Long-term application of hydroxychloroquine could not prevent the infection of COVID-19.
Identifieur interne : 000576 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000575; suivant : 000577Long-term application of hydroxychloroquine could not prevent the infection of COVID-19.
Auteurs : Yin Zhu ; Yongping Chen ; Yuewen Gong ; Aijun Pan ; Huijie Ding ; Jianjiang Fang ; Biyun Yu ; Boding Wang ; Chunhai Ke ; Lanman XuSource :
- Journal of infection in developing countries [ 1972-2680 ] ; 2020.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Antiviral Agents (administration & dosage), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), COVID-19 (diagnostic imaging), COVID-19 (drug therapy), COVID-19 (prevention & control), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (administration & dosage), Interferon alpha-2 (therapeutic use), Middle Aged (MeSH), Radiography (MeSH), SARS-CoV-2 (drug effects), Time Factors (MeSH), Treatment Outcome (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Antiviral Agents, Hydroxychloroquine.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiviral Agents, Interferon alpha-2.
- diagnostic imaging : COVID-19.
- drug effects : SARS-CoV-2.
- drug therapy : COVID-19.
- prevention & control : COVID-19.
- Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Radiography, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Current pandemic of the coronavirus induced disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents an urgent issue to the world due to lack of vaccine and medication. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has generated a lot of controversies whether it is effective in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Current report presents a 63-year-old woman who has taken HCQ for many years but still infected by COVID-19.
CASE PRESENTATION
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis came to the clinic with fever and sore throat. The patient has been treated with 200 mg HCQ per day since 2016. Laboratory tests showed that the patient had lymphopenia, increased levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Chest radiography showed that the patient had pneumonia. Throat swab test confirmed COVID-19 positive. On admission, she was treated with nebulized interferon alfa-2b, oral Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and ceftriaxone sodium for the COVID-19 in addition to HCQ. The patient stayed in hospital for 18 days, recovered from oxygen intake, and eventually discharged from hospital. Follow up investigation showed the patient developed antibody against COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term application of HCQ could not prevent COVID-19 infection, but whether HCQ exerts benefit to alleviation of clinical symptoms and duration of hospital stays remains to be further investigated.
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.13527
PubMed: 33378277
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:33378277Le document en format XML
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first="Yuewen" last="Gong">Yuewen Gong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>College of Pharmacy and Section of Hepatology of Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada. ywgong@live.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pan, Aijun" sort="Pan, Aijun" uniqKey="Pan A" first="Aijun" last="Pan">Aijun Pan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. nbzhljm1965@163.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ding, Huijie" sort="Ding, Huijie" uniqKey="Ding H" first="Huijie" last="Ding">Huijie Ding</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 158680114@qq.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fang, Jianjiang" sort="Fang, Jianjiang" uniqKey="Fang J" first="Jianjiang" last="Fang">Jianjiang Fang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. fangjjiang@sina.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Biyun" sort="Yu, Biyun" uniqKey="Yu B" first="Biyun" last="Yu">Biyun Yu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. ybyfish@163.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Boding" sort="Wang, Boding" uniqKey="Wang B" first="Boding" last="Wang">Boding Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. nbwbd@sina.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ke, Chunhai" sort="Ke, Chunhai" uniqKey="Ke C" first="Chunhai" last="Ke">Chunhai Ke</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 609098003@qq.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Lanman" sort="Xu, Lanman" uniqKey="Xu L" first="Lanman" last="Xu">Lanman Xu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 13587646315@163.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33378277</idno><idno type="pmid">33378277</idno><idno type="doi">10.3855/jidc.13527</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000576</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000576</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Long-term application of hydroxychloroquine could not prevent the infection of COVID-19.</title><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Yin" sort="Zhu, Yin" uniqKey="Zhu Y" first="Yin" last="Zhu">Yin Zhu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 923453707@qq.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yongping" sort="Chen, Yongping" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yongping" last="Chen">Yongping Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Control for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease of Zhejiang Province, China. did@wzhospital.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gong, Yuewen" sort="Gong, Yuewen" uniqKey="Gong Y" first="Yuewen" last="Gong">Yuewen Gong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>College of Pharmacy and Section of Hepatology of Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada. ywgong@live.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pan, Aijun" sort="Pan, Aijun" uniqKey="Pan A" first="Aijun" last="Pan">Aijun Pan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. nbzhljm1965@163.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ding, Huijie" sort="Ding, Huijie" uniqKey="Ding H" first="Huijie" last="Ding">Huijie Ding</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 158680114@qq.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fang, Jianjiang" sort="Fang, Jianjiang" uniqKey="Fang J" first="Jianjiang" last="Fang">Jianjiang Fang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. fangjjiang@sina.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Biyun" sort="Yu, Biyun" uniqKey="Yu B" first="Biyun" last="Yu">Biyun Yu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. ybyfish@163.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Boding" sort="Wang, Boding" uniqKey="Wang B" first="Boding" last="Wang">Boding Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. nbwbd@sina.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ke, Chunhai" sort="Ke, Chunhai" uniqKey="Ke C" first="Chunhai" last="Ke">Chunhai Ke</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 609098003@qq.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Lanman" sort="Xu, Lanman" uniqKey="Xu L" first="Lanman" last="Xu">Lanman Xu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 13587646315@163.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of infection in developing countries</title><idno type="eISSN">1972-2680</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents (administration & dosage)</term><term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>COVID-19 (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>COVID-19 (drug therapy)</term><term>COVID-19 (prevention & control)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Interferon alpha-2 (therapeutic use)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Radiography (MeSH)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (drug effects)</term><term>Time Factors (MeSH)</term><term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Interferon alpha-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Radiography</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>INTRODUCTION</b></p><p>Current pandemic of the coronavirus induced disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents an urgent issue to the world due to lack of vaccine and medication. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has generated a lot of controversies whether it is effective in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Current report presents a 63-year-old woman who has taken HCQ for many years but still infected by COVID-19.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CASE PRESENTATION</b></p><p>A patient with rheumatoid arthritis came to the clinic with fever and sore throat. The patient has been treated with 200 mg HCQ per day since 2016. Laboratory tests showed that the patient had lymphopenia, increased levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Chest radiography showed that the patient had pneumonia. Throat swab test confirmed COVID-19 positive. On admission, she was treated with nebulized interferon alfa-2b, oral Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and ceftriaxone sodium for the COVID-19 in addition to HCQ. The patient stayed in hospital for 18 days, recovered from oxygen intake, and eventually discharged from hospital. Follow up investigation showed the patient developed antibody against COVID-19.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Long-term application of HCQ could not prevent COVID-19 infection, but whether HCQ exerts benefit to alleviation of clinical symptoms and duration of hospital stays remains to be further investigated.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33378277</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>22</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>22</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1972-2680</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>31</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of infection in developing countries</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Infect Dev Ctries</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Long-term application of hydroxychloroquine could not prevent the infection of COVID-19.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1368-1373</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3855/jidc.13527</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION">Current pandemic of the coronavirus induced disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents an urgent issue to the world due to lack of vaccine and medication. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has generated a lot of controversies whether it is effective in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Current report presents a 63-year-old woman who has taken HCQ for many years but still infected by COVID-19.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CASE PRESENTATION">A patient with rheumatoid arthritis came to the clinic with fever and sore throat. The patient has been treated with 200 mg HCQ per day since 2016. Laboratory tests showed that the patient had lymphopenia, increased levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Chest radiography showed that the patient had pneumonia. Throat swab test confirmed COVID-19 positive. On admission, she was treated with nebulized interferon alfa-2b, oral Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and ceftriaxone sodium for the COVID-19 in addition to HCQ. The patient stayed in hospital for 18 days, recovered from oxygen intake, and eventually discharged from hospital. Follow up investigation showed the patient developed antibody against COVID-19.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">Long-term application of HCQ could not prevent COVID-19 infection, but whether HCQ exerts benefit to alleviation of clinical symptoms and duration of hospital stays remains to be further investigated.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright (c) 2020 Yin Zhu, Yongping Chen, Yuewen Gong, Aijun Pan , Huijie Ding, Jianjiang Fang , Biyun Yu, Boding Wang, Chunhai Ke, Lanman Xu.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhu</LastName><ForeName>Yin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 923453707@qq.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Yongping</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Control for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease of Zhejiang Province, China. did@wzhospital.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gong</LastName><ForeName>Yuewen</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Pharmacy and Section of Hepatology of Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada. ywgong@live.ca.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Aijun</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. nbzhljm1965@163.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ding</LastName><ForeName>Huijie</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Emergency, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 158680114@qq.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fang</LastName><ForeName>Jianjiang</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Emergency, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. fangjjiang@sina.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yu</LastName><ForeName>Biyun</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. ybyfish@163.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Boding</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. nbwbd@sina.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ke</LastName><ForeName>Chunhai</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 609098003@qq.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Lanman</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China. 13587646315@163.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D002363">Case Reports</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>31</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Italy</Country><MedlineTA>J Infect Dev Ctries</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101305410</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1972-2680</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000077190">Interferon alpha-2</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>4QWG6N8QKH</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006886">Hydroxychloroquine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000000981" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnostic imaging</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006886" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxychloroquine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000077190" MajorTopicYN="N">Interferon alpha-2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011859" MajorTopicYN="N">Radiography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013997" MajorTopicYN="N">Time Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">case report</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">hydroxychloroquine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">treatment</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>No Conflict of Interest is declared</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>20</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>17</Hour><Minute>10</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>31</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2021</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33378277</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3855/jidc.13527</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix 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