyspnea</term>
<term>Ethnic Groups</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Fever</term>
<term>Health Services Accessibility</term>
<term>Hispanic Americans</term>
<term>Hospitalization</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Medicare</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Minority Groups</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies</term>
<term>Severity of Illness Index</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b>
</p>
<p>COVID-19 studies are primarily from the inpatient setting, skewing towards severe disease. Race and comorbidities predict hospitalization, however, ambulatory presentation of milder COVID-19 disease and characteristics associated with progression to severe disease is not well-understood.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>We conducted a retrospective chart review including all COVID-19 positive cases from Stanford Health Care (SHC) in March 2020 to assess demographics, comorbidities and symptoms in relationship to: 1) their access point of testing (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency room (ER)) and 2) development of severe disease.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>Two hundred fifty-seven patients tested positive: 127 (49%), 96 (37%), and 34 (13%) at outpatient, ER and inpatient, respectively. Overall, 61% were age < 55; age > 75 was rarer in outpatient setting (11%) than ER (14%) or inpatient (24%). Most patients presented with cough (86%), fever/chills (76%), or fatigue (63%). 65% of inpatients reported shortness of breath compared to 30-32% of outpatients and ER patients. Ethnic/minority patients had a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease (Asian OR = 4.8 [1.6-14.2], Hispanic OR = 3.6 [1.1-11.9]). Medicare-insured patients were marginally more likely (OR = 4.0 [0.9-17.8]). Other factors associated with developing severe disease included kidney disease (OR = 6.1 [1.0-38.1]), cardiovascular disease (OR = 4.7 [1.0-22.1], shortness of breath (OR = 5.4 [2.3-12.6]) and GI symptoms (OR = 3.3 [1.4-7.7]; hypertension without concomitant CVD or kidney disease was marginally significant (OR = 2.3 [0.8-6.5]).</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>Early widespread symptomatic testing for COVID-19 in Silicon Valley included many less severely ill patients. Thorough manual review of symptomatology reconfirms the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms, and challenges in using clinical characteristics to predict decline. We re-demonstrate that socio-demographics are consistently associated with severity.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">COVID-19 studies are primarily from the inpatient setting, skewing towards severe disease. Race and comorbidities predict hospitalization, however, ambulatory presentation of milder COVID-19 disease and characteristics associated with progression to severe disease is not well-understood.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We conducted a retrospective chart review including all COVID-19 positive cases from Stanford Health Care (SHC) in March 2020 to assess demographics, comorbidities and symptoms in relationship to: 1) their access point of testing (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency room (ER)) and 2) development of severe disease.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Two hundred fifty-seven patients tested positive: 127 (49%), 96 (37%), and 34 (13%) at outpatient, ER and inpatient, respectively. Overall, 61% were age < 55; age > 75 was rarer in outpatient setting (11%) than ER (14%) or inpatient (24%). Most patients presented with cough (86%), fever/chills (76%), or fatigue (63%). 65% of inpatients reported shortness of breath compared to 30-32% of outpatients and ER patients. Ethnic/minority patients had a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease (Asian OR = 4.8 [1.6-14.2], Hispanic OR = 3.6 [1.1-11.9]). Medicare-insured patients were marginally more likely (OR = 4.0 [0.9-17.8]). Other factors associated with developing severe disease included kidney disease (OR = 6.1 [1.0-38.1]), cardiovascular disease (OR = 4.7 [1.0-22.1], shortness of breath (OR = 5.4 [2.3-12.6]) and GI symptoms (OR = 3.3 [1.4-7.7]; hypertension without concomitant CVD or kidney disease was marginally significant (OR = 2.3 [0.8-6.5]).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Early widespread symptomatic testing for COVID-19 in Silicon Valley included many less severely ill patients. Thorough manual review of symptomatology reconfirms the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms, and challenges in using clinical characteristics to predict decline. We re-demonstrate that socio-demographics are consistently associated with severity.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vaughan</LastName>
<ForeName>Laura</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Veruttipong</LastName>
<ForeName>Darlene</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shaw</LastName>
<ForeName>Jonathan G</ForeName>
<Initials>JG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Levy</LastName>
<ForeName>Noemie</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Edwards</LastName>
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<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Winget</LastName>
<ForeName>Marcy</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-280X</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. mwinget@stanford.edu.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA. mwinget@stanford.edu.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044466" MajorTopicYN="N">Asian Continental Ancestry Group</DescriptorName>
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</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004417" MajorTopicYN="N">Dyspnea</DescriptorName>
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</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005334" MajorTopicYN="N">Fever</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006297" MajorTopicYN="N">Health Services Accessibility</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006630" MajorTopicYN="N">Hispanic Americans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006760" MajorTopicYN="N">Hospitalization</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006278" MajorTopicYN="N">Medicare</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008913" MajorTopicYN="N">Minority Groups</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName>
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</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014481" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">United States</DescriptorName>
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<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Comorbidities</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Race</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Socio-demographics</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Symptoms</Keyword>
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