Bacterial and viral co-infections in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to a French ICU.
Identifieur interne : 001634 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001633; suivant : 001635Bacterial and viral co-infections in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to a French ICU.
Auteurs : Damien Contou [France] ; Aurore Claudinon [France] ; Olivier Pajot [France] ; Maïté Micaëlo [France] ; Pascale Longuet Flandre [France] ; Marie Dubert [France] ; Radj Cally [France] ; Elsa Logre [France] ; Megan Fraissé [France] ; Hervé Mentec [France] ; Gaëtan Plantefève [France]Source :
- Annals of intensive care [ 2110-5820 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Data on the prevalence of bacterial and viral co-infections among patients admitted to the ICU for acute respiratory failure related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are lacking. We aimed to assess the rate of bacterial and viral co-infections, as well as to report the most common micro-organisms involved in patients admitted to the ICU for severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
In this monocenter retrospective study, we reviewed all the respiratory microbiological investigations performed within the first 48 h of ICU admission of COVID-19 patients (RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2) admitted for acute respiratory failure.
RESULTS
From March 13th to April 16th 2020, a total of 92 adult patients (median age: 61 years, 1st-3rd quartiles [55-70]; males: n = 73/92, 79%; baseline SOFA: 4 [3-7] and SAPS II: 31 [21-40]; invasive mechanical ventilation: n = 83/92, 90%; ICU mortality: n = 45/92, 49%) were admitted to our 40-bed ICU for acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Among them, 26 (28%) were considered as co-infected with a pathogenic bacterium at ICU admission with no co-infection related to atypical bacteria or viruses. The distribution of the 32 bacteria isolated from culture and/or respiratory PCRs was as follows: methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (n = 10/32, 31%), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 7/32, 22%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 6/32, 19%), Enterobacteriaceae (n = 5/32, 16%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 2/32, 6%), Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 1/32, 3%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 1/32, 3%). Among the 24 pathogenic bacteria isolated from culture, 2 (8%) and 5 (21%) were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporin and to amoxicillin-clavulanate combination, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
We report on a 28% rate of bacterial co-infection at ICU admission of patients with severe SARSCoV-2 pneumonia, mostly related to Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae. In French patients with confirmed severe SARSCoV-2 pneumonia requiring ICU admission, our results encourage the systematic administration of an empiric antibiotic monotherapy with a 3rd generation cephalosporin, with a prompt de-escalation as soon as possible. Further larger studies are needed to assess the real prevalence and the predictors of co-infection together with its prognostic impact on critically ill patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
DOI: 10.1186/s13613-020-00736-x
PubMed: 32894364
PubMed Central: PMC7475952
Affiliations:
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nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Logre, Elsa" sort="Logre, Elsa" uniqKey="Logre E" first="Elsa" last="Logre">Elsa Logre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fraisse, Megan" sort="Fraisse, Megan" uniqKey="Fraisse M" first="Megan" last="Fraissé">Megan Fraissé</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mentec, Herve" sort="Mentec, Herve" uniqKey="Mentec H" first="Hervé" last="Mentec">Hervé Mentec</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 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when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32894364</idno><idno type="pmid">32894364</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s13613-020-00736-x</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7475952</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000207</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000207</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000207</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000207</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000207</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Bacterial and viral co-infections in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to a French ICU.</title><author><name sortKey="Contou, Damien" sort="Contou, Damien" uniqKey="Contou D" first="Damien" last="Contou">Damien Contou</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France. damien.contou@ch-argenteuil.