Descriptive epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria, 27 February-6 June 2020.
Identifieur interne : 000270 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000269; suivant : 000271Descriptive epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria, 27 February-6 June 2020.
Auteurs : K O Elimian [Nigeria] ; C L Ochu [Nigeria] ; E. Ilori [Nigeria] ; J. Oladejo [Nigeria] ; E. Igumbor [Nigeria, Afrique du Sud] ; L. Steinhardt [Nigeria] ; J. Wagai [Nigeria] ; C. Arinze [Nigeria] ; W. Ukponu [Nigeria] ; C. Obiekea [Nigeria] ; O. Aderinola [Nigeria] ; E. Crawford [Nigeria] ; A. Olayinka [Nigeria] ; C. Dan-Nwafor [Nigeria] ; T. Okwor [Nigeria] ; Y. Disu [Nigeria] ; A. Yinka-Ogunleye [Nigeria] ; N E Kanu [Nigeria] ; O A Olawepo [Nigeria] ; O. Aruna [Nigeria] ; C A Michael [Nigeria] ; L. Dunkwu [Nigeria] ; O. Ipadeola [Nigeria] ; D. Naidoo [Nigeria] ; C D Umeokonkwo [Nigeria] ; A. Matthias [Nigeria] ; O. Okunromade [Nigeria] ; S. Badaru [Nigeria] ; A. Jinadu [Nigeria] ; O. Ogunbode [Nigeria] ; A. Egwuenu [Nigeria] ; A. Jafiya [Nigeria] ; M. Dalhat [Nigeria] ; F. Saleh [Nigeria] ; G B Ebhodaghe [Nigeria] ; A. Ahumibe [Nigeria] ; R U Yashe [Nigeria] ; R. Atteh [Nigeria] ; W E Nwachukwu [Nigeria] ; C. Ezeokafor [Nigeria] ; D. Olaleye [Nigeria] ; Z. Habib [Nigeria] ; I. Abdus-Salam [Nigeria] ; E. Pembi [Nigeria] ; D. John [Nigeria] ; U J Okhuarobo [Nigeria] ; H. Assad [Nigeria] ; Y. Gandi [Nigeria] ; B. Muhammad [Nigeria] ; C. Nwagwogu [Nigeria] ; I. Nwadiuto [Nigeria] ; K. Sulaiman [Nigeria] ; I. Iwuji [Nigeria] ; A. Okeji [Nigeria] ; S. Thliza [Nigeria] ; S. Fagbemi [Nigeria] ; R. Usman [Nigeria] ; A A Mohammed [Nigeria] ; O. Adeola-Musa [Nigeria] ; M. Ishaka [Nigeria] ; U. Aketemo [Nigeria] ; K. Kamaldeen [Nigeria] ; C E Obagha [Nigeria] ; A O Akinyode [Nigeria] ; P. Nguku [Nigeria] ; N. Mba [Nigeria] ; C. Ihekweazu [Nigeria]Source :
- Epidemiology and infection [ 1469-4409 ] ; 2020.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (MeSH), Enfant (MeSH), Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH), Facteurs temps (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Infections à coronavirus (mortalité), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Nigeria (épidémiologie), Nourrisson (MeSH), Nouveau-né (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (mortalité), Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH), Études rétrospectives (MeSH).
- MESH :
- mortalité : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- épidémiologie : Infections à coronavirus, Nigeria, Pneumopathie virale.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Betacoronavirus, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Facteurs temps, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Pandémies, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Études rétrospectives.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Nigeria.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Aged, 80 and over (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (MeSH), Child (MeSH), Child, Preschool (MeSH), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (mortality), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Infant (MeSH), Infant, Newborn (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Nigeria (epidemiology), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (mortality), Retrospective Studies (MeSH), Time Factors (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Nigeria.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- mortality : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Betacoronavirus, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Young Adult.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria with a view of generating evidence to enhance planning and response strategies. A national surveillance dataset between 27 February and 6 June 2020 was retrospectively analysed, with confirmatory testing for COVID-19 done by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The primary outcomes were cumulative incidence (CI) and case fatality (CF). A total of 40 926 persons (67% of total 60 839) had complete records of RT-PCR test across 35 states and the Federal Capital Territory, 12 289 (30.0%) of whom were confirmed COVID-19 cases. Of those confirmed cases, 3467 (28.2%) had complete records of clinical outcome (alive or dead), 342 (9.9%) of which died. The overall CI and CF were 5.6 per 100 000 population and 2.8%, respectively. The highest proportion of COVID-19 cases and deaths were recorded in persons aged 31-40 years (25.5%) and 61-70 years (26.6%), respectively; and males accounted for a higher proportion of confirmed cases (65.8%) and deaths (79.0%). Sixty-six per cent of confirmed COVID-19 cases were asymptomatic at diagnosis. In conclusion, this paper has provided an insight into the early epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria, which could be useful for contextualising public health planning.
DOI: 10.1017/S095026882000206X
PubMed: 32912370
PubMed Central: PMC7506173
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Obiekea</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aderinola, O" sort="Aderinola, O" uniqKey="Aderinola O" first="O" last="Aderinola">O. Aderinola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crawford, E" sort="Crawford, E" uniqKey="Crawford E" first="E" last="Crawford">E. Crawford</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olayinka, A" sort="Olayinka, A" uniqKey="Olayinka A" first="A" last="Olayinka">A. Olayinka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>World Health Organization, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dan Nwafor, C" sort="Dan Nwafor, C" uniqKey="Dan Nwafor C" first="C" last="Dan-Nwafor">C. 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Disu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yinka Ogunleye, A" sort="Yinka Ogunleye, A" uniqKey="Yinka Ogunleye A" first="A" last="Yinka-Ogunleye">A. Yinka-Ogunleye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanu, N E" sort="Kanu, N E" uniqKey="Kanu N" first="N E" last="Kanu">N E Kanu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olawepo, O A" sort="Olawepo, O A" uniqKey="Olawepo O" first="O A" last="Olawepo">O A Olawepo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Georgetown University, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Georgetown University, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aruna, O" sort="Aruna, O" uniqKey="Aruna O" first="O" last="Aruna">O. Aruna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health England's International Health Regulations Strengthening Project, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health England's International Health Regulations Strengthening Project, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michael, C A" sort="Michael, C A" uniqKey="Michael C" first="C A" last="Michael">C A Michael</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunkwu, L" sort="Dunkwu, L" uniqKey="Dunkwu L" first="L" last="Dunkwu">L. Dunkwu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ipadeola, O" sort="Ipadeola, O" uniqKey="Ipadeola O" first="O" last="Ipadeola">O. Ipadeola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Ilorin, Ilorin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naidoo, D" sort="Naidoo, D" uniqKey="Naidoo D" first="D" last="Naidoo">D. Naidoo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>World Health Organization, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Umeokonkwo, C D" sort="Umeokonkwo, C D" uniqKey="Umeokonkwo C" first="C D" last="Umeokonkwo">C D Umeokonkwo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matthias, A" sort="Matthias, A" uniqKey="Matthias A" first="A" last="Matthias">A. Matthias</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okunromade, O" sort="Okunromade, O" uniqKey="Okunromade O" first="O" last="Okunromade">O. Okunromade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Badaru, S" sort="Badaru, S" uniqKey="Badaru S" first="S" last="Badaru">S. Badaru</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jinadu, A" sort="Jinadu, A" uniqKey="Jinadu A" first="A" last="Jinadu">A. Jinadu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogunbode, O" sort="Ogunbode, O" uniqKey="Ogunbode O" first="O" last="Ogunbode">O. Ogunbode</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Egwuenu, A" sort="Egwuenu, A" uniqKey="Egwuenu