Evaluation of the Current Therapeutic Approaches for COVID-19: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis.
Identifieur interne : 000159 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000158; suivant : 000160Evaluation of the Current Therapeutic Approaches for COVID-19: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis.
Auteurs : Zeinab Abdelrahman ; Qian Liu ; Shanmei Jiang ; Mengyuan Li ; Qingrong Sun ; Yue Zhang ; Xiaosheng WangSource :
- Frontiers in pharmacology [ 1663-9812 ] ; 2021.
Abstract
Background: Limited data on the efficacy and safety of currently applied COVID-19 therapeutics and their impact on COVID-19 outcomes have raised additional concern. Objective and Methods: To estimate the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 therapeutics, we performed meta-analyses of the studies reporting clinical features and treatments of COVID-19 published from January 21 to September 6, 2020. Results: We included 136 studies that involved 102,345 COVID-19 patients. The most prevalent treatments were antibiotics (proportion: 0.59, 95% CI: [0.51, 0.67]) and antivirals (proportion: 0.52, 95% CI: [0.44, 0.60]). The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and Arbidol was the most effective in treating COVID-19 (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.68, 95% CI: [0.15, 1.21]). The use of corticosteroids was associated with a small clinical improvement (SMD = -0.40, 95% CI: [-0.85, -0.23]), but with a higher risk of disease progression and death (mortality: RR = 9.26, 95% CI: [4.81, 17.80]; hospitalization length: RR = 1.54, 95% CI: [1.39, 1.72]; severe adverse events: RR = 2.65, 95% CI: [2.09, 3.37]). The use of hydroxychloroquine was associated with a higher risk of death (RR = 1.68, 95% CI: [1.18, 2.38]). The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, and interferon-β (RR = 0.34, 95% CI: [0.22, 0.54]); hydroxychloroquine (RR = 0.58, 95% CI: [0.39, 0.58]); and lopinavir/ritonavir (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: [0.56, 0.91]) was associated with reduced hospitalization length. Hydrocortisone (RR = 0.05, 95% CI: [0.03, 0.10]) and remdesivir (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: [0.62, 0.90]) were associated with lower incidence of severe adverse events. Dexamethasone was not significant in reducing disease progression (RR = 0.45, 95% CI: [0.16, 1.25]) and mortality (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: [0.70, 1.16]). The estimated combination of corticosteroids with antivirals was associated with a better clinical improvement than antivirals alone (SMD = -1.09, 95% CI: [-1.64, -0.53]). Conclusion: Antivirals are safe and effective in COVID-19 treatment. Remdesivir cannot significantly reduce COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization length, while it is associated with a lower incidence of severe adverse events. Corticosteroids could increase COVID-19 severity, but it could be beneficial when combined with antivirals. Our data are potentially valuable for the clinical treatment and management of COVID-19 patients.
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.607408
PubMed: 33790785
PubMed Central: PMC8005525
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pubmed:33790785Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yue" sort="Zhang, Yue" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yue" last="Zhang">Yue Zhang</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xiaosheng" sort="Wang, Xiaosheng" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xiaosheng" last="Wang">Xiaosheng Wang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Liu, Qian" sort="Liu, Qian" uniqKey="Liu Q" first="Qian" last="Liu">Qian Liu</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><b>Background:</b>
Limited data on the efficacy and safety of currently applied COVID-19 therapeutics and their impact on COVID-19 outcomes have raised additional concern. <b>Objective and Methods:</b>
To estimate the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 therapeutics, we performed meta-analyses of the studies reporting clinical features and treatments of COVID-19 published from January 21 to September 6, 2020. <b>Results:</b>
We included 136 studies that involved 102,345 COVID-19 patients. The most prevalent treatments were antibiotics (proportion: 0.59, 95% CI: [0.51, 0.67]) and antivirals (proportion: 0.52, 95% CI: [0.44, 0.60]). The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and Arbidol was the most effective in treating COVID-19 (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.68, 95% CI: [0.15, 1.21]). The use of corticosteroids was associated with a small clinical improvement (SMD = -0.40, 95% CI: [-0.85, -0.23]), but with a higher risk of disease progression and death (mortality: RR = 9.26, 95% CI: [4.81, 17.80]; hospitalization length: RR = 1.54, 95% CI: [1.39, 1.72]; severe adverse events: RR = 2.65, 95% CI: [2.09, 3.37]). The use of hydroxychloroquine was associated with a higher risk of death (RR = 1.68, 95% CI: [1.18, 2.38]). The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, and interferon-β (RR = 0.34, 95% CI: [0.22, 0.54]); hydroxychloroquine (RR = 0.58, 95% CI: [0.39, 0.58]); and lopinavir/ritonavir (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: [0.56, 0.91]) was associated with reduced hospitalization length. Hydrocortisone (RR = 0.05, 95% CI: [0.03, 0.10]) and remdesivir (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: [0.62, 0.90]) were associated with lower incidence of severe adverse events. Dexamethasone was not significant in reducing disease progression (RR = 0.45, 95% CI: [0.16, 1.25]) and mortality (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: [0.70, 1.16]). The estimated combination of corticosteroids with antivirals was associated with a better clinical improvement than antivirals alone (SMD = -1.09, 95% CI: [-1.64, -0.53]). <b>Conclusion:</b>
