CovidChloroV1, Main, Corpus, bibRecord, 000964

Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster SARS-CoV-2 disease models.

Identifieur interne : 000964 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000963; suivant : 000965

Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster SARS-CoV-2 disease models.

Auteurs : Kyle Rosenke ; Michael A. Jarvis ; Friederike Feldmann ; Benjamin Schwarz ; Atsushi Okumura ; Jamie Lovaglio ; Greg Saturday ; Patrick W. Hanley ; Kimberly Meade-White ; Brandi N. Williamson ; Frederick Hansen ; Lizette Perez-Perez ; Shanna Leventhal ; Tsing-Lee Tang-Huau ; Julie Callison ; Elaine Haddock ; Kaitlin A. Stromberg ; Dana Scott ; Graham Sewell ; Catharine M. Bosio ; David Hawman ; Emmie De Wit ; Heinz Feldmann

Source :

JCI insight [ 2379-3708 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:33090972

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals (MeSH), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), COVID-19 (drug therapy), COVID-19 (pathology), COVID-19 (prevention & control), COVID-19 (therapy), Chlorocebus aethiops (MeSH), Cricetinae (MeSH), Cytokines (metabolism), Disease Models, Animal (MeSH), Drug Evaluation, Preclinical (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use), Lung (pathology), Lung (virology), Macaca mulatta (MeSH), Male (MeSH), SARS-CoV-2 (drug effects), Treatment Outcome (MeSH), Vero Cells (MeSH), Viral Load (drug effects), Virus Replication (drug effects), Virus Shedding (drug effects).
MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Cytokines.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiviral Agents, Hydroxychloroquine.
- drug effects : SARS-CoV-2, Viral Load, Virus Replication, Virus Shedding.
- drug therapy : COVID-19.
- pathology : COVID-19, Lung.
- prevention & control : COVID-19.
- therapy : COVID-19.
- virology : Lung.
- Animals, Chlorocebus aethiops, Cricetinae, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Male, Treatment Outcome, Vero Cells.

Abstract

We remain largely without effective prophylactic/therapeutic interventions for COVID-19. Although many human COVID-19 clinical trials are ongoing, there remains a deficiency of supportive preclinical drug efficacy studies to help guide decisions. Here we assessed the prophylactic/therapeutic efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a drug of interest for COVID-19 management, in 2 animal disease models. The standard human malaria HCQ prophylaxis (6.5 mg/kg given weekly) and treatment (6.5 mg/kg given daily) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome, nor did it reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. Similarly, when used for prophylaxis or treatment, neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Results from these 2 preclinical animal models may prove helpful in guiding clinical use of HCQ for prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.

DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143174
PubMed: 33090972
PubMed Central: PMC7714406