A" first="A" last="Egwuenu">A. Egwuenu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jafiya, A" sort="Jafiya, A" uniqKey="Jafiya A" first="A" last="Jafiya">A. Jafiya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dalhat, M" sort="Dalhat, M" uniqKey="Dalhat M" first="M" last="Dalhat">M. Dalhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Resolve to Save Lives, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Resolve to Save Lives, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saleh, F" sort="Saleh, F" uniqKey="Saleh F" first="F" last="Saleh">F. Saleh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ebhodaghe, G B" sort="Ebhodaghe, G B" uniqKey="Ebhodaghe G" first="G B" last="Ebhodaghe">G B Ebhodaghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahumibe, A" sort="Ahumibe, A" uniqKey="Ahumibe A" first="A" last="Ahumibe">A. Ahumibe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yashe, R U" sort="Yashe, R U" uniqKey="Yashe R" first="R U" last="Yashe">R U Yashe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Atteh, R" sort="Atteh, R" uniqKey="Atteh R" first="R" last="Atteh">R. Atteh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nwachukwu, W E" sort="Nwachukwu, W E" uniqKey="Nwachukwu W" first="W E" last="Nwachukwu">W E Nwachukwu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ezeokafor, C" sort="Ezeokafor, C" uniqKey="Ezeokafor C" first="C" last="Ezeokafor">C. Ezeokafor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olaleye, D" sort="Olaleye, D" uniqKey="Olaleye D" first="D" last="Olaleye">D. Olaleye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Habib, Z" sort="Habib, Z" uniqKey="Habib Z" first="Z" last="Habib">Z. Habib</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abdus Salam, I" sort="Abdus Salam, I" uniqKey="Abdus Salam I" first="I" last="Abdus-Salam">I. Abdus-Salam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Lagos State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Lagos State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pembi, E" sort="Pembi, E" uniqKey="Pembi E" first="E" last="Pembi">E. Pembi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health and Human Services, Adamawa State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health and Human Services, Adamawa State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="John, D" sort="John, D" uniqKey="John D" first="D" last="John">D. John</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Health and Human Services Secretariat, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Health and Human Services Secretariat, FCT, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okhuarobo, U J" sort="Okhuarobo, U J" uniqKey="Okhuarobo U" first="U J" last="Okhuarobo">U J Okhuarobo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Edo State Ministry of Health, Edo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Edo State Ministry of Health, Edo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Assad, H" sort="Assad, H" uniqKey="Assad H" first="H" last="Assad">H. Assad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Kebbi State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Kebbi State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gandi, Y" sort="Gandi, Y" uniqKey="Gandi Y" first="Y" last="Gandi">Y. Gandi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Disease Control and Immunisation, Bauchi State Ministry of Health, Bauchi, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Disease Control and Immunisation, Bauchi State Ministry of Health, Bauchi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muhammad, B" sort="Muhammad, B" uniqKey="Muhammad B" first="B" last="Muhammad">B. Muhammad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Kano State Ministry of Health, Kano State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Kano State Ministry of Health, Kano State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nwagwogu, C" sort="Nwagwogu, C" uniqKey="Nwagwogu C" first="C" last="Nwagwogu">C. Nwagwogu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Abia State Ministry of Health, Abia State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Abia State Ministry of Health, Abia State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nwadiuto, I" sort="Nwadiuto, I" uniqKey="Nwadiuto I" first="I" last="Nwadiuto">I. Nwadiuto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Rivers State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Rivers State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sulaiman, K" sort="Sulaiman, K" uniqKey="Sulaiman K" first="K" last="Sulaiman">K. Sulaiman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Katsina State Ministry of Health, Katsina, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Katsina State Ministry of Health, Katsina</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwuji, I" sort="Iwuji, I" uniqKey="Iwuji I" first="I" last="Iwuji">I. Iwuji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bayelsa State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okeji, A" sort="Okeji, A" uniqKey="Okeji A" first="A" last="Okeji">A. Okeji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Imo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Imo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thliza, S" sort="Thliza, S" uniqKey="Thliza S" first="S" last="Thliza">S. Thliza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Borno State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Borno State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fagbemi, S" sort="Fagbemi, S" uniqKey="Fagbemi S" first="S" last="Fagbemi">S. Fagbemi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ondo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ondo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Usman, R" sort="Usman, R" uniqKey="Usman R" first="R" last="Usman">R. Usman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Zamfara State Ministry of Health, Zamfara State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Zamfara State Ministry