Oncolytic newcastle disease virus triggers cell death of lung cancer spheroids and is enhanced by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy.
Identifieur interne : 000218 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000217; suivant : 000219Oncolytic newcastle disease virus triggers cell death of lung cancer spheroids and is enhanced by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy.
Auteurs : Lulu Hu ; Sulan Sun ; Tianpeng Wang ; Yingchun Li ; Ke Jiang ; Guibin Lin ; Yan Ma ; Martin P. Barr ; Fei Song ; Guirong Zhang ; Songshu MengSource :
- American journal of cancer research [ 2156-6976 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently been isolated from lung cancer patient samples and have been reported to be responsible for tumor initiation, treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. We have previously shown that oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV), strain FMW (NDV/FMW) induces apoptosis in drug-resistant lung cancer cells. However, how NDV exerts its oncolytic effect on lung CSCs remains to be investigated. Here we show that NDV/FMW replicates in, and lyses CSC-enriched lung cancer spheroids and inhibits the 3D growth potential of lung cancer spheroid and agar colonies. We demonstrate that NDV/FMW triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis in lung cancer spheroids as shown by increased caspase-3 processing and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Notably, NDV/FMW infection results in the degradation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) II and P62, two hallmarks of autophagy maturation, indicating that NDV/FMW promotes autophagy flux in lung cancer cell spheroids. This was further confirmed by the appearance of an increased number of double-membrane vesicles as detected by transmission electron microscopy. We also show that NDV/FMW promotes autophagy degradation in lung cancer spheroids via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. In addition, treatment of spheroids with the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine increases NDV/FMW-induced cytotoxicity. Collectively, our data show that oncolytic NDV/FMW may be a potential strategy in targeting lung CSCs.
PubMed: 26885450
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26885450Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Oncolytic newcastle disease virus triggers cell death of lung cancer spheroids and is enhanced by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy.</title><author><name sortKey="Hu, Lulu" sort="Hu, Lulu" uniqKey="Hu L" first="Lulu" last="Hu">Lulu Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, Sulan" sort="Sun, Sulan" uniqKey="Sun S" first="Sulan" last="Sun">Sulan Sun</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Tianpeng" sort="Wang, Tianpeng" uniqKey="Wang T" first="Tianpeng" last="Wang">Tianpeng Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Yingchun" sort="Li, Yingchun" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yingchun" last="Li">Yingchun Li</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Ke" sort="Jiang, Ke" uniqKey="Jiang K" first="Ke" last="Jiang">Ke Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Guibin" sort="Lin, Guibin" uniqKey="Lin G" first="Guibin" last="Lin">Guibin Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University 48 East, Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Yan" sort="Ma, Yan" uniqKey="Ma Y" first="Yan" last="Ma">Yan Ma</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University 48 East, Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, Martin P" sort="Barr, Martin P" uniqKey="Barr M" first="Martin P" last="Barr">Martin P. Barr</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St. James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Fei" sort="Song, Fei" uniqKey="Song F" first="Fei" last="Song">Fei Song</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Guirong" sort="Zhang, Guirong" uniqKey="Zhang G" first="Guirong" last="Zhang">Guirong Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meng, Songshu" sort="Meng, Songshu" uniqKey="Meng S" first="Songshu" last="Meng">Songshu Meng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26885450</idno><idno type="pmid">26885450</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000218</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000218</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Oncolytic newcastle disease virus triggers cell death of lung cancer spheroids and is enhanced by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy.</title><author><name sortKey="Hu, Lulu" sort="Hu, Lulu" uniqKey="Hu L" first="Lulu" last="Hu">Lulu Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, Sulan" sort="Sun, Sulan" uniqKey="Sun S" first="Sulan" last="Sun">Sulan Sun</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Tianpeng" sort="Wang, Tianpeng" uniqKey="Wang T" first="Tianpeng" last="Wang">Tianpeng Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Yingchun" sort="Li, Yingchun" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yingchun" last="Li">Yingchun Li</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Ke" sort="Jiang, Ke" uniqKey="Jiang K" first="Ke" last="Jiang">Ke Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Guibin" sort="Lin, Guibin" uniqKey="Lin G" first="Guibin" last="Lin">Guibin Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University 48 East, Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Yan" sort="Ma, Yan" uniqKey="Ma Y" first="Yan" last="Ma">Yan Ma</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University 48 East, Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, Martin P" sort="Barr, Martin P" uniqKey="Barr M" first="Martin P" last="Barr">Martin P. Barr</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St. James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Fei" sort="Song, Fei" uniqKey="Song F" first="Fei" last="Song">Fei Song</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Guirong" sort="Zhang, Guirong" uniqKey="Zhang G" first="Guirong" last="Zhang">Guirong Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meng, Songshu" sort="Meng, Songshu" uniqKey="Meng S" first="Songshu" last="Meng">Songshu Meng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">American journal of cancer research</title><idno type="ISSN">2156-6976</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently been isolated from lung cancer patient samples and have been reported to be responsible for tumor initiation, treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. We have previously shown that oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV), strain FMW (NDV/FMW) induces apoptosis in drug-resistant lung cancer cells. However, how NDV exerts its oncolytic effect on lung CSCs remains to be investigated. Here we show that NDV/FMW replicates in, and lyses CSC-enriched lung cancer spheroids and inhibits the 3D growth potential of lung cancer spheroid and agar colonies. We demonstrate that NDV/FMW triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis in lung cancer spheroids as shown by increased caspase-3 processing and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Notably, NDV/FMW infection results in the degradation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) II and P62, two hallmarks of autophagy maturation, indicating that NDV/FMW promotes autophagy flux in lung cancer cell spheroids. This was further confirmed by the appearance of an increased number of double-membrane vesicles as detected by transmission electron microscopy. We also show that NDV/FMW promotes autophagy degradation in lung cancer spheroids via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. In addition, treatment of spheroids with the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine increases NDV/FMW-induced cytotoxicity. Collectively, our data show that oncolytic NDV/FMW may be a potential strategy in targeting lung CSCs. </div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26885450</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>17</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2156-6976</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>5</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>American journal of cancer research</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Am J Cancer Res</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Oncolytic newcastle disease virus triggers cell death of lung cancer spheroids and is enhanced by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>3612-23</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently been isolated from lung cancer patient samples and have been reported to be responsible for tumor initiation, treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. We have previously shown that oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV), strain FMW (NDV/FMW) induces apoptosis in drug-resistant lung cancer cells. However, how NDV exerts its oncolytic effect on lung CSCs remains to be investigated. Here we show that NDV/FMW replicates in, and lyses CSC-enriched lung cancer spheroids and inhibits the 3D growth potential of lung cancer spheroid and agar colonies. We demonstrate that NDV/FMW triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis in lung cancer spheroids as shown by increased caspase-3 processing and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Notably, NDV/FMW infection results in the degradation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) II and P62, two hallmarks of autophagy maturation, indicating that NDV/FMW promotes autophagy flux in lung cancer cell spheroids. This was further confirmed by the appearance of an increased number of double-membrane vesicles as detected by transmission electron microscopy. We also show that NDV/FMW promotes autophagy degradation in lung cancer spheroids via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. In addition, treatment of spheroids with the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine increases NDV/FMW-induced cytotoxicity. Collectively, our data show that oncolytic NDV/FMW may be a potential strategy in targeting lung CSCs. </AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName><ForeName>Lulu</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sun</LastName><ForeName>Sulan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Tianpeng</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Yingchun</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Ke</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lin</LastName><ForeName>Guibin</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University 48 East, Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ma</LastName><ForeName>Yan</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University 48 East, Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barr</LastName><ForeName>Martin P</ForeName><Initials>MP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St. James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Song</LastName><ForeName>Fei</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Guirong</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biotherapy Research Center, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Meng</LastName><ForeName>Songshu</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>15</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Am J Cancer Res</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101549944</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2156-6976</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Newcastle disease virus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">apoptosis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">autophagy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">cancer stem cell</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">lung cancer</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">spheroid</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26885450</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4731635</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Cancer Lett. 2001 Oct 22;172(1):27-36</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">11595126</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Cancer Lett. 2012 Apr 1;317(1):56-64</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22095029</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2010 Nov 19;5(11):e14062</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21124918</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Sci Transl Med. 2014 Mar 5;6(226):226ra32</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24598590</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Pathol. 2010 Jun;221(2):117-24</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20225337</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Cancer Gene Ther. 2008 Dec;15(12):795-807</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18535620</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 1;65(13):5506-11</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15994920</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Gene Ther. 2014 Apr;21(4):371-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24553345</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Arch Virol. 2011 Aug;156(8):1335-44</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21625975</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Cell Mol Med. 2015 May;19(5):915-23</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25683371</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Cancer Res. 2009 Mar;7(3):330-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19276181</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar 15;175(6):547-53</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17158280</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 22;106(38):16281-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19805294</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e21320</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21789168</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2011 Jun;85(12):6015-23</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21471241</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Cell Death Differ. 2008 Mar;15(3):504-14</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18049477</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e49752</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23152931</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Apr 15;15(8):2777-88</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19351762</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Future Microbiol. 2012 Mar;7(3):347-67</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22393889</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Int J Oncol. 2000 Feb;16(2):363-73</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">10639582</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2014 May 12;184:71-81</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24589707</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Cell Stem Cell. 2012 Jun 14;10(6):717-28</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22704512</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Arch Virol. 2012 Jun;157(6):1011-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22398914</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Mar 15;17(6):1362-72</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21177410</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2015;15(12):1757-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26436571</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Int J Oncol. 2006 Dec;29(6):1359-69</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17088973</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Aug;2(4):223-30</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20671117</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Brain Res. 2011 May 16;1390:59-69</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21443868</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2004 Nov 18;432(7015):396-401</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15549107</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ther. 2008 Mar;16(3):487-93</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18253154</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>BMC Cancer. 2014 Jul 30;14:551</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25078870</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2008 Aug 27;3(8):e3077</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18728788</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2015 Nov 2;209:56-66</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26221764</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Cancer Gene Ther. 2014 Nov;21(11):463-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25257305</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Cell. 2010 Oct 22;40(2):280-93</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20965422</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Gene Ther. 2010 Oct;17(10):1200-5</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20463757</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Front Oncol. 2014 Sep 11;4:224</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25309868</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54193</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23349823</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2008 Jul 09;3(7):e2637</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18612434</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 14;355(24):2542-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17167137</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ther. 2009 Oct;17(10):1677-82</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19672244</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/ChloroquineV1/Data/PubMed/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000218 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000218 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= ChloroquineV1
|flux= PubMed
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:26885450
|texte= Oncolytic newcastle disease virus triggers cell death of lung cancer spheroids and is enhanced by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:26885450" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a ChloroquineV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |