Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: Efficacy in the Treatment of the COVID-19.
Identifieur interne : 000273 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000272; suivant : 000274Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: Efficacy in the Treatment of the COVID-19.
Auteurs : Tzu-Chuan Ho ; Yung-Hsuan Wang ; Yi-Ling Chen ; Wan-Chi Tsai ; Che-Hsin Lee ; Kuo-Pin Chuang ; Yi-Ming Arthur Chen ; Cheng-Hui Yuan ; Sheng-Yow Ho ; Ming-Hui Yang ; Yu-Chang TyanSource :
- Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) [ 2076-0817 ] ; 2021.
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) and its derivative, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have attracted wide attention for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, conflicting outcomes have been found in COVID-19 clinical trials after treatment with CQ or HCQ. To date, it remains uncertain whether CQ and HCQ are beneficial antiviral drugs for combating COVID-19. We performed a systematic review to depict the efficacy of CQ or HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19. The guidelines of PRISMA were used to conduct this systematic review. We searched through articles from PubMed, Web of Science and other sources that were published from 1 January 2020 to 31 October 2020. The search terms included combinations of human COVID-19, CQ, and HCQ. Eleven qualitative articles comprising of four clinical trials and seven observation studies were utilized in our systematic review. The analysis shows that CQ and HCQ do not have efficacy in treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. In addition, CQ and HCQ have caused life-threatening adverse reactions which included cardiac arrest, electrocardiogram modification, and QTc prolongation, particularly during the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. Our systematic review suggested that CQ and HCQ are not beneficial antiviral drugs for curing patients with severe COVID-19. The treatment effect of CQ and HCQ is not only null but also causes serious side effects, which may cause potential cardiotoxicity in severe COVID-19 patients.
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020217
PubMed: 33671315
PubMed Central: PMC7922580
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Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yi Ming Arthur" sort="Chen, Yi Ming Arthur" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yi-Ming Arthur" last="Chen">Yi-Ming Arthur Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Cheng Hui" sort="Yuan, Cheng Hui" uniqKey="Yuan C" first="Cheng-Hui" last="Yuan">Cheng-Hui Yuan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Sheng Yow" sort="Ho, Sheng Yow" uniqKey="Ho S" first="Sheng-Yow" last="Ho">Sheng-Yow Ho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 710, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Ming Hui" sort="Yang, Ming Hui" uniqKey="Yang M" first="Ming-Hui" last="Yang">Ming-Hui Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyan, Yu Chang" sort="Tyan, Yu Chang" uniqKey="Tyan Y" first="Yu-Chang" last="Tyan">Yu-Chang Tyan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Neuroscience Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Cancer 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Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yung Hsuan" sort="Wang, Yung Hsuan" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yung-Hsuan" last="Wang">Yung-Hsuan Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>St. Dominic Catholic High School, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yi Ling" sort="Chen, Yi Ling" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yi-Ling" last="Chen">Yi-Ling Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, Wan Chi" sort="Tsai, Wan Chi" uniqKey="Tsai W" first="Wan-Chi" last="Tsai">Wan-Chi Tsai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Che Hsin" sort="Lee, Che Hsin" uniqKey="Lee C" first="Che-Hsin" last="Lee">Che-Hsin Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chuang, Kuo Pin" sort="Chuang, Kuo Pin" uniqKey="Chuang K" first="Kuo-Pin" last="Chuang">Kuo-Pin Chuang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yi Ming Arthur" sort="Chen, Yi Ming Arthur" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yi-Ming Arthur" last="Chen">Yi-Ming Arthur Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Cheng Hui" sort="Yuan, Cheng Hui" uniqKey="Yuan C" first="Cheng-Hui" last="Yuan">Cheng-Hui Yuan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Sheng Yow" sort="Ho, Sheng Yow" uniqKey="Ho S" first="Sheng-Yow" last="Ho">Sheng-Yow Ho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 710, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Ming Hui" sort="Yang, Ming Hui" uniqKey="Yang M" first="Ming-Hui" last="Yang">Ming-Hui Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyan, Yu Chang" sort="Tyan, Yu Chang" uniqKey="Tyan Y" first="Yu-Chang" last="Tyan">Yu-Chang Tyan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Neuroscience Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)</title><idno type="ISSN">2076-0817</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Chloroquine (CQ) and its derivative, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have attracted wide attention for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, conflicting outcomes have been found in COVID-19 clinical trials after treatment with CQ or HCQ. To date, it remains uncertain whether CQ and HCQ are beneficial antiviral drugs for combating COVID-19. We performed a systematic review to depict the efficacy of CQ or HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19. The guidelines of PRISMA were used to conduct this systematic review. We searched through articles from PubMed, Web of Science