of Health, Zamfara State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohammed, A A" sort="Mohammed, A A" uniqKey="Mohammed A" first="A A" last="Mohammed">A A Mohammed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sokoto State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sokoto State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adeola Musa, O" sort="Adeola Musa, O" uniqKey="Adeola Musa O" first="O" last="Adeola-Musa">O. Adeola-Musa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Osun State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Osun State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishaka, M" sort="Ishaka, M" uniqKey="Ishaka M" first="M" last="Ishaka">M. Ishaka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Yobe State Primary Healthcare Management Board, Yobe State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Yobe State Primary Healthcare Management Board, Yobe State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aketemo, U" sort="Aketemo, U" uniqKey="Aketemo U" first="U" last="Aketemo">U. Aketemo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Taraba State Ministry of Health, Taraba State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Taraba State Ministry of Health, Taraba State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamaldeen, K" sort="Kamaldeen, K" uniqKey="Kamaldeen K" first="K" last="Kamaldeen">K. Kamaldeen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Kwara State Ministry of Health, Kwara State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Kwara State Ministry of Health, Kwara State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obagha, C E" sort="Obagha, C E" uniqKey="Obagha C" first="C E" last="Obagha">C E Obagha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Anambra State Ministry of Health, Anambra State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Anambra State Ministry of Health, Anambra State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akinyode, A O" sort="Akinyode, A O" uniqKey="Akinyode A" first="A O" last="Akinyode">A O Akinyode</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Directorate of Public Health, Oyo State Ministry of Health, Oyo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Directorate of Public Health, Oyo State Ministry of Health, Oyo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguku, P" sort="Nguku, P" uniqKey="Nguku P" first="P" last="Nguku">P. Nguku</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mba, N" sort="Mba, N" uniqKey="Mba N" first="N" last="Mba">N. Mba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ihekweazu, C" sort="Ihekweazu, C" uniqKey="Ihekweazu C" first="C" last="Ihekweazu">C. Ihekweazu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Office of the Director General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Office of the Director General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32912370</idno><idno type="pmid">32912370</idno><idno type="doi">10.1017/S095026882000206X</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7506173</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000270</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000270</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000270</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000270</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Descriptive epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria, 27 February-6 June 2020.</title><author><name sortKey="Elimian, K O" sort="Elimian, K O" uniqKey="Elimian K" first="K O" last="Elimian">K O Elimian</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ochu, C L" sort="Ochu, C L" uniqKey="Ochu C" first="C L" last="Ochu">C L Ochu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ilori, E" sort="Ilori, E" uniqKey="Ilori E" first="E" last="Ilori">E. Ilori</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oladejo, J" sort="Oladejo, J" uniqKey="Oladejo J" first="J" last="Oladejo">J. Oladejo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Igumbor, E" sort="Igumbor, E" uniqKey="Igumbor E" first="E" last="Igumbor">E. Igumbor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinhardt, L" sort="Steinhardt, L" uniqKey="Steinhardt L" first="L" last="Steinhardt">L. Steinhardt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagai, J" sort="Wagai, J" uniqKey="Wagai J" first="J" last="Wagai">J. Wagai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arinze, C" sort="Arinze, C" uniqKey="Arinze C" first="C" last="Arinze">C. Arinze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ukponu, W" sort="Ukponu, W" uniqKey="Ukponu W" first="W" last="Ukponu">W. Ukponu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Georgetown University, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Georgetown University, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obiekea, C" sort="Obiekea, C" uniqKey="Obiekea C" first="C" last="Obiekea">C. Obiekea</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aderinola, O" sort="Aderinola, O" uniqKey="Aderinola O" first="O" last="Aderinola">O. Aderinola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crawford, E" sort="Crawford, E" uniqKey="Crawford E" first="E" last="Crawford">E. Crawford</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olayinka, A" sort="Olayinka, A" uniqKey="Olayinka A" first="A" last="Olayinka">A. Olayinka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>World Health Organization, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dan Nwafor, C" sort="Dan Nwafor, C" uniqKey="Dan Nwafor C" first="C" last="Dan-Nwafor">C. Dan-Nwafor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okwor, T" sort="Okwor, T" uniqKey="Okwor T" first="T" last="Okwor">T. Okwor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Disu, Y" sort="Disu, Y" uniqKey="Disu Y" first="Y" last="Disu">Y. Disu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yinka Ogunleye, A" sort="Yinka Ogunleye, A" uniqKey="Yinka Ogunleye