Topiramate-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis
Identifieur interne : 000308 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000307; suivant : 000309Topiramate-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis
Auteurs : Sara Mater ; Jonathan J. Lee ; Jaroslaw Jedrych ; Misha Rosenbach ; Joseph C. EnglishSource :
- JAAD Case Reports [ 2352-5126 ] ; 2019.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.03.017
PubMed: 31193974
PubMed Central: 6546962
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Topiramate-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis</title><author><name sortKey="Mater, Sara" sort="Mater, Sara" uniqKey="Mater S" first="Sara" last="Mater">Sara Mater</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jonathan J" sort="Lee, Jonathan J" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jonathan J." last="Lee">Jonathan J. Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jedrych, Jaroslaw" sort="Jedrych, Jaroslaw" uniqKey="Jedrych J" first="Jaroslaw" last="Jedrych">Jaroslaw Jedrych</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenbach, Misha" sort="Rosenbach, Misha" uniqKey="Rosenbach M" first="Misha" last="Rosenbach">Misha Rosenbach</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="English, Joseph C" sort="English, Joseph C" uniqKey="English J" first="Joseph C." last="English">Joseph C. English</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">31193974</idno><idno type="pmc">6546962</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6546962</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6546962</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.03.017</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000308</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000308</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Topiramate-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis</title><author><name sortKey="Mater, Sara" sort="Mater, Sara" uniqKey="Mater S" first="Sara" last="Mater">Sara Mater</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jonathan J" sort="Lee, Jonathan J" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jonathan J." last="Lee">Jonathan J. Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jedrych, Jaroslaw" sort="Jedrych, Jaroslaw" uniqKey="Jedrych J" first="Jaroslaw" last="Jedrych">Jaroslaw Jedrych</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenbach, Misha" sort="Rosenbach, Misha" uniqKey="Rosenbach M" first="Misha" last="Rosenbach">Misha Rosenbach</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="English, Joseph C" sort="English, Joseph C" uniqKey="English J" first="Joseph C." last="English">Joseph C. English</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">JAAD Case Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2352-5126</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="case-report"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">JAAD Case Rep</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">JAAD Case Rep</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>JAAD Case Reports</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2352-5126</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">31193974</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">6546962</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S2352-5126(19)30122-5</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.03.017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Case Report</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Topiramate-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mater</surname><given-names>Sara</given-names></name><degrees>BS</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Jonathan J.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><email>LeeJJ7@upmc.edu</email><xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">b</xref><xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp">∗</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jedrych</surname><given-names>Jaroslaw</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rosenbach</surname><given-names>Misha</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref rid="aff3" ref-type="aff">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>English</surname><given-names>Joseph C.</given-names><suffix>III</suffix></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Correspondence to: Jonathan J. Lee, MD, 3708 Fifth Avenue Fifth Floor, Suite 500.68, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. <email>LeeJJ7@upmc.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>03</day><month>6</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>6</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>6</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>501</fpage><lpage>503</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2019 by the American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Elsevier, Inc.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder>American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.</copyright-holder><license license-type="CC BY-NC-ND" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).</license-p></license></permissions><kwd-group id="kwrds0010"><title>Key words</title><kwd>drug-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis</kwd><kwd>granuloma annulare</kwd><kwd>granulomatous dermatitis</kwd><kwd>reactive granulomatous dermatitis</kwd><kwd>topiramate</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group id="kwrds0015"><title>Abbreviations used</title><kwd>diRGD, drug-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis</kwd><kwd>GA, granuloma annulare</kwd><kwd>RGD, reactive granulomatous dermatitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="sec1"><title>Introduction</title><p id="p0010">The clinicopathologic spectrum of reactive granulomatous dermatitis (RGD) includes 4 subtypes: palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous, interstitial granulomatous, polycyclic (granuloma annulare–like), and drug-induced reactive granulomatous dermatitis (diRGD).<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> Granulomatous drug eruptions encompass the latter in addition to drug-induced variants of accelerated rheumatoid nodulosis, granuloma annulare (GA), sarcoidosis, and interstitial granulomatous drug reaction.<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="bib2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>, <xref rid="bib3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref> Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drug used for migraine prophylaxis. We report a case of topiramate-induced RGD with clinical and histologic features that differentiate it from the recently reported topiramate-induced granuloma annulare.<xref rid="bib4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>, <xref rid="bib6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Report of a case</title><p id="p0015">A white woman in her 60s with a history of prediabetes and migraines presented for a 5-year history of presumed GA refractory to topical steroids, minocycline, and hydroxychloroquine. Her medications included apixaban, aspirin, atorvastatin, and topiramate, 100 mg/d, which she had taken regularly over 8 years for migraine prophylaxis. Physical examination found firm, smooth, erythematous papules coalescing into interlacing and expansile annular plaques on the upper back, arms, and chest (<xref rid="fig1" ref-type="fig">Fig 1</xref>). Punch biopsy of the right shoulder found interstitial and palisaded granulomata composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and multinucleated giant cells, with a minimal increase in dermal mucin (<xref rid="fig2" ref-type="fig">Figs 2</xref> and <xref rid="fig3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>). Elastophagocytosis was not present.<fig id="fig1"><label>Fig 1</label><caption><p>Clinical findings at presentation. Pink papules coalescing into linear serpiginous cords and expansile annular plaques with central clearing.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="gr1"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig2"><label>Fig 2</label><caption><p>Histologic findings (low power). Scanning magnification shows a palisaded and interstitial lymphohistiocytic infiltrate in the dermis. (Original magnification: ×5.)</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="gr2"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig3"><label>Fig 3</label><caption><p>Histologic findings (high power). Higher power highlights a palisade of histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells surrounding a focus of necrobiosis. (Original magnification: ×40.)</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="gr3"></graphic></fig></p><p id="p0020">Clinicopathologically, her presentation was most consistent with RGD. GA, in contrast, would be distinguished histologically by more prominent mucin deposition. Laboratory workup found no evidence of underlying autoimmune, connective tissue, infectious, or lymphoproliferative disease. Her glycosylated hemoglobin level remained within prediabetic range. Chest radiography and recent mammography found no evidence of occult malignancy.</p><p id="p0025">Based on isolated reports describing topiramate-induced GA,<xref rid="bib4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>, <xref rid="bib6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref> the patient was advised to taper topiramate over 4 weeks followed by complete discontinuation and replacement with acetaminophen as needed. Four months after topiramate discontinuation, the patient exhibited near complete resolution of her dermatitis without concurrent systemic or topical treatment (<xref rid="fig4" ref-type="fig">Fig 4</xref>). Clinical remission was maintained at 1-year follow-up, and a final diagnosis of topiramate-induced RGD was made.<fig id="fig4"><label>Fig 4</label><caption><p>Clinical findings after discontinuation of topiramate. Four months after discontinuation of topiramate, the patient experienced near-complete resolution of dermatologic findings.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="gr4"></graphic></fig></p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Discussion</title><p id="p0030">DiRGD can present as either palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous, interstitial granulomatous, or polycyclic (granuloma annulare–like) cutaneous eruptions. Our case has many features typical of RGD, including the appearance of GA-like annular plaques and histology showing an interstitial granulomatous infiltrate with scant mucin deposition, distinguishing it from classic GA. The lack of intertriginous skin involvement or the distinctive vacuolar interface change, eosinophilia, and atypical lymphocytes on histology distinguished this case from interstitial granulomatous drug reaction.<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> Moreover, the lack of a systemic disease association, unresponsiveness to standard topical and systemic therapies, and complete resolution after discontinuation of topiramate further support the diagnosis of diRGD.</p><p id="p0035">The precise etiopathogenesis of RGD is unknown, but aberrant reactive immune complex deposition or medication reaction has been proposed.<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> Indeed, RGD is often linked to underlying autoimmune connective tissue disease, rheumatoid arthritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides, lymphoproliferative disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and Behçet disease, among others.<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> Reported causes of diRGD continue to expand, including calcium channel blockers, <inline-formula><mml:math id="M1" altimg="si1.svg"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>β</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statins, tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors, furosemide, and sorafenib.<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug used for migraine prophylaxis and to treat bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and alcoholism. Pharmacologically, this sulfamate-modified D-fructose molecule inhibits neuronal voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels and is found to downregulate splenic monocytopoiesis.<xref rid="bib7" ref-type="bibr"><sup>7</sup></xref> Mechanistically, we hypothesize that topiramate immunomodulation may lead to a paradoxical increase in granuloma formation as seen in our case of diRGD, akin to what is observed in paradoxical psoriasis due to tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors.<xref rid="bib8" ref-type="bibr"><sup>8</sup></xref></p><p id="p0040">Cases of topiramate-induced GA have been reported that clinically presented with scattered papules on the lower legs,<xref rid="bib4" ref-type="bibr"><sup>4</sup></xref> an isolated plaque of the ankle,<xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr"><sup>5</sup></xref> and coin-sized annular plaques of the dorsal hands.<xref rid="bib6" ref-type="bibr"><sup>6</sup></xref> Each case showed prominent mucin deposition histologically.<xref rid="bib4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>, <xref rid="bib6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref> In contrast, this case displayed distinctive clinical and histologic features, including the lack of dermal mucin, most consistent with diRGD.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list id="cebib0010"><title>References</title><ref id="bib1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sref1"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Rosenbach</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name><surname>English</surname><given-names>J.C.</given-names><suffix>3rd</suffix></name></person-group><article-title>Reactive granulomatous dermatitis: a review of palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis, interstitial granulomatous drug reaction, and a proposed reclassification</article-title><source>Dermatol Clin</source><volume>33</volume><issue>3</issue><year>2015</year><fpage>373</fpage><lpage>387</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">26143420</pub-id></element-citation><mixed-citation id="srct0025">Rosenbach M, English JC, 3rd. 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Nat Commun 2018;9(1):25.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn id="d31e43"><p id="ntpara0010">Funding sources: None.</p></fn><fn id="d31e46"><p id="ntpara0015">Conflicts of interest: None disclosed.</p></fn></fn-group></back></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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