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Claudinon, Aurore" sort="Claudinon, Aurore" uniqKey="Claudinon A" first="Aurore" last="Claudinon">Aurore Claudinon</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pajot, Olivier" sort="Pajot, Olivier" uniqKey="Pajot O" first="Olivier" last="Pajot">Olivier Pajot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Micaelo, Maite" sort="Micaelo, Maite" uniqKey="Micaelo M" first="Maïté" last="Micaëlo">Maïté Micaëlo</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Longuet Flandre, Pascale" sort="Longuet Flandre, Pascale" uniqKey="Longuet Flandre P" first="Pascale" last="Longuet Flandre">Pascale Longuet Flandre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Equipe Mobile de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Equipe Mobile de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dubert, Marie" sort="Dubert, Marie" uniqKey="Dubert M" first="Marie" last="Dubert">Marie Dubert</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cally, Radj" sort="Cally, Radj" uniqKey="Cally R" first="Radj" last="Cally">Radj Cally</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Logre, Elsa" sort="Logre, Elsa" uniqKey="Logre E" first="Elsa" last="Logre">Elsa Logre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fraisse, Megan" sort="Fraisse, Megan" uniqKey="Fraisse M" first="Megan" last="Fraissé">Megan Fraissé</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mentec, Herve" sort="Mentec, Herve" uniqKey="Mentec H" first="Hervé" last="Mentec">Hervé Mentec</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Plantefeve, Gaetan" sort="Plantefeve, Gaetan" uniqKey="Plantefeve G" first="Gaëtan" last="Plantefève">Gaëtan Plantefève</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annals of intensive care</title><idno type="ISSN">2110-5820</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Data on the prevalence of bacterial and viral co-infections among patients admitted to the ICU for acute respiratory failure related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are lacking. We aimed to assess the rate of bacterial and viral co-infections, as well as to report the most common micro-organisms involved in patients admitted to the ICU for severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>PATIENTS AND METHODS</b></p><p>In this monocenter retrospective study, we reviewed all the respiratory microbiological investigations performed within the first 48 h of ICU admission of COVID-19 patients (RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2) admitted for acute respiratory failure.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>From March 13th to April 16th 2020, a total of 92 adult patients (median age: 61 years, 1st-3rd quartiles [55-70]; males: n = 73/92, 79%; baseline SOFA: 4 [3-7] and SAPS II: 31 [21-40]; invasive mechanical ventilation: n = 83/92, 90%; ICU mortality: n = 45/92, 49%) were admitted to our 40-bed ICU for acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Among them, 26 (28%) were considered as co-infected with a pathogenic bacterium at ICU admission with no co-infection related to atypical bacteria or viruses. The distribution of the 32 bacteria isolated from culture and/or respiratory PCRs was as follows: methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (n = 10/32, 31%), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 7/32, 22%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 6/32, 19%), Enterobacteriaceae (n = 5/32, 16%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 2/32, 6%), Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 1/32, 3%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 1/32, 3%). Among the 24 pathogenic bacteria isolated from culture, 2 (8%) and 5 (21%) were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporin and to amoxicillin-clavulanate combination, respectively.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>We report on a 28% rate of bacterial co-infection at ICU admission of patients with severe SARSCoV-2 pneumonia, mostly related to Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae. In French patients with confirmed severe SARSCoV-2 pneumonia requiring ICU admission, our results encourage the systematic administration of an empiric antibiotic monotherapy with a 3rd generation cephalosporin, with a prompt de-escalation as soon as possible. Further larger studies are needed to assess the real prevalence and the predictors of co-infection together with its prognostic impact on critically ill patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32894364</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>22</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2110-5820</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>10</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>07</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Annals of intensive care</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Ann Intensive Care</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Bacterial and viral co-infections in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to a French ICU.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>119</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s13613-020-00736-x</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Data on the prevalence of bacterial and viral co-infections among patients admitted to the ICU for acute respiratory failure related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are lacking. We aimed to assess the rate of bacterial and viral co-infections, as well as to report the most common micro-organisms involved in patients admitted to the ICU for severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATIENTS AND METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">In this monocenter retrospective study, we reviewed all the respiratory microbiological investigations performed within the first 48 h of ICU admission of COVID-19 patients (RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2) admitted for acute respiratory failure.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">From March 13th to April 16th 2020, a total of 92 adult patients (median age: 61 years, 1st-3rd quartiles [55-70]; males: n = 73/92, 79%; baseline SOFA: 4 [3-7] and SAPS II: 31 [21-40]; invasive mechanical ventilation: n = 83/92, 90%; ICU mortality: n = 45/92, 49%) were admitted to our 40-bed ICU for acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Among them, 26 (28%) were considered as co-infected with a pathogenic bacterium at ICU admission with no co-infection related to atypical bacteria or viruses. The distribution of the 32 bacteria isolated from culture and/or respiratory PCRs was as follows: methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (n = 10/32, 31%), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 7/32, 22%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 6/32, 19%), Enterobacteriaceae (n = 5/32, 16%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 2/32, 6%), Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 1/32, 3%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 1/32, 3%). Among the 24 pathogenic bacteria isolated from culture, 2 (8%) and 5 (21%) were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporin and to amoxicillin-clavulanate combination, respectively.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">We report on a 28% rate of bacterial co-infection at ICU admission of patients with severe SARSCoV-2 pneumonia, mostly related to Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae. In French patients with confirmed severe SARSCoV-2 pneumonia requiring ICU admission, our results encourage the systematic administration of an empiric antibiotic monotherapy with a 3rd generation cephalosporin, with a prompt de-escalation as soon as possible. Further larger studies are needed to assess the real prevalence and the predictors of co-infection together with its prognostic impact on critically ill patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Contou</LastName><ForeName>Damien</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France. damien.contou@ch-argenteuil.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Claudinon</LastName><ForeName>Aurore</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pajot</LastName><ForeName>Olivier</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Micaëlo</LastName><ForeName>Maïté</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Longuet Flandre</LastName><ForeName>Pascale</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Equipe Mobile de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dubert</LastName><ForeName>Marie</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cally</LastName><ForeName>Radj</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Logre</LastName><ForeName>Elsa</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fraissé</LastName><ForeName>Megan</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mentec</LastName><ForeName>Hervé</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Plantefève</LastName><ForeName>Gaëtan</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100, Argenteuil, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Ann Intensive Care</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101562873</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2110-5820</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Bacteria</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Co-infection</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Haemophilus influenzae</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Staphylococcus aureus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Streptococcus pneumoniae</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>12</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32894364</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s13613-020-00736-x</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1186/s13613-020-00736-x</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7475952</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>JAMA. 2020 Apr 28;323(16):1574-1581</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32250385</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 30;382(18):1708-1720</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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IdType="pubmed">32007143</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country><region><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)</li><li>Paris</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Contou, Damien" sort="Contou, Damien" uniqKey="Contou D" first="Damien" last="Contou">Damien Contou</name></region><name sortKey="Cally, Radj" sort="Cally, Radj" uniqKey="Cally R" first="Radj" last="Cally">Radj Cally</name><name sortKey="Claudinon, Aurore" sort="Claudinon, Aurore" uniqKey="Claudinon A" first="Aurore" last="Claudinon">Aurore Claudinon</name><name sortKey="Dubert, Marie" sort="Dubert, Marie" uniqKey="Dubert M" first="Marie" last="Dubert">Marie Dubert</name><name sortKey="Fraisse, Megan" sort="Fraisse, Megan" uniqKey="Fraisse M" first="Megan" last="Fraissé">Megan Fraissé</name><name sortKey="Logre, Elsa" sort="Logre, Elsa" uniqKey="Logre E" first="Elsa" last="Logre">Elsa Logre</name><name sortKey="Longuet Flandre, Pascale" sort="Longuet Flandre, Pascale" uniqKey="Longuet Flandre P" first="Pascale" last="Longuet Flandre">Pascale Longuet Flandre</name><name sortKey="Mentec, Herve" sort="Mentec, Herve" uniqKey="Mentec H" first="Hervé" last="Mentec">Hervé Mentec</name><name sortKey="Micaelo, Maite" sort="Micaelo, Maite" uniqKey="Micaelo M" first="Maïté" last="Micaëlo">Maïté Micaëlo</name><name sortKey="Pajot, Olivier" sort="Pajot, Olivier" uniqKey="Pajot O" first="Olivier" last="Pajot">Olivier Pajot</name><name sortKey="Plantefeve, Gaetan" sort="Plantefeve, Gaetan" uniqKey="Plantefeve G" first="Gaëtan" last="Plantefève">Gaëtan Plantefève</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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