Finding the Dose for Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis for COVID-19: The Desperate Search for Effectiveness.
Identifieur interne : 001858 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001857; suivant : 001859Finding the Dose for Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis for COVID-19: The Desperate Search for Effectiveness.
Auteurs : Mahmoud Al-Kofahi ; Pamala Jacobson ; David R. Boulware ; Arthur Matas ; Raja Kandaswamy ; Mutaz M. Jaber ; Radha Rajasingham ; Jo-Anne H. Young ; Melanie R. NicolSource :
- Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics [ 1532-6535 ] ; 2020.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Antimalarials (administration & dosage), Antimalarials (blood), Betacoronavirus (drug effects), COVID-19 (MeSH), Coronavirus Infections (blood), Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (administration & dosage), Hydroxychloroquine (blood), Malaria (blood), Malaria (drug therapy), Models, Biological (MeSH), Pandemics (prevention & control), Pneumonia, Viral (blood), Pneumonia, Viral (prevention & control), Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (methods), SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH), Treatment Outcome (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Antimalarials, Hydroxychloroquine.
- chemical , blood : Antimalarials, Hydroxychloroquine.
- blood : Coronavirus Infections, Malaria, Pneumonia, Viral.
- drug effects : Betacoronavirus.
- drug therapy : Malaria.
- methods : Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis.
- prevention & control : Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral.
- COVID-19, Humans, Models, Biological, SARS-CoV-2, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug being tested as a potential treatment for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 remains uncertain, it may serve as a potential prophylactic agent especially in those at high risk, such as healthcare workers, household contacts of infected patients, and the immunocompromised. Our aim was to identify possible hydroxychloroquine dosing regimens through simulation in those at high risk of infections by optimizing exposures above the in vitro generated half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) and to help guide researchers in dose-selection for COVID-19 prophylactic studies. To maintain weekly troughs above EC50 in > 50% of subjects at steady-state in a pre-exposure prophylaxis setting, an 800 mg loading dose followed by 400 mg twice or 3 times weekly is required. In an exposure driven, post-exposure prophylaxis setting, 800 mg loading dose followed in 6 hours by 600 mg, then 600 mg daily for 4 more days achieved daily troughs above EC50 in > 50% subjects. These doses are higher than recommended for malaria chemoprophylaxis, and clinical trials are needed to establish safety and efficacy.
DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1874
PubMed: 32344449
PubMed Central: PMC7267462
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:32344449Le document en format XML
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Boulware</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matas, Arthur" sort="Matas, Arthur" uniqKey="Matas A" first="Arthur" last="Matas">Arthur Matas</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kandaswamy, Raja" sort="Kandaswamy, Raja" uniqKey="Kandaswamy R" first="Raja" last="Kandaswamy">Raja Kandaswamy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jaber, Mutaz M" sort="Jaber, Mutaz M" uniqKey="Jaber M" first="Mutaz M" last="Jaber">Mutaz M. Jaber</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajasingham, Radha" sort="Rajasingham, Radha" uniqKey="Rajasingham R" first="Radha" last="Rajasingham">Radha Rajasingham</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Jo Anne H" sort="Young, Jo Anne H" uniqKey="Young J" first="Jo-Anne H" last="Young">Jo-Anne H. Young</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicol, Melanie R" sort="Nicol, Melanie R" uniqKey="Nicol M" first="Melanie R" last="Nicol">Melanie R. Nicol</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics</title><idno type="eISSN">1532-6535</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antimalarials (administration & dosage)</term><term>Antimalarials (blood)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (drug effects)</term><term>COVID-19 (MeSH)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (blood)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (blood)</term><term>Malaria (blood)</term><term>Malaria (drug therapy)</term><term>Models, Biological (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (prevention & control)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (blood)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (prevention & control)</term><term>Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (methods)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH)</term><term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Antimalarials</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antimalarials</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Malaria</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Malaria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term><term>Humans</term><term>Models, Biological</term><term>SARS-CoV-2</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug being tested as a potential treatment for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 remains uncertain, it may serve as a potential prophylactic agent especially in those at high risk, such as healthcare workers, household contacts of infected patients, and the immunocompromised. Our aim was to identify possible hydroxychloroquine dosing regimens through simulation in those at high risk of infections by optimizing exposures above the in vitro generated half maximal effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub> ) and to help guide researchers in dose-selection for COVID-19 prophylactic studies. To maintain weekly troughs above EC<sub>50</sub> in > 50% of subjects at steady-state in a pre-exposure prophylaxis setting, an 800 mg loading dose followed by 400 mg twice or 3 times weekly is required. In an exposure driven, post-exposure prophylaxis setting, 800 mg loading dose followed in 6 hours by 600 mg, then 600 mg daily for 4 more days achieved daily troughs above EC<sub>50</sub> in > 50% subjects. These doses are higher than recommended for malaria chemoprophylaxis, and clinical trials are needed to establish safety and efficacy.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32344449</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1532-6535</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>108</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Clin Pharmacol Ther</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Finding the Dose for Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis for COVID-19: The Desperate Search for Effectiveness.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>766-769</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/cpt.1874</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug being tested as a potential treatment for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 remains uncertain, it may serve as a potential prophylactic agent especially in those at high risk, such as healthcare workers, household contacts of infected patients, and the immunocompromised. Our aim was to identify possible hydroxychloroquine dosing regimens through simulation in those at high risk of infections by optimizing exposures above the in vitro generated half maximal effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub> ) and to help guide researchers in dose-selection for COVID-19 prophylactic studies. To maintain weekly troughs above EC<sub>50</sub> in > 50% of subjects at steady-state in a pre-exposure prophylaxis setting, an 800 mg loading dose followed by 400 mg twice or 3 times weekly is required. In an exposure driven, post-exposure prophylaxis setting, 800 mg loading dose followed in 6 hours by 600 mg, then 600 mg daily for 4 more days achieved daily troughs above EC<sub>50</sub> in > 50% subjects. These doses are higher than recommended for malaria chemoprophylaxis, and clinical trials are needed to establish safety and efficacy.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 The Authors Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics © 2020 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Al-Kofahi</LastName><ForeName>Mahmoud</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jacobson</LastName><ForeName>Pamala</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boulware</LastName><ForeName>David R</ForeName><Initials>DR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Matas</LastName><ForeName>Arthur</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kandaswamy</LastName><ForeName>Raja</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jaber</LastName><ForeName>Mutaz M</ForeName><Initials>MM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rajasingham</LastName><ForeName>Radha</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Young</LastName><ForeName>Jo-Anne H</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nicol</LastName><ForeName>Melanie R</ForeName><Initials>MR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>K08 AI134262</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>K23 AI138851</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U01AI125003</GrantID><Agency>National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases</Agency><Country>International</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01AI140303</GrantID><Agency>National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases</Agency><Country>International</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>01</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Clin Pharmacol Ther</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0372741</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0009-9236</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000962">Antimalarials</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>4QWG6N8QKH</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006886">Hydroxychloroquine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>AIM</CitationSubset><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000962" MajorTopicYN="N">Antimalarials</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006886" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxychloroquine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008288" MajorTopicYN="N">Malaria</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008954" MajorTopicYN="N">Models, Biological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065129" MajorTopicYN="N">Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate 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