A" first="A" last="Yinka-Ogunleye">A. Yinka-Ogunleye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanu, N E" sort="Kanu, N E" uniqKey="Kanu N" first="N E" last="Kanu">N E Kanu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olawepo, O A" sort="Olawepo, O A" uniqKey="Olawepo O" first="O A" last="Olawepo">O A Olawepo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Georgetown University, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Georgetown University, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aruna, O" sort="Aruna, O" uniqKey="Aruna O" first="O" last="Aruna">O. Aruna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health England's International Health Regulations Strengthening Project, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health England's International Health Regulations Strengthening Project, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michael, C A" sort="Michael, C A" uniqKey="Michael C" first="C A" last="Michael">C A Michael</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunkwu, L" sort="Dunkwu, L" uniqKey="Dunkwu L" first="L" last="Dunkwu">L. Dunkwu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ipadeola, O" sort="Ipadeola, O" uniqKey="Ipadeola O" first="O" last="Ipadeola">O. Ipadeola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Ilorin, Ilorin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naidoo, D" sort="Naidoo, D" uniqKey="Naidoo D" first="D" last="Naidoo">D. Naidoo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>World Health Organization, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Umeokonkwo, C D" sort="Umeokonkwo, C D" uniqKey="Umeokonkwo C" first="C D" last="Umeokonkwo">C D Umeokonkwo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matthias, A" sort="Matthias, A" uniqKey="Matthias A" first="A" last="Matthias">A. Matthias</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okunromade, O" sort="Okunromade, O" uniqKey="Okunromade O" first="O" last="Okunromade">O. Okunromade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Badaru, S" sort="Badaru, S" uniqKey="Badaru S" first="S" last="Badaru">S. Badaru</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jinadu, A" sort="Jinadu, A" uniqKey="Jinadu A" first="A" last="Jinadu">A. Jinadu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogunbode, O" sort="Ogunbode, O" uniqKey="Ogunbode O" first="O" last="Ogunbode">O. Ogunbode</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Egwuenu, A" sort="Egwuenu, A" uniqKey="Egwuenu A" first="A" last="Egwuenu">A. Egwuenu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jafiya, A" sort="Jafiya, A" uniqKey="Jafiya A" first="A" last="Jafiya">A. Jafiya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dalhat, M" sort="Dalhat, M" uniqKey="Dalhat M" first="M" last="Dalhat">M. Dalhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Resolve to Save Lives, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Resolve to Save Lives, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saleh, F" sort="Saleh, F" uniqKey="Saleh F" first="F" last="Saleh">F. Saleh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ebhodaghe, G B" sort="Ebhodaghe, G B" uniqKey="Ebhodaghe G" first="G B" last="Ebhodaghe">G B Ebhodaghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahumibe, A" sort="Ahumibe, A" uniqKey="Ahumibe A" first="A" last="Ahumibe">A. Ahumibe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yashe, R U" sort="Yashe, R U" uniqKey="Yashe R" first="R U" last="Yashe">R U Yashe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Atteh, R" sort="Atteh, R" uniqKey="Atteh R" first="R" last="Atteh">R. Atteh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nwachukwu, W E" sort="Nwachukwu, W E" uniqKey="Nwachukwu W" first="W E" last="Nwachukwu">W E Nwachukwu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ezeokafor, C" sort="Ezeokafor, C" uniqKey="Ezeokafor C" first="C" last="Ezeokafor">C. Ezeokafor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olaleye, D" sort="Olaleye, D" uniqKey="Olaleye D" first="D" last="Olaleye">D. Olaleye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Habib, Z" sort="Habib, Z" uniqKey="Habib Z" first="Z" last="Habib">Z. Habib</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abdus Salam, I" sort="Abdus Salam, I" uniqKey="Abdus Salam I" first="I" last="Abdus-Salam">I. Abdus-Salam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Lagos State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Lagos State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pembi, E" sort="Pembi, E" uniqKey="Pembi E" first="E" last="Pembi">E. Pembi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health and Human Services, Adamawa State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health and Human Services, Adamawa State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="John, D" sort="John, D" uniqKey="John D" first="D" last="John">D. John</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Health and Human Services Secretariat, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Health and Human Services Secretariat, FCT, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okhuarobo, U J" sort="Okhuarobo, U J" uniqKey="Okhuarobo U" first="U J" last="Okhuarobo">U J Okhuarobo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Edo State Ministry of Health, Edo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Edo State Ministry of Health, Edo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Assad, H" sort="Assad, H" uniqKey="Assad H" first="H" last="Assad">H. Assad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Kebbi State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Kebbi State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gandi, Y" sort="Gandi, Y" uniqKey="Gandi Y" first="Y" last="Gandi">Y. Gandi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Disease Control and Immunisation, Bauchi State Ministry of Health, Bauchi, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Disease Control and Immunisation, Bauchi State Ministry of