A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19.
Identifieur interne : 000B34 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000B33; suivant : 000B35A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19.
Auteurs : Nowair Hussain ; Emily Chung ; Jonathan J. Heyl ; Bisma Hussain ; Michael C. Oh ; Candis Pinon ; Soumya Boral ; David Chun ; Benson BabuSource :
- Cureus [ 2168-8184 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Introduction Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread throughout the world with a large medical and economic impact. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic. As a result of this worldwide public health crisis, politicians, elected officials, and healthcare professionals emergently began trialing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in efforts to treat and prevent the transmission of the virus. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of HCQ on patients with COVID-19. Methods This meta-analysis adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIMA) guidelines. Selected articles published between December 2019 and July 2020 were found utilizing the following search engines: PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, DisasterLit, Clinicaltrials.gov, Medrxiv, and Embase. Two independent physician reviewers screened eligible articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the analysis. The outcome measures analyzed were mortality rate, rate of disease progression/improvement, rate of disease severity, and adverse effects of treatment. Six out of 14 studies that met the study's eligibility criteria were selected and further analyzed, with a total of 381 participants (n= 381). Conclusion From the studies analyzed, it was found that groups treated with HCQ had an overall mortality rate that was 2.5 times greater than that of the control group. HCQ treated patients had higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes and side effects compared with the control populations. Lastly, there was a 1.2 times higher rate of improvement in the group of HCQ treated patients with mild to moderate symptoms as compared to the control group.
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10005
PubMed: 32983702
PubMed Central: PMC7515154
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Heyl</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hussain, Bisma" sort="Hussain, Bisma" uniqKey="Hussain B" first="Bisma" last="Hussain">Bisma Hussain</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Michael C" sort="Oh, Michael C" uniqKey="Oh M" first="Michael C" last="Oh">Michael C. Oh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinon, Candis" sort="Pinon, Candis" uniqKey="Pinon C" first="Candis" last="Pinon">Candis Pinon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boral, Soumya" sort="Boral, Soumya" uniqKey="Boral S" first="Soumya" last="Boral">Soumya Boral</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, Presidency University, Kolkata, IND.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chun, David" sort="Chun, David" uniqKey="Chun D" first="David" last="Chun">David Chun</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Babu, Benson" sort="Babu, Benson" uniqKey="Babu B" first="Benson" last="Babu">Benson Babu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Hospital Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32983702</idno><idno type="pmid">32983702</idno><idno type="doi">10.7759/cureus.10005</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7515154</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000B34</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000B34</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19.</title><author><name sortKey="Hussain, Nowair" sort="Hussain, Nowair" uniqKey="Hussain N" first="Nowair" last="Hussain">Nowair Hussain</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Emily" sort="Chung, Emily" uniqKey="Chung E" first="Emily" last="Chung">Emily Chung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heyl, Jonathan J" sort="Heyl, Jonathan J" uniqKey="Heyl J" first="Jonathan J" last="Heyl">Jonathan J. Heyl</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hussain, Bisma" sort="Hussain, Bisma" uniqKey="Hussain B" first="Bisma" last="Hussain">Bisma Hussain</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Michael C" sort="Oh, Michael C" uniqKey="Oh M" first="Michael C" last="Oh">Michael C. Oh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinon, Candis" sort="Pinon, Candis" uniqKey="Pinon C" first="Candis" last="Pinon">Candis Pinon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boral, Soumya" sort="Boral, Soumya" uniqKey="Boral S" first="Soumya" last="Boral">Soumya Boral</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, Presidency University, Kolkata, IND.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chun, David" sort="Chun, David" uniqKey="Chun D" first="David" last="Chun">David Chun</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Babu, Benson" sort="Babu, Benson" uniqKey="Babu B" first="Benson" last="Babu">Benson Babu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Hospital Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Cureus</title><idno type="ISSN">2168-8184</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Introduction Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread throughout the world with a large medical and economic impact. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic. As a result of this worldwide public health crisis, politicians, elected officials, and healthcare professionals emergently began trialing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in efforts to treat and prevent the transmission of the virus. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of HCQ on patients with COVID-19. Methods This meta-analysis adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIMA) guidelines. Selected articles published between December 2019 and July 2020 were found utilizing the following search engines: PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, DisasterLit, Clinicaltrials.gov, Medrxiv, and Embase. Two independent physician reviewers screened eligible articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the analysis. The outcome measures analyzed were mortality rate, rate of disease progression/improvement, rate of disease severity, and adverse effects of treatment. Six out of 14 studies that met the study's eligibility criteria were selected and further analyzed, with a total of 381 participants (n= 381). Conclusion From the studies analyzed, it was found that groups treated with HCQ had an overall mortality rate that was 2.5 times greater than that of the control group. HCQ treated patients had higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes and side effects compared with the control populations. Lastly, there was a 1.2 times higher rate of improvement in the group of HCQ treated patients with mild to moderate symptoms as compared to the control group.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32983702</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2168-8184</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>8</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>24</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Cureus</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Cureus</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e10005</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.7759/cureus.10005</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Introduction Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread throughout the world with a large medical and economic impact. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic. As a result of this worldwide public health crisis, politicians, elected officials, and healthcare professionals emergently began trialing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in efforts to treat and prevent the transmission of the virus. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of HCQ on patients with COVID-19. Methods This meta-analysis adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIMA) guidelines. Selected articles published between December 2019 and July 2020 were found utilizing the following search engines: PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, DisasterLit, Clinicaltrials.gov, Medrxiv, and Embase. Two independent physician reviewers screened eligible articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the analysis. The outcome measures analyzed were mortality rate, rate of disease progression/improvement, rate of disease severity, and adverse effects of treatment. Six out of 14 studies that met the study's eligibility criteria were selected and further analyzed, with a total of 381 participants (n= 381). Conclusion From the studies analyzed, it was found that groups treated with HCQ had an overall mortality rate that was 2.5 times greater than that of the control group. HCQ treated patients had higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes and side effects compared with the control populations. Lastly, there was a 1.2 times higher rate of improvement in the group of HCQ treated patients with mild to moderate symptoms as compared to the control group.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020, Hussain et al.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hussain</LastName><ForeName>Nowair</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chung</LastName><ForeName>Emily</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heyl</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan J</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hussain</LastName><ForeName>Bisma</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oh</LastName><ForeName>Michael C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, St. John's Episcopal Hospital, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pinon</LastName><ForeName>Candis</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boral</LastName><ForeName>Soumya</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, Presidency University, Kolkata, IND.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chun</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Babu</LastName><ForeName>Benson</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Cureus</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101596737</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2168-8184</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">azithromycin</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">chloroquine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">covid-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">hydroxychloroquine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">sars-cov-2</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32983702</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.7759/cureus.10005</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7515154</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar 26;382(13):1199-1207</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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