Therapeutic approaches to pediatric COVID-19: an online survey of pediatric rheumatologists.
Identifieur interne : 000259 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000258; suivant : 000260Therapeutic approaches to pediatric COVID-19: an online survey of pediatric rheumatologists.
Auteurs : Ales Janda ; Catharina Schuetz ; Scott Canna ; Mark Gorelik ; Maximilian Heeg ; Kirsten Minden ; Claas Hinze ; Ansgar Schulz ; Klaus-Michael Debatin ; Christian M. Hedrich ; Fabian SpethSource :
- Rheumatology international [ 1437-160X ] ; 2021.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Antirheumatic Agents (therapeutic use), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Autoimmune Diseases (complications), Autoimmune Diseases (drug therapy), COVID-19 (drug therapy), COVID-19 (epidemiology), Case-Control Studies (MeSH), Child (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Immunomodulation (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Rheumatology (methods), SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH), Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antirheumatic Agents, Antiviral Agents.
- complications : Autoimmune Diseases.
- drug therapy : Autoimmune Diseases, COVID-19.
- epidemiology : COVID-19.
- methods : Rheumatology.
- Case-Control Studies, Child, Humans, Immunomodulation, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Surveys and Questionnaires.
Abstract
Data on therapy of COVID-19 in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed children are scarce. We aimed to explore management strategies of pediatric rheumatologists. All subscribers to international Pediatric Rheumatology Bulletin Board were invited to take part in an online survey on therapeutic approaches to COVID-19 in healthy children and children with autoimmune/inflammatory diseases (AID). Off-label therapies would be considered by 90.3% of the 93 participating respondents. In stable patients with COVID-19 on oxygen supply (stage I), use of remdesivir (48.3%), azithromycin (26.6%), oral corticosteroids (25.4%) and/or hydroxychloroquine (21.9%) would be recommended. In case of early signs of "cytokine storm" (stage II) or in critically ill patients (stage III) (a) anakinra (79.5% stage II; 83.6% stage III) or tocilizumab (58.0% and 87.0%, respectively); (b) corticosteroids (oral 67.2% stage II, intravenously 81.7% stage III); (c) intravenous immunoglobulins (both stages 56.5%); or (d) remdesivir (both stages 46.7%) were considered. In AID, > 94.2% of the respondents would not support a preventive adaptation of the immunomodulating therapy. In case of mild COVID-19, more than 50% of the respondents would continue pre-existing treatment with immunoglobulins (100%), hydroxychloroquine (94.2%), anakinra (79.2%) or canakinumab (72.5%), or tocilizumab (69.8%). Long-term corticosteroids would be reduced by 26.9% (< = 2 mg/kg/d) and 50.0% (> 2 mg/kg/day), respectively, with only 5.8% of respondents voting to discontinue the therapy. Conversely, more than 75% of respondents would refrain from administering cyclophosphamide and anti-CD20-antibodies. As evidence on management of pediatric COVID-19 is incomplete, continuous and critical expert opinion and knowledge exchange is helpful.
DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04824-4
PubMed: 33683393
PubMed Central: PMC7938886
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:33683393Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Therapeutic approaches to pediatric COVID-19: an online survey of pediatric rheumatologists.</title><author><name sortKey="Janda, Ales" sort="Janda, Ales" uniqKey="Janda A" first="Ales" last="Janda">Ales Janda</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany. ales.janda@uniklinik-ulm.de.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuetz, Catharina" sort="Schuetz, Catharina" uniqKey="Schuetz C" first="Catharina" last="Schuetz">Catharina Schuetz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Canna, Scott" sort="Canna, Scott" uniqKey="Canna S" first="Scott" last="Canna">Scott Canna</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gorelik, Mark" sort="Gorelik, Mark" uniqKey="Gorelik M" first="Mark" last="Gorelik">Mark Gorelik</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Childrens Hospital of New York, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heeg, Maximilian" sort="Heeg, Maximilian" uniqKey="Heeg M" first="Maximilian" last="Heeg">Maximilian Heeg</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Minden, Kirsten" sort="Minden, Kirsten" uniqKey="Minden K" first="Kirsten" last="Minden">Kirsten Minden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Charité University Medicine Berlin, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hinze, Claas" sort="Hinze, Claas" uniqKey="Hinze C" first="Claas" last="Hinze">Claas Hinze</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulz, Ansgar" sort="Schulz, Ansgar" uniqKey="Schulz A" first="Ansgar" last="Schulz">Ansgar Schulz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Debatin, Klaus Michael" sort="Debatin, Klaus Michael" uniqKey="Debatin K" first="Klaus-Michael" last="Debatin">Klaus-Michael Debatin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hedrich, Christian M" sort="Hedrich, Christian M" uniqKey="Hedrich C" first="Christian M" last="Hedrich">Christian M. Hedrich</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool & Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Childrens NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, Great Britain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Speth, Fabian" sort="Speth, Fabian" uniqKey="Speth F" first="Fabian" last="Speth">Fabian Speth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immunology Unit, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2021">2021</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33683393</idno><idno type="pmid">33683393</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s00296-021-04824-4</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7938886</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000259</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000259</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Therapeutic approaches to pediatric COVID-19: an online survey of pediatric rheumatologists.</title><author><name sortKey="Janda, Ales" sort="Janda, Ales" uniqKey="Janda A" first="Ales" last="Janda">Ales Janda</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany. ales.janda@uniklinik-ulm.de.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuetz, Catharina" sort="Schuetz, Catharina" uniqKey="Schuetz C" first="Catharina" last="Schuetz">Catharina Schuetz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Canna, Scott" sort="Canna, Scott" uniqKey="Canna S" first="Scott" last="Canna">Scott Canna</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gorelik, Mark" sort="Gorelik, Mark" uniqKey="Gorelik M" first="Mark" last="Gorelik">Mark Gorelik</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Childrens Hospital of New York, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heeg, Maximilian" sort="Heeg, Maximilian" uniqKey="Heeg M" first="Maximilian" last="Heeg">Maximilian Heeg</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Minden, Kirsten" sort="Minden, Kirsten" uniqKey="Minden K" first="Kirsten" last="Minden">Kirsten Minden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Charité University Medicine Berlin, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hinze, Claas" sort="Hinze, Claas" uniqKey="Hinze C" first="Claas" last="Hinze">Claas Hinze</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulz, Ansgar" sort="Schulz, Ansgar" uniqKey="Schulz A" first="Ansgar" last="Schulz">Ansgar Schulz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Debatin, Klaus Michael" sort="Debatin, Klaus Michael" uniqKey="Debatin K" first="Klaus-Michael" last="Debatin">Klaus-Michael Debatin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hedrich, Christian M" sort="Hedrich, Christian M" uniqKey="Hedrich C" first="Christian M" last="Hedrich">Christian M. Hedrich</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool & Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Childrens NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, Great Britain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Speth, Fabian" sort="Speth, Fabian" uniqKey="Speth F" first="Fabian" last="Speth">Fabian Speth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immunology Unit, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Rheumatology international</title><idno type="eISSN">1437-160X</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antirheumatic Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Autoimmune Diseases (complications)</term><term>Autoimmune Diseases (drug therapy)</term><term>COVID-19 (drug therapy)</term><term>COVID-19 (epidemiology)</term><term>Case-Control Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Child (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Immunomodulation (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Rheumatology (methods)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH)</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antirheumatic Agents</term><term>Antiviral Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Autoimmune Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Autoimmune Diseases</term><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Rheumatology</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Child</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunomodulation</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>SARS-CoV-2</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Data on therapy of COVID-19 in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed children are scarce. We aimed to explore management strategies of pediatric rheumatologists. All subscribers to international Pediatric Rheumatology Bulletin Board were invited to take part in an online survey on therapeutic approaches to COVID-19 in healthy children and children with autoimmune/inflammatory diseases (AID). Off-label therapies would be considered by 90.3% of the 93 participating respondents. In stable patients with COVID-19 on oxygen supply (stage I), use of remdesivir (48.3%), azithromycin (26.6%), oral