CovidChloroV1, Main, Corpus, bibRecord, 001909

Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa: Caution for Inappropriate Off-label Use in Healthcare Settings.

Identifieur interne : 001909 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001908; suivant : 001910

Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa: Caution for Inappropriate Off-label Use in Healthcare Settings.

Auteurs : Pascale M. Abena ; Eric H. Decloedt ; Emmanuel Bottieau ; Fatima Suleman ; Prisca Adejumo ; Nadia A. Sam-Agudu ; Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum ; Moussa Seydi ; Serge P. Eholie ; Edward J. Mills ; Oscar Kallay ; Alimuddin Zumla ; Jean B. Nachega

Source :

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene [ 1476-1645 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:32323646

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Antimalarials (therapeutic use), Antirheumatic Agents (therapeutic use), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Azithromycin (therapeutic use), Betacoronavirus (drug effects), Betacoronavirus (pathogenicity), COVID-19 (MeSH), COVID-19 Testing (MeSH), Chloroquine (therapeutic use), Clinical Laboratory Techniques (standards), Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis), Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Drug Repositioning (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use), Off-Label Use (ethics), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (diagnosis), Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Practice Guidelines as Topic (MeSH), Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic (standards), SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH), Sample Size (MeSH), Treatment Outcome (MeSH), United States (epidemiology).
MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antimalarials, Antirheumatic Agents, Antiviral Agents, Azithromycin, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine.
- geographic , epidemiology : United States.
- diagnosis : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- drug effects : Betacoronavirus.
- drug therapy : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- ethics : Off-Label Use.
- pathogenicity : Betacoronavirus.
- standards : Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic.
- COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, Drug Repositioning, Humans, Pandemics, Practice Guidelines as Topic, SARS-CoV-2, Sample Size, Treatment Outcome.

Abstract

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 pandemic has spread to Africa, where nearly all countries have reported laboratory-confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Although there are ongoing clinical trials of repurposed and investigational antiviral and immune-based therapies, there are as yet no scientifically proven, clinically effective pharmacological treatments for COVID-19. Among the repurposed drugs, the commonly used antimalarials chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have become the focus of global scientific, media, and political attention despite a lack of randomized clinical trials supporting their efficacy. Chloroquine has been used worldwide for about 75 years and is listed by the WHO as an essential medicine to treat malaria. Hydroxychloroquine is mainly used as a therapy for autoimmune diseases. However, the efficacy and safety of CQ/HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19 remains to be defined. Indiscriminate promotion and widespread use of CQ/HCQ have led to extensive shortages, self-treatment, and fatal overdoses. Shortages and increased market prices leave all countries vulnerable to substandard and falsified medical products, and safety issues are especially concerning for Africa because of its healthcare system limitations. Much needed in Africa is a cross-continental collaborative network for coordinated production, distribution, and post-marketing surveillance aligned to low-cost distribution of any approved COVID-19 drug; this would ideally be piggybacked on existing global aid efforts. Meanwhile, African countries should strongly consider implementing prescription monitoring schemes to ensure that any off-label CQ/HCQ use is appropriate and beneficial during this pandemic.

DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0290
PubMed: 32323646
PubMed Central: PMC7253100