Health, Bauchi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muhammad, B" sort="Muhammad, B" uniqKey="Muhammad B" first="B" last="Muhammad">B. Muhammad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Kano State Ministry of Health, Kano State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Kano State Ministry of Health, Kano State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nwagwogu, C" sort="Nwagwogu, C" uniqKey="Nwagwogu C" first="C" last="Nwagwogu">C. Nwagwogu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Abia State Ministry of Health, Abia State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Abia State Ministry of Health, Abia State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nwadiuto, I" sort="Nwadiuto, I" uniqKey="Nwadiuto I" first="I" last="Nwadiuto">I. Nwadiuto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Rivers State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Rivers State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sulaiman, K" sort="Sulaiman, K" uniqKey="Sulaiman K" first="K" last="Sulaiman">K. Sulaiman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Katsina State Ministry of Health, Katsina, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Katsina State Ministry of Health, Katsina</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwuji, I" sort="Iwuji, I" uniqKey="Iwuji I" first="I" last="Iwuji">I. Iwuji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bayelsa State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okeji, A" sort="Okeji, A" uniqKey="Okeji A" first="A" last="Okeji">A. Okeji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Imo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Imo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thliza, S" sort="Thliza, S" uniqKey="Thliza S" first="S" last="Thliza">S. Thliza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Borno State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Borno State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fagbemi, S" sort="Fagbemi, S" uniqKey="Fagbemi S" first="S" last="Fagbemi">S. Fagbemi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ondo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ondo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Usman, R" sort="Usman, R" uniqKey="Usman R" first="R" last="Usman">R. Usman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Zamfara State Ministry of Health, Zamfara State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Zamfara State Ministry of Health, Zamfara State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohammed, A A" sort="Mohammed, A A" uniqKey="Mohammed A" first="A A" last="Mohammed">A A Mohammed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sokoto State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sokoto State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adeola Musa, O" sort="Adeola Musa, O" uniqKey="Adeola Musa O" first="O" last="Adeola-Musa">O. Adeola-Musa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Osun State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Osun State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishaka, M" sort="Ishaka, M" uniqKey="Ishaka M" first="M" last="Ishaka">M. Ishaka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Yobe State Primary Healthcare Management Board, Yobe State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Yobe State Primary Healthcare Management Board, Yobe State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aketemo, U" sort="Aketemo, U" uniqKey="Aketemo U" first="U" last="Aketemo">U. Aketemo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Taraba State Ministry of Health, Taraba State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Taraba State Ministry of Health, Taraba State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamaldeen, K" sort="Kamaldeen, K" uniqKey="Kamaldeen K" first="K" last="Kamaldeen">K. Kamaldeen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Kwara State Ministry of Health, Kwara State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Kwara State Ministry of Health, Kwara State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obagha, C E" sort="Obagha, C E" uniqKey="Obagha C" first="C E" last="Obagha">C E Obagha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Anambra State Ministry of Health, Anambra State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Anambra State Ministry of Health, Anambra State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akinyode, A O" sort="Akinyode, A O" uniqKey="Akinyode A" first="A O" last="Akinyode">A O Akinyode</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Directorate of Public Health, Oyo State Ministry of Health, Oyo State, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Directorate of Public Health, Oyo State Ministry of Health, Oyo State</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguku, P" sort="Nguku, P" uniqKey="Nguku P" first="P" last="Nguku">P. Nguku</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mba, N" sort="Mba, N" uniqKey="Mba N" first="N" last="Mba">N. Mba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ihekweazu, C" sort="Ihekweazu, C" uniqKey="Ihekweazu C" first="C" last="Ihekweazu">C. Ihekweazu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Office of the Director General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Office of the Director General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Epidemiology and infection</title><idno type="eISSN">1469-4409</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Aged, 80 and over (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>Child (MeSH)</term><term>Child, Preschool (MeSH)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (mortality)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Infant (MeSH)</term><term>Infant, Newborn (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Nigeria (epidemiology)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (mortality)</term><term>Retrospective Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Time