corticosteroids (25.4%) and/or hydroxychloroquine (21.9%) would be recommended. In case of early signs of "cytokine storm" (stage II) or in critically ill patients (stage III) (a) anakinra (79.5% stage II; 83.6% stage III) or tocilizumab (58.0% and 87.0%, respectively); (b) corticosteroids (oral 67.2% stage II, intravenously 81.7% stage III); (c) intravenous immunoglobulins (both stages 56.5%); or (d) remdesivir (both stages 46.7%) were considered. In AID, > 94.2% of the respondents would not support a preventive adaptation of the immunomodulating therapy. In case of mild COVID-19, more than 50% of the respondents would continue pre-existing treatment with immunoglobulins (100%), hydroxychloroquine (94.2%), anakinra (79.2%) or canakinumab (72.5%), or tocilizumab (69.8%). Long-term corticosteroids would be reduced by 26.9% (< = 2 mg/kg/d) and 50.0% (> 2 mg/kg/day), respectively, with only 5.8% of respondents voting to discontinue the therapy. Conversely, more than 75% of respondents would refrain from administering cyclophosphamide and anti-CD20-antibodies. As evidence on management of pediatric COVID-19 is incomplete, continuous and critical expert opinion and knowledge exchange is helpful.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33683393</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>19</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1437-160X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>41</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>05</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Rheumatology international</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Rheumatol Int</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Therapeutic approaches to pediatric COVID-19: an online survey of pediatric rheumatologists.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>911-920</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00296-021-04824-4</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Data on therapy of COVID-19 in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed children are scarce. We aimed to explore management strategies of pediatric rheumatologists. All subscribers to international Pediatric Rheumatology Bulletin Board were invited to take part in an online survey on therapeutic approaches to COVID-19 in healthy children and children with autoimmune/inflammatory diseases (AID). Off-label therapies would be considered by 90.3% of the 93 participating respondents. In stable patients with COVID-19 on oxygen supply (stage I), use of remdesivir (48.3%), azithromycin (26.6%), oral corticosteroids (25.4%) and/or hydroxychloroquine (21.9%) would be recommended. In case of early signs of "cytokine storm" (stage II) or in critically ill patients (stage III) (a) anakinra (79.5% stage II; 83.6% stage III) or tocilizumab (58.0% and 87.0%, respectively); (b) corticosteroids (oral 67.2% stage II, intravenously 81.7% stage III); (c) intravenous immunoglobulins (both stages 56.5%); or (d) remdesivir (both stages 46.7%) were considered. In AID, > 94.2% of the respondents would not support a preventive adaptation of the immunomodulating therapy. In case of mild COVID-19, more than 50% of the respondents would continue pre-existing treatment with immunoglobulins (100%), hydroxychloroquine (94.2%), anakinra (79.2%) or canakinumab (72.5%), or tocilizumab (69.8%). Long-term corticosteroids would be reduced by 26.9% (< = 2 mg/kg/d) and 50.0% (> 2 mg/kg/day), respectively, with only 5.8% of respondents voting to discontinue the therapy. Conversely, more than 75% of respondents would refrain from administering cyclophosphamide and anti-CD20-antibodies. As evidence on management of pediatric COVID-19 is incomplete, continuous and critical expert opinion and knowledge exchange is helpful.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Janda</LastName><ForeName>Ales</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5604-8378</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany. ales.janda@uniklinik-ulm.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schuetz</LastName><ForeName>Catharina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Canna</LastName><ForeName>Scott</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gorelik</LastName><ForeName>Mark</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Childrens Hospital of New York, New York, NY, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heeg</LastName><ForeName>Maximilian</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Minden</LastName><ForeName>Kirsten</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Charité University Medicine Berlin, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hinze</LastName><ForeName>Claas</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schulz</LastName><ForeName>Ansgar</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Debatin</LastName><ForeName>Klaus-Michael</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hedrich</LastName><ForeName>Christian M</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool & Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Childrens NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, Great Britain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Speth</LastName><ForeName>Fabian</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immunology Unit, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>08</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Rheumatol Int</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8206885</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0172-8172</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D018501">Antirheumatic Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018501" MajorTopicYN="N">Antirheumatic Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001327" MajorTopicYN="N">Autoimmune Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056747" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunomodulation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012219" MajorTopicYN="N">Rheumatology</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011795" MajorTopicYN="N">Surveys and Questionnaires</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Autoimmune disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Children</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Inflammation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Opinion poll</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Pediatric rheumatology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Treatment</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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|area= CovidChloroV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:33683393
|texte= Therapeutic approaches to pediatric COVID-19: an online survey of pediatric rheumatologists.
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Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:33683393" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a CovidChloroV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.38. |  |