Antivirals are safe and effective in COVID-19 treatment. Remdesivir cannot significantly reduce COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization length, while it is associated with a lower incidence of severe adverse events. Corticosteroids could increase COVID-19 severity, but it could be beneficial when combined with antivirals. Our data are potentially valuable for the clinical treatment and management of COVID-19 patients.</div>
</front>
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<Month>05</Month>
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<Title>Frontiers in pharmacology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Front Pharmacol</ISOAbbreviation>
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<ArticleTitle>Evaluation of the Current Therapeutic Approaches for COVID-19: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle>
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<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fphar.2021.607408</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText><b>Background:</b>
Limited data on the efficacy and safety of currently applied COVID-19 therapeutics and their impact on COVID-19 outcomes have raised additional concern. <b>Objective and Methods:</b>
To estimate the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 therapeutics, we performed meta-analyses of the studies reporting clinical features and treatments of COVID-19 published from January 21 to September 6, 2020. <b>Results:</b>
We included 136 studies that involved 102,345 COVID-19 patients. The most prevalent treatments were antibiotics (proportion: 0.59, 95% CI: [0.51, 0.67]) and antivirals (proportion: 0.52, 95% CI: [0.44, 0.60]). The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and Arbidol was the most effective in treating COVID-19 (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.68, 95% CI: [0.15, 1.21]). The use of corticosteroids was associated with a small clinical improvement (SMD = -0.40, 95% CI: [-0.85, -0.23]), but with a higher risk of disease progression and death (mortality: RR = 9.26, 95% CI: [4.81, 17.80]; hospitalization length: RR = 1.54, 95% CI: [1.39, 1.72]; severe adverse events: RR = 2.65, 95% CI: [2.09, 3.37]). The use of hydroxychloroquine was associated with a higher risk of death (RR = 1.68, 95% CI: [1.18, 2.38]). The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, and interferon-β (RR = 0.34, 95% CI: [0.22, 0.54]); hydroxychloroquine (RR = 0.58, 95% CI: [0.39, 0.58]); and lopinavir/ritonavir (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: [0.56, 0.91]) was associated with reduced hospitalization length. Hydrocortisone (RR = 0.05, 95% CI: [0.03, 0.10]) and remdesivir (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: [0.62, 0.90]) were associated with lower incidence of severe adverse events. Dexamethasone was not significant in reducing disease progression (RR = 0.45, 95% CI: [0.16, 1.25]) and mortality (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: [0.70, 1.16]). The estimated combination of corticosteroids with antivirals was associated with a better clinical improvement than antivirals alone (SMD = -1.09, 95% CI: [-1.64, -0.53]). <b>Conclusion:</b>
Antivirals are safe and effective in COVID-19 treatment. Remdesivir cannot significantly reduce COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization length, while it is associated with a lower incidence of severe adverse events. Corticosteroids could increase COVID-19 severity, but it could be beneficial when combined with antivirals. Our data are potentially valuable for the clinical treatment and management of COVID-19 patients.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2021 Abdelrahman, Liu, Jiang, Li, Sun, Zhang and Wang.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abdelrahman</LastName>
<ForeName>Zeinab</ForeName>
<Initials>Z</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName>
<ForeName>Qian</ForeName>
<Initials>Q</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName>
<ForeName>Shanmei</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName>
<ForeName>Mengyuan</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sun</LastName>
<ForeName>Qingrong</ForeName>
<Initials>Q</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName>
<ForeName>Yue</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pinghu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName>
<ForeName>Xiaosheng</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country>
<MedlineTA>Front Pharmacol</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101548923</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1663-9812</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19 treatment</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">antiviral agents</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">dexamethasone</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">hydroxychloroquine</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">meta-analysis</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">remdesivir</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
<CoiStatement>The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.</CoiStatement>
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