and other sources that were published from 1 January 2020 to 31 October 2020. The search terms included combinations of human COVID-19, CQ, and HCQ. Eleven qualitative articles comprising of four clinical trials and seven observation studies were utilized in our systematic review. The analysis shows that CQ and HCQ do not have efficacy in treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. In addition, CQ and HCQ have caused life-threatening adverse reactions which included cardiac arrest, electrocardiogram modification, and QTc prolongation, particularly during the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. Our systematic review suggested that CQ and HCQ are not beneficial antiviral drugs for curing patients with severe COVID-19. The treatment effect of CQ and HCQ is not only null but also causes serious side effects, which may cause potential cardiotoxicity in severe COVID-19 patients.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33671315</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2076-0817</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>10</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Feb</Month><Day>17</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Pathogens</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: Efficacy in the Treatment of the COVID-19.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">217</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/pathogens10020217</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Chloroquine (CQ) and its derivative, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have attracted wide attention for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, conflicting outcomes have been found in COVID-19 clinical trials after treatment with CQ or HCQ. To date, it remains uncertain whether CQ and HCQ are beneficial antiviral drugs for combating COVID-19. We performed a systematic review to depict the efficacy of CQ or HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19. The guidelines of PRISMA were used to conduct this systematic review. We searched through articles from PubMed, Web of Science and other sources that were published from 1 January 2020 to 31 October 2020. The search terms included combinations of human COVID-19, CQ, and HCQ. Eleven qualitative articles comprising of four clinical trials and seven observation studies were utilized in our systematic review. The analysis shows that CQ and HCQ do not have efficacy in treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. In addition, CQ and HCQ have caused life-threatening adverse reactions which included cardiac arrest, electrocardiogram modification, and QTc prolongation, particularly during the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. Our systematic review suggested that CQ and HCQ are not beneficial antiviral drugs for curing patients with severe COVID-19. The treatment effect of CQ and HCQ is not only null but also causes serious side effects, which may cause potential cardiotoxicity in severe COVID-19 patients.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ho</LastName><ForeName>Tzu-Chuan</ForeName><Initials>TC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yung-Hsuan</ForeName><Initials>YH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>St. Dominic Catholic High School, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Yi-Ling</ForeName><Initials>YL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tsai</LastName><ForeName>Wan-Chi</ForeName><Initials>WC</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-4490-3581</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Che-Hsin</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8543-3862</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chuang</LastName><ForeName>Kuo-Pin</ForeName><Initials>KP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Yi-Ming Arthur</ForeName><Initials>YA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yuan</LastName><ForeName>Cheng-Hui</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ho</LastName><ForeName>Sheng-Yow</ForeName><Initials>SY</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-3997-6575</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 710, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Ming-Hui</ForeName><Initials>MH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tyan</LastName><ForeName>Yu-Chang</ForeName><Initials>YC</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1917-5893</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neuroscience Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>MOST 108-2221-E-037-003</GrantID><Agency>Ministry of Science and Technology</Agency><Country></Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>17</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Pathogens</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101596317</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2076-0817</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">chloroquine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">coronavirus disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">hydroxychloroquine</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2021</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>6</Day><Hour>1</Hour><Minute>10</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2021</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2021</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33671315</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">pathogens10020217</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3390/pathogens10020217</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7922580</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>JAMA. 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