Links to Exploration step

pubmed:32323646

Le document en format XML

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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Unit of Infectious Diseases, Treichville University Teaching Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Kallay, Oscar" sort="Kallay, Oscar" uniqKey="Kallay O" first="Oscar" last="Kallay">Oscar Kallay</name>
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<term>Azithromycin (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (drug effects)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (pathogenicity)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (MeSH)</term>
<term>COVID-19 Testing (MeSH)</term>
<term>Chloroquine (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Clinical Laboratory Techniques (standards)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Drug Repositioning (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Off-Label Use (ethics)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (diagnosis)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Practice Guidelines as Topic (MeSH)</term>
<term>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic (standards)</term>
<term>SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sample Size (MeSH)</term>
<term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term>
<term>United States (epidemiology)</term>
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<term>Antirheumatic Agents</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents</term>
<term>Azithromycin</term>
<term>Chloroquine</term>
<term>Hydroxychloroquine</term>
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<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 pandemic has spread to Africa, where nearly all countries have reported laboratory-confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Although there are ongoing clinical trials of repurposed and investigational antiviral and immune-based therapies, there are as yet no scientifically proven, clinically effective pharmacological treatments for COVID-19. Among the repurposed drugs, the commonly used antimalarials chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have become the focus of global scientific, media, and political attention despite a lack of randomized clinical trials supporting their efficacy. Chloroquine has been used worldwide for about 75 years and is listed by the WHO as an essential medicine to treat malaria. Hydroxychloroquine is mainly used as a therapy for autoimmune diseases. However, the efficacy and safety of CQ/HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19 remains to be defined. Indiscriminate promotion and widespread use of CQ/HCQ have led to extensive shortages, self-treatment, and fatal overdoses. Shortages and increased market prices leave all countries vulnerable to substandard and falsified medical products, and safety issues are especially concerning for Africa because of its healthcare system limitations. Much needed in Africa is a cross-continental collaborative network for coordinated production, distribution, and post-marketing surveillance aligned to low-cost distribution of any approved COVID-19 drug; this would ideally be piggybacked on existing global aid efforts. Meanwhile, African countries should strongly consider implementing prescription monitoring schemes to ensure that any off-label CQ/HCQ use is appropriate and beneficial during this pandemic.</div>
</front>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
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<DateRevised><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>28</Day>
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<Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1476-1645</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>102</Volume>
<Issue>6</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
</PubDate>
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<Title>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Am J Trop Med Hyg</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa: Caution for Inappropriate Off-label Use in Healthcare Settings.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>1184-1188</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 pandemic has spread to Africa, where nearly all countries have reported laboratory-confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Although there are ongoing clinical trials of repurposed and investigational antiviral and immune-based therapies, there are as yet no scientifically proven, clinically effective pharmacological treatments for COVID-19. Among the repurposed drugs, the commonly used antimalarials chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have become the focus of global scientific, media, and political attention despite a lack of randomized clinical trials supporting their efficacy. Chloroquine has been used worldwide for about 75 years and is listed by the WHO as an essential medicine to treat malaria. Hydroxychloroquine is mainly used as a therapy for autoimmune diseases. However, the efficacy and safety of CQ/HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19 remains to be defined. Indiscriminate promotion and widespread use of CQ/HCQ have led to extensive shortages, self-treatment, and fatal overdoses. Shortages and increased market prices leave all countries vulnerable to substandard and falsified medical products, and safety issues are especially concerning for Africa because of its healthcare system limitations. Much needed in Africa is a cross-continental collaborative network for coordinated production, distribution, and post-marketing surveillance aligned to low-cost distribution of any approved COVID-19 drug; this would ideally be piggybacked on existing global aid efforts. Meanwhile, African countries should strongly consider implementing prescription monitoring schemes to ensure that any off-label CQ/HCQ use is appropriate and beneficial during this pandemic.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abena</LastName>
<ForeName>Pascale M</ForeName>
<Initials>PM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic, Cameroon and Infectious Diseases Society of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Douala, Cameroon.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Decloedt</LastName>
<ForeName>Eric H</ForeName>
<Initials>EH</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bottieau</LastName>
<ForeName>Emmanuel</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Suleman</LastName>
<ForeName>Fatima</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adejumo</LastName>
<ForeName>Prisca</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nursing, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sam-Agudu</LastName>
<ForeName>Nadia A</ForeName>
<Initials>NA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Human Virology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muyembe TamFum</LastName>
<ForeName>Jean-Jacques</ForeName>
<Initials>JJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seydi</LastName>
<ForeName>Moussa</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Fann, Université Cheik Anta-Diop, Dakar, Sénégal.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eholie</LastName>
<ForeName>Serge P</ForeName>
<Initials>SP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité de Dermatologie et Infectiologie, Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Université Félix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unit of Infectious Diseases, Treichville University Teaching Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mills</LastName>
<ForeName>Edward J</ForeName>
<Initials>EJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Kigali School of Public Health, Kigali, Rwanda.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa: Caution for Inappropriate Off-label Use in Healthcare Settings.

Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa: Caution for Inappropriate Off-label Use in Healthcare Settings.

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