Links to Exploration step

pubmed:33090972

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Rosenke, Kyle" sort="Rosenke, Kyle" uniqKey="Rosenke K" first="Kyle" last="Rosenke">Kyle Rosenke</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jarvis, Michael A" sort="Jarvis, Michael A" uniqKey="Jarvis M" first="Michael A" last="Jarvis">Michael A. Jarvis</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom; The Vaccine Group Ltd, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Feldmann, Friederike" sort="Feldmann, Friederike" uniqKey="Feldmann F" first="Friederike" last="Feldmann">Friederike Feldmann</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Schwarz, Benjamin" sort="Schwarz, Benjamin" uniqKey="Schwarz B" first="Benjamin" last="Schwarz">Benjamin Schwarz</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Okumura, Atsushi" sort="Okumura, Atsushi" uniqKey="Okumura A" first="Atsushi" last="Okumura">Atsushi Okumura</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Lovaglio, Jamie" sort="Lovaglio, Jamie" uniqKey="Lovaglio J" first="Jamie" last="Lovaglio">Jamie Lovaglio</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Saturday, Greg" sort="Saturday, Greg" uniqKey="Saturday G" first="Greg" last="Saturday">Greg Saturday</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Hanley, Patrick W" sort="Hanley, Patrick W" uniqKey="Hanley P" first="Patrick W" last="Hanley">Patrick W. Hanley</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Meade White, Kimberly" sort="Meade White, Kimberly" uniqKey="Meade White K" first="Kimberly" last="Meade-White">Kimberly Meade-White</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Williamson, Brandi N" sort="Williamson, Brandi N" uniqKey="Williamson B" first="Brandi N" last="Williamson">Brandi N. Williamson</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hansen, Frederick" sort="Hansen, Frederick" uniqKey="Hansen F" first="Frederick" last="Hansen">Frederick Hansen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perez Perez, Lizette" sort="Perez Perez, Lizette" uniqKey="Perez Perez L" first="Lizette" last="Perez-Perez">Lizette Perez-Perez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leventhal, Shanna" sort="Leventhal, Shanna" uniqKey="Leventhal S" first="Shanna" last="Leventhal">Shanna Leventhal</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang Huau, Tsing Lee" sort="Tang Huau, Tsing Lee" uniqKey="Tang Huau T" first="Tsing-Lee" last="Tang-Huau">Tsing-Lee Tang-Huau</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Callison, Julie" sort="Callison, Julie" uniqKey="Callison J" first="Julie" last="Callison">Julie Callison</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haddock, Elaine" sort="Haddock, Elaine" uniqKey="Haddock E" first="Elaine" last="Haddock">Elaine Haddock</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stromberg, Kaitlin A" sort="Stromberg, Kaitlin A" uniqKey="Stromberg K" first="Kaitlin A" last="Stromberg">Kaitlin A. Stromberg</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Scott, Dana" sort="Scott, Dana" uniqKey="Scott D" first="Dana" last="Scott">Dana Scott</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sewell, Graham" sort="Sewell, Graham" uniqKey="Sewell G" first="Graham" last="Sewell">Graham Sewell</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bosio, Catharine M" sort="Bosio, Catharine M" uniqKey="Bosio C" first="Catharine M" last="Bosio">Catharine M. Bosio</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hawman, David" sort="Hawman, David" uniqKey="Hawman D" first="David" last="Hawman">David Hawman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Wit, Emmie" sort="De Wit, Emmie" uniqKey="De Wit E" first="Emmie" last="De Wit">Emmie De Wit</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Feldmann, Heinz" sort="Feldmann, Heinz" uniqKey="Feldmann H" first="Heinz" last="Feldmann">Heinz Feldmann</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster SARS-CoV-2 disease models.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Rosenke, Kyle" sort="Rosenke, Kyle" uniqKey="Rosenke K" first="Kyle" last="Rosenke">Kyle Rosenke</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jarvis, Michael A" sort="Jarvis, Michael A" uniqKey="Jarvis M" first="Michael A" last="Jarvis">Michael A. Jarvis</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom; The Vaccine Group Ltd, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Feldmann, Friederike" sort="Feldmann, Friederike" uniqKey="Feldmann F" first="Friederike" last="Feldmann">Friederike Feldmann</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schwarz, Benjamin" sort="Schwarz, Benjamin" uniqKey="Schwarz B" first="Benjamin" last="Schwarz">Benjamin Schwarz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Okumura, Atsushi" sort="Okumura, Atsushi" uniqKey="Okumura A" first="Atsushi" last="Okumura">Atsushi Okumura</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lovaglio, Jamie" sort="Lovaglio, Jamie" uniqKey="Lovaglio J" first="Jamie" last="Lovaglio">Jamie Lovaglio</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saturday, Greg" sort="Saturday, Greg" uniqKey="Saturday G" first="Greg" last="Saturday">Greg Saturday</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hanley, Patrick W" sort="Hanley, Patrick W" uniqKey="Hanley P" first="Patrick W" last="Hanley">Patrick W. Hanley</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meade White, Kimberly" sort="Meade White, Kimberly" uniqKey="Meade White K" first="Kimberly" last="Meade-White">Kimberly Meade-White</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Williamson, Brandi N" sort="Williamson, Brandi N" uniqKey="Williamson B" first="Brandi N" last="Williamson">Brandi N. Williamson</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hansen, Frederick" sort="Hansen, Frederick" uniqKey="Hansen F" first="Frederick" last="Hansen">Frederick Hansen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perez Perez, Lizette" sort="Perez Perez, Lizette" uniqKey="Perez Perez L" first="Lizette" last="Perez-Perez">Lizette Perez-Perez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leventhal, Shanna" sort="Leventhal, Shanna" uniqKey="Leventhal S" first="Shanna" last="Leventhal">Shanna Leventhal</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang Huau, Tsing Lee" sort="Tang Huau, Tsing Lee" uniqKey="Tang Huau T" first="Tsing-Lee" last="Tang-Huau">Tsing-Lee Tang-Huau</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Callison, Julie" sort="Callison, Julie" uniqKey="Callison J" first="Julie" last="Callison">Julie Callison</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haddock, Elaine" sort="Haddock, Elaine" uniqKey="Haddock E" first="Elaine" last="Haddock">Elaine Haddock</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stromberg, Kaitlin A" sort="Stromberg, Kaitlin A" uniqKey="Stromberg K" first="Kaitlin A" last="Stromberg">Kaitlin A. Stromberg</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Scott, Dana" sort="Scott, Dana" uniqKey="Scott D" first="Dana" last="Scott">Dana Scott</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sewell, Graham" sort="Sewell, Graham" uniqKey="Sewell G" first="Graham" last="Sewell">Graham Sewell</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bosio, Catharine M" sort="Bosio, Catharine M" uniqKey="Bosio C" first="Catharine M" last="Bosio">Catharine M. Bosio</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hawman, David" sort="Hawman, David" uniqKey="Hawman D" first="David" last="Hawman">David Hawman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Wit, Emmie" sort="De Wit, Emmie" uniqKey="De Wit E" first="Emmie" last="De Wit">Emmie De Wit</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Feldmann, Heinz" sort="Feldmann, Heinz" uniqKey="Feldmann H" first="Heinz" last="Feldmann">Heinz Feldmann</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (drug therapy)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (pathology)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (prevention & control)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (therapy)</term>
<term>Chlorocebus aethiops (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cricetinae (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cytokines (metabolism)</term>
<term>Disease Models, Animal (MeSH)</term>
<term>Drug Evaluation, Preclinical (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Lung (pathology)</term>
<term>Lung (virology)</term>
<term>Macaca mulatta (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>SARS-CoV-2 (drug effects)</term>
<term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term>
<term>Vero Cells (MeSH)</term>
<term>Viral Load (drug effects)</term>
<term>Virus Replication (drug effects)</term>
<term>Virus Shedding (drug effects)</term>
</keywords>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term>
<term>Hydroxychloroquine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term>
<term>Viral Load</term>
<term>Virus Replication</term>
<term>Virus Shedding</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
<term>Lung</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Lung</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term>
<term>Cricetinae</term>
<term>Disease Models, Animal</term>
<term>Drug Evaluation, Preclinical</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Macaca mulatta</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We remain largely without effective prophylactic/therapeutic interventions for COVID-19. Although many human COVID-19 clinical trials are ongoing, there remains a deficiency of supportive preclinical drug efficacy studies to help guide decisions. Here we assessed the prophylactic/therapeutic efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a drug of interest for COVID-19 management, in 2 animal disease models. The standard human malaria HCQ prophylaxis (6.5 mg/kg given weekly) and treatment (6.5 mg/kg given daily) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome, nor did it reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. Similarly, when used for prophylaxis or treatment, neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Results from these 2 preclinical animal models may prove helpful in guiding clinical use of HCQ for prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2379-3708</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>5</Volume>
<Issue>23</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>03</Day>
</PubDate>
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<Title>JCI insight</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>JCI Insight</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster SARS-CoV-2 disease models.</ArticleTitle>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1172/jci.insight.143174</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">143174</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>We remain largely without effective prophylactic/therapeutic interventions for COVID-19. Although many human COVID-19 clinical trials are ongoing, there remains a deficiency of supportive preclinical drug efficacy studies to help guide decisions. Here we assessed the prophylactic/therapeutic efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a drug of interest for COVID-19 management, in 2 animal disease models. The standard human malaria HCQ prophylaxis (6.5 mg/kg given weekly) and treatment (6.5 mg/kg given daily) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome, nor did it reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. Similarly, when used for prophylaxis or treatment, neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Results from these 2 preclinical animal models may prove helpful in guiding clinical use of HCQ for prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rosenke</LastName>
<ForeName>Kyle</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jarvis</LastName>
<ForeName>Michael A</ForeName>
<Initials>MA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom; The Vaccine Group Ltd, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feldmann</LastName>
<ForeName>Friederike</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch and.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schwarz</LastName>
<ForeName>Benjamin</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Okumura</LastName>
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Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster SARS-CoV-2 disease models.

Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster SARS-CoV-2 disease models.

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