Partially RepRapable automated open source bag valve mask-based ventilator.
Identifieur interne : 000483 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000482; suivant : 000484Partially RepRapable automated open source bag valve mask-based ventilator.
Auteurs : Aliaksei Petsiuk ; Nagendra G. Tanikella ; Samantha Dertinger ; Adam Pringle ; Shane Oberloier ; Joshua M. PearceSource :
- HardwareX [ 2468-0672 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
This study describes the development of a simple and easy-to-build portable automated bag valve mask (BVM) compression system, which, during acute shortages and supply chain disruptions can serve as a temporary emergency ventilator. The resuscitation system is based on the Arduino controller with a real-time operating system installed on a largely RepRap 3-D printable parametric component-based structure. The cost of the materials for the system is under $170, which makes it affordable for replication by makers around the world. The device provides a controlled breathing mode with tidal volumes from 100 to 800 mL, breathing rates from 5 to 40 breaths/minute, and inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio from 1:1 to 1:4. The system is designed for reliability and scalability of measurement circuits through the use of the serial peripheral interface and has the ability to connect additional hardware due to the object-oriented algorithmic approach. Experimental results after testing on an artificial lung for peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), respiratory rate (RR), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), tidal volume, proximal pressure, and lung pressure demonstrate repeatability and accuracy exceeding human capabilities in BVM-based manual ventilation. Future work is necessary to further develop and test the system to make it acceptable for deployment outside of emergencies such as with COVID-19 pandemic in clinical environments, however, the nature of the design is such that desired features are relatively easy to add using protocols and parametric design files provided.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00131
PubMed: 32835141
PubMed Central: PMC7417990
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Partially RepRapable automated open source bag valve mask-based ventilator.</title><author><name sortKey="Petsiuk, Aliaksei" sort="Petsiuk, Aliaksei" uniqKey="Petsiuk A" first="Aliaksei" last="Petsiuk">Aliaksei Petsiuk</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanikella, Nagendra G" sort="Tanikella, Nagendra G" uniqKey="Tanikella N" first="Nagendra G" last="Tanikella">Nagendra G. Tanikella</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dertinger, Samantha" sort="Dertinger, Samantha" uniqKey="Dertinger S" first="Samantha" last="Dertinger">Samantha Dertinger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pringle, Adam" sort="Pringle, Adam" uniqKey="Pringle A" first="Adam" last="Pringle">Adam Pringle</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oberloier, Shane" sort="Oberloier, Shane" uniqKey="Oberloier S" first="Shane" last="Oberloier">Shane Oberloier</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearce, Joshua M" sort="Pearce, Joshua M" uniqKey="Pearce J" first="Joshua M" last="Pearce">Joshua M. Pearce</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Équipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs (ERPI) , Université de Lorraine, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Finland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32835141</idno><idno type="pmid">32835141</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00131</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7417990</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000483</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000483</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Partially RepRapable automated open source bag valve mask-based ventilator.</title><author><name sortKey="Petsiuk, Aliaksei" sort="Petsiuk, Aliaksei" uniqKey="Petsiuk A" first="Aliaksei" last="Petsiuk">Aliaksei Petsiuk</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanikella, Nagendra G" sort="Tanikella, Nagendra G" uniqKey="Tanikella N" first="Nagendra G" last="Tanikella">Nagendra G. Tanikella</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dertinger, Samantha" sort="Dertinger, Samantha" uniqKey="Dertinger S" first="Samantha" last="Dertinger">Samantha Dertinger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pringle, Adam" sort="Pringle, Adam" uniqKey="Pringle A" first="Adam" last="Pringle">Adam Pringle</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oberloier, Shane" sort="Oberloier, Shane" uniqKey="Oberloier S" first="Shane" last="Oberloier">Shane Oberloier</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearce, Joshua M" sort="Pearce, Joshua M" uniqKey="Pearce J" first="Joshua M" last="Pearce">Joshua M. Pearce</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Équipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs (ERPI) , Université de Lorraine, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Finland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">HardwareX</title><idno type="ISSN">2468-0672</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study describes the development of a simple and easy-to-build portable automated bag valve mask (BVM) compression system, which, during acute shortages and supply chain disruptions can serve as a temporary emergency ventilator. The resuscitation system is based on the Arduino controller with a real-time operating system installed on a largely RepRap 3-D printable parametric component-based structure. The cost of the materials for the system is under $170, which makes it affordable for replication by makers around the world. The device provides a controlled breathing mode with tidal volumes from 100 to 800 mL, breathing rates from 5 to 40 breaths/minute, and inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio from 1:1 to 1:4. The system is designed for reliability and scalability of measurement circuits through the use of the serial peripheral interface and has the ability to connect additional hardware due to the object-oriented algorithmic approach. Experimental results after testing on an artificial lung for peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), respiratory rate (RR), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), tidal volume, proximal pressure, and lung pressure demonstrate repeatability and accuracy exceeding human capabilities in BVM-based manual ventilation. Future work is necessary to further develop and test the system to make it acceptable for deployment outside of emergencies such as with COVID-19 pandemic in clinical environments, however, the nature of the design is such that desired features are relatively easy to add using protocols and parametric design files provided.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32835141</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>24</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2468-0672</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>8</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Oct</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>HardwareX</Title><ISOAbbreviation>HardwareX</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Partially RepRapable automated open source bag valve mask-based ventilator.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e00131</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00131</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study describes the development of a simple and easy-to-build portable automated bag valve mask (BVM) compression system, which, during acute shortages and supply chain disruptions can serve as a temporary emergency ventilator. The resuscitation system is based on the Arduino controller with a real-time operating system installed on a largely RepRap 3-D printable parametric component-based structure. The cost of the materials for the system is under $170, which makes it affordable for replication by makers around the world. The device provides a controlled breathing mode with tidal volumes from 100 to 800 mL, breathing rates from 5 to 40 breaths/minute, and inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio from 1:1 to 1:4. The system is designed for reliability and scalability of measurement circuits through the use of the serial peripheral interface and has the ability to connect additional hardware due to the object-oriented algorithmic approach. Experimental results after testing on an artificial lung for peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), respiratory rate (RR), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), tidal volume, proximal pressure, and lung pressure demonstrate repeatability and accuracy exceeding human capabilities in BVM-based manual ventilation. Future work is necessary to further develop and test the system to make it acceptable for deployment outside of emergencies such as with COVID-19 pandemic in clinical environments, however, the nature of the design is such that desired features are relatively easy to add using protocols and parametric design files provided.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 The Authors.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Petsiuk</LastName><ForeName>Aliaksei</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tanikella</LastName><ForeName>Nagendra G</ForeName><Initials>NG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dertinger</LastName><ForeName>Samantha</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pringle</LastName><ForeName>Adam</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oberloier</LastName><ForeName>Shane</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pearce</LastName><ForeName>Joshua M</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Michigan Technological University, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Équipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs (ERPI) , Université de Lorraine, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>11</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>HardwareX</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101710262</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2468-0672</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">3-D printing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus pandemic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Embedded systems</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza pandemic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Medical hardware</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Open hardware</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Open source</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Open source medical hardware</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemic ventilator</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Real-time operating system</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">RepRap</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Single-limb</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ventilation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ventilator</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32835141</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00131</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2468-0672(20)30040-7</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">e00131</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7417990</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><pmc-dir>pmcsd</pmc-dir>
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