Factors (MeSH)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH)</term><term>Facteurs temps (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (mortalité)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Nigeria (épidémiologie)</term><term>Nourrisson (MeSH)</term><term>Nouveau-né (MeSH)</term><term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (mortalité)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH)</term><term>Études rétrospectives (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Nigeria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Nigeria</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Nouveau-né</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Nigeria</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria with a view of generating evidence to enhance planning and response strategies. A national surveillance dataset between 27 February and 6 June 2020 was retrospectively analysed, with confirmatory testing for COVID-19 done by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The primary outcomes were cumulative incidence (CI) and case fatality (CF). A total of 40 926 persons (67% of total 60 839) had complete records of RT-PCR test across 35 states and the Federal Capital Territory, 12 289 (30.0%) of whom were confirmed COVID-19 cases. Of those confirmed cases, 3467 (28.2%) had complete records of clinical outcome (alive or dead), 342 (9.9%) of which died. The overall CI and CF were 5.6 per 100 000 population and 2.8%, respectively. The highest proportion of COVID-19 cases and deaths were recorded in persons aged 31-40 years (25.5%) and 61-70 years (26.6%), respectively; and males accounted for a higher proportion of confirmed cases (65.8%) and deaths (79.0%). Sixty-six per cent of confirmed COVID-19 cases were asymptomatic at diagnosis. In conclusion, this paper has provided an insight into the early epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria, which could be useful for contextualising public health planning.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32912370</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1469-4409</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>148</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>11</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Epidemiology and infection</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Epidemiol Infect</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Descriptive epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria, 27 February-6 June 2020.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e208</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1017/S095026882000206X</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria with a view of generating evidence to enhance planning and response strategies. A national surveillance dataset between 27 February and 6 June 2020 was retrospectively analysed, with confirmatory testing for COVID-19 done by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The primary outcomes were cumulative incidence (CI) and case fatality (CF). A total of 40 926 persons (67% of total 60 839) had complete records of RT-PCR test across 35 states and the Federal Capital Territory, 12 289 (30.0%) of whom were confirmed COVID-19 cases. Of those confirmed cases, 3467 (28.2%) had complete records of clinical outcome (alive or dead), 342 (9.9%) of which died. The overall CI and CF were 5.6 per 100 000 population and 2.8%, respectively. The highest proportion of COVID-19 cases and deaths were recorded in persons aged 31-40 years (25.5%) and 61-70 years (26.6%), respectively; and males accounted for a higher proportion of confirmed cases (65.8%) and deaths (79.0%). Sixty-six per cent of confirmed COVID-19 cases were asymptomatic at diagnosis. In conclusion, this paper has provided an insight into the early epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria, which could be useful for contextualising public health planning.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Elimian</LastName><ForeName>K O</ForeName><Initials>KO</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-2729-1613</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ochu</LastName><ForeName>C L</ForeName><Initials>CL</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0630-7332</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ilori</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oladejo</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Igumbor</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Steinhardt</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wagai</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arinze</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ukponu</LastName><ForeName>W</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Georgetown University, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Obiekea</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aderinola</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Crawford</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olayinka</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dan-Nwafor</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Okwor</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Disu</LastName><ForeName>Y</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yinka-Ogunleye</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kanu</LastName><ForeName>N E</ForeName><Initials>NE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olawepo</LastName><ForeName>O A</ForeName><Initials>OA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Georgetown University, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aruna</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health England's International Health Regulations Strengthening Project, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Michael</LastName><ForeName>C A</ForeName><Initials>CA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dunkwu</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ipadeola</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Naidoo</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Umeokonkwo</LastName><ForeName>C D</ForeName><Initials>CD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Matthias</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Embassy Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Okunromade</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Badaru</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jinadu</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ogunbode</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Egwuenu</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jafiya</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dalhat</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Resolve to Save Lives, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Saleh</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ebhodaghe</LastName><ForeName>G B</ForeName><Initials>GB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prevention, Programmes and Knowledge Management, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahumibe</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yashe</LastName><ForeName>R U</ForeName><Initials>RU</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Atteh</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nwachukwu</LastName><ForeName>W E</ForeName><Initials>WE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surveillance and Epidemiology, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ezeokafor</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olaleye</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Habib</LastName><ForeName>Z</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nigeria COVID-19 Research Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abdus-Salam</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Lagos State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pembi</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health and Human Services, Adamawa State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>John</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Health and Human Services Secretariat, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Okhuarobo</LastName><ForeName>U J</ForeName><Initials>UJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edo State Ministry of Health, Edo State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Assad</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Kebbi State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gandi</LastName><ForeName>Y</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Disease Control and Immunisation, Bauchi State Ministry of Health, Bauchi, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muhammad</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Kano State Ministry of Health, Kano State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nwagwogu</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Abia State Ministry of Health, Abia State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nwadiuto</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Rivers State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sulaiman</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Katsina State Ministry of Health, Katsina, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Iwuji</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Okeji</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Imo State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thliza</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Borno State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fagbemi</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ondo State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Usman</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Zamfara State Ministry of Health, Zamfara State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohammed</LastName><ForeName>A A</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sokoto State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adeola-Musa</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Osun State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ishaka</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Yobe State Primary Healthcare Management Board, Yobe State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aketemo</LastName><ForeName>U</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Taraba State Ministry of Health, Taraba State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kamaldeen</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Kwara State Ministry of Health, Kwara State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Obagha</LastName><ForeName>C E</ForeName><Initials>CE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Anambra State Ministry of Health, Anambra State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Akinyode</LastName><ForeName>A O</ForeName><Initials>AO</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Directorate of Public Health, Oyo State Ministry of Health, Oyo State, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguku</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mba</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Laboratory Services, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ihekweazu</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Office of the Director General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>001</GrantID><Acronym>WHO_</Acronym><Agency>World Health Organization</Agency><Country>International</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>11</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Epidemiol Infect</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8703737</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0950-2688</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" 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