Autophagy in malignant transformation and cancer progression
Identifieur interne : 000318 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 000317; suivant : 000319Autophagy in malignant transformation and cancer progression
Auteurs : Lorenzo Galluzzi [France, Italie] ; Federico Pietrocola [France] ; José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro [France] ; Ravi K. Amaravadi [États-Unis] ; Eric H. Baehrecke [États-Unis] ; Francesco Cecconi [Danemark, Italie] ; Patrice Codogno [France] ; Jayanta Debnath [États-Unis] ; David A. Gewirtz [États-Unis] ; Vassiliki Karantza [États-Unis] ; Alec Kimmelman [États-Unis] ; Sharad Kumar [Australie] ; Beth Levine [États-Unis] ; Maria Chiara Maiuri [France] ; Seamus J. Martin [Irlande (pays)] ; Josef Penninger [Autriche] ; Mauro Piacentini [Italie] ; David C. Rubinsztein [Royaume-Uni] ; Hans-Uwe Simon [Suisse] ; Anne Simonsen [Norvège] ; Andrew M. Thorburn [États-Unis] ; Guillermo Velasco [Espagne] ; Kevin M. Ryan [Royaume-Uni] ; Guido Kroemer [France]Source :
- The EMBO Journal [ 0261-4189 ] ; 2015-04-01.
Abstract
Autophagy plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In healthy cells, such a homeostatic activity constitutes a robust barrier against malignant transformation. Accordingly, many oncoproteins inhibit, and several oncosuppressor proteins promote, autophagy. Moreover, autophagy is required for optimal anticancer immunosurveillance. In neoplastic cells, however, autophagic responses constitute a means to cope with intracellular and environmental stress, thus favoring tumor progression. This implies that at least in some cases, oncogenesis proceeds along with a temporary inhibition of autophagy or a gain of molecular functions that antagonize its oncosuppressive activity. Here, we discuss the differential impact of autophagy on distinct phases of tumorigenesis and the implications of this concept for the use of autophagy modulators in cancer therapy.
Autophagy has been described to have tumor‐suppressive as well as tumor‐promoting functions. This review discusses how stage and context alters the role for autophagy in cancer, and argues for further research prior to targeting autophagy in cancer therapy.
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DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490784
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Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Trinity College, The Smurfit Institute, Dublin, Ireland</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Trinity College, The Smurfit Institute, Dublin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Penninger, Josef" sort="Penninger, Josef" uniqKey="Penninger J" first="Josef" last="Penninger">Josef Penninger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piacentini, Mauro" sort="Piacentini, Mauro" uniqKey="Piacentini M" first="Mauro" last="Piacentini">Mauro Piacentini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubinsztein, David C" sort="Rubinsztein, David C" uniqKey="Rubinsztein D" first="David C" last="Rubinsztein">David C. 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Thorburn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, Aurora, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, Aurora</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Velasco, Guillermo" sort="Velasco, Guillermo" uniqKey="Velasco G" first="Guillermo" last="Velasco">Guillermo Velasco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryan, Kevin M" sort="Ryan, Kevin M" uniqKey="Ryan K" first="Kevin M" last="Ryan">Kevin M. Ryan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kroemer, Guido" sort="Kroemer, Guido" uniqKey="Kroemer G" first="Guido" last="Kroemer">Guido Kroemer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1138, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1138, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP‐HP, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP‐HP, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno 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Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1138, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1138, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: deadoc@vodafone.it</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Italie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietrocola, Federico" sort="Pietrocola, Federico" uniqKey="Pietrocola F" first="Federico" last="Pietrocola">Federico Pietrocola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1138, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1138, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bravo An Pedro, Jose Manuel" sort="Bravo An Pedro, Jose Manuel" uniqKey="Bravo An Pedro J" first="José Manuel" last="Bravo-San Pedro">José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1138, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1138, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amaravadi, Ravi K" sort="Amaravadi, Ravi K" uniqKey="Amaravadi R" first="Ravi K" last="Amaravadi">Ravi K. Amaravadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, PA, Philadelphia, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, PA, Philadelphia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baehrecke, Eric H" sort="Baehrecke, Eric H" uniqKey="Baehrecke E" first="Eric H" last="Baehrecke">Eric H. Baehrecke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, MA, Worcester, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, MA, Worcester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cecconi, Francesco" sort="Cecconi, Francesco" uniqKey="Cecconi F" first="Francesco" last="Cecconi">Francesco Cecconi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia and Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia and Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Codogno, Patrice" sort="Codogno, Patrice" uniqKey="Codogno P" first="Patrice" last="Codogno">Patrice Codogno</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Institut Necker Enfants‐Malades (INEM), Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut Necker Enfants‐Malades (INEM), Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1151, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1151, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>CNRS, UMR8253, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS, UMR8253, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Debnath, Jayanta" sort="Debnath, Jayanta" uniqKey="Debnath J" first="Jayanta" last="Debnath">Jayanta Debnath</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, CA, San Francisco</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gewirtz, David A" sort="Gewirtz, David A" uniqKey="Gewirtz D" first="David A" last="Gewirtz">David A. Gewirtz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, RichmondVirginia, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, RichmondVirