An overview of coronaviruses including the SARS-2 coronavirus - Molecular biology, epidemiology and clinical implications.
Identifieur interne : 000855 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000854; suivant : 000856An overview of coronaviruses including the SARS-2 coronavirus - Molecular biology, epidemiology and clinical implications.
Auteurs : Dinesh Kaul [Inde]Source :
- Current medicine research and practice [ 2352-0825 ]
Abstract
Coronavirus infections have emerged as epidemic and pandemic threats in last two decades. After the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009, recently diagnosed novel betacoronavirus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 has spread across 203 countries and territories in all 5 major continents. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Subsequently on February 11, 2020 a new name was given to this disease i.e. COVID-19 by an expert group from WHO. As of April 12, 2020, 10:00 CET, GMT+2:00, 1,696,588 confirmed cases and 105,952 confirmed deaths have been reported to the WHO. (Coronavirus disease 2019, situation report 83). It possibly originated from a small animal market in Wuhan, China. A cluster of patients were admitted with unusual pneumonia not responding to treatment in various hospitals. Epidemiological, genomic analysis and correlation with other coronaviruses led to the isolation of new coronavirus, closely resembling the bat coronaviruses, from such patients in Wuhan. They were identified as the SARS-CoV-2. This virus infection presents as influenza like illness in the affected people. Fever, cough, respiratory distress with fatigue, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting are common symptoms seen in adults. This may progress on to severe respiratory distress, hypoxia, need for oxygen supplementation and ventilator support as seen in patients in the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic (2003) in Guangdong, China. The transmissibility of SARS-CoV-1 was less as compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it was well controlled with good public health efforts. The present COVID-19 epidemic is still in the acceleration phase of 3 and 4 in various countries. Without any effective antiviral agents available at present, the need of the hour is early case detection, isolation of cases, use of good preventive care measures by the household contacts and in the hospital set up. The results of ongoing clinical trials on hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin alone or in combination and a new antiviral agent remdesivir may help to treat some of the infections. A need for effective vaccine is being seen an as good preventive strategy in this pandemic. However the results of clinical trials and incorporation of vaccines in public health programs is a long way to go.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.04.001
PubMed: 32363221
PubMed Central: PMC7194867
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">An overview of coronaviruses including the SARS-2 coronavirus - Molecular biology, epidemiology and clinical implications.</title><author><name sortKey="Kaul, Dinesh" sort="Kaul, Dinesh" uniqKey="Kaul D" first="Dinesh" last="Kaul">Dinesh Kaul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi -110060, India.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi -110060</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi -110060</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020 Mar-Apr</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32363221</idno><idno type="pmid">32363221</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.04.001</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7194867</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001798</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001798</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001798</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001798</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001798</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">An overview of coronaviruses including the SARS-2 coronavirus - Molecular biology, epidemiology and clinical implications.</title><author><name sortKey="Kaul, Dinesh" sort="Kaul, Dinesh" uniqKey="Kaul D" first="Dinesh" last="Kaul">Dinesh Kaul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi -110060, India.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi -110060</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi -110060</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Current medicine research and practice</title><idno type="eISSN">2352-0825</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Coronavirus infections have emerged as epidemic and pandemic threats in last two decades. After the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009, recently diagnosed novel betacoronavirus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 has spread across 203 countries and territories in all 5 major continents. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Subsequently on February 11, 2020 a new name was given to this disease i.e. COVID-19 by an expert group from WHO. As of April 12, 2020, 10:00 CET, GMT+2:00, 1,696,588 confirmed cases and 105,952 confirmed deaths have been reported to the WHO. (Coronavirus disease 2019, situation report 83). It possibly originated from a small animal market in Wuhan, China. A cluster of patients were admitted with unusual pneumonia not responding to treatment in various hospitals. Epidemiological, genomic analysis and correlation with other coronaviruses led to the isolation of new coronavirus, closely resembling the bat coronaviruses, from such patients in Wuhan. They were identified as the SARS-CoV-2. This virus infection presents as influenza like illness in the affected people. Fever, cough, respiratory distress with fatigue, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting are common symptoms seen in adults. This may progress on to severe respiratory distress, hypoxia, need for oxygen supplementation and ventilator support as seen in patients in the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic (2003) in Guangdong, China. The transmissibility of SARS-CoV-1 was less as compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it was well controlled with good public health efforts. The present COVID-19 epidemic is still in the acceleration phase of 3 and 4 in various countries. Without any effective antiviral agents available at present, the need of the hour is early case detection, isolation of cases, use of good preventive care measures by the household contacts and in the hospital set up. The results of ongoing clinical trials on hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin alone or in combination and a new antiviral agent remdesivir may help to treat some of the infections. A need for effective vaccine is being seen an as good preventive strategy in this pandemic. However the results of clinical trials and incorporation of vaccines in public health programs is a long way to go.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32363221</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2352-0825</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>10</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><MedlineDate>2020 Mar-Apr</MedlineDate></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Current medicine research and practice</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Curr Med Res Pract</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>An overview of coronaviruses including the SARS-2 coronavirus - Molecular biology, epidemiology and clinical implications.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>54-64</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.04.001</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Coronavirus infections have emerged as epidemic and pandemic threats in last two decades. After the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009, recently diagnosed novel betacoronavirus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 has spread across 203 countries and territories in all 5 major continents. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Subsequently on February 11, 2020 a new name was given to this disease i.e. COVID-19 by an expert group from WHO. As of April 12, 2020, 10:00 CET, GMT+2:00, 1,696,588 confirmed cases and 105,952 confirmed deaths have been reported to the WHO. (Coronavirus disease 2019, situation report 83). It possibly originated from a small animal market in Wuhan, China. A cluster of patients were admitted with unusual pneumonia not responding to treatment in various hospitals. Epidemiological, genomic analysis and correlation with other coronaviruses led to the isolation of new coronavirus, closely resembling the bat coronaviruses, from such patients in Wuhan. They were identified as the SARS-CoV-2. This virus infection presents as influenza like illness in the affected people. Fever, cough, respiratory distress with fatigue, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting are common symptoms seen in adults. This may progress on to severe respiratory distress, hypoxia, need for oxygen supplementation and ventilator support as seen in patients in the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic (2003) in Guangdong, China. The transmissibility of SARS-CoV-1 was less as compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it was well controlled with good public health efforts. The present COVID-19 epidemic is still in the acceleration phase of 3 and 4 in various countries. Without any effective antiviral agents available at present, the need of the hour is early case detection, isolation of cases, use of good preventive care measures by the household contacts and in the hospital set up. The results of ongoing clinical trials on hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin alone or in combination and a new antiviral agent remdesivir may help to treat some of the infections. A need for effective vaccine is being seen an as good preventive strategy in this pandemic. However the results of clinical trials and incorporation of vaccines in public health programs is a long way to go.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 Sir Ganga Ram Hospital. Published by Elsevier, a division of RELX India, Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kaul</LastName><ForeName>Dinesh</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi -110060, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>09</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>India</Country><MedlineTA>Curr Med Res Pract</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101698601</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2352-0817</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn"><RefSource>Curr Med Res Pract. 2020 May-Jun;10(3):135</RefSource><PMID Version="1">32572377</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-1</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Wuhan</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>None.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>06</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32363221</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.04.001</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2352-0817(20)30039-8</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7194867</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><pmc-dir>pmcsd</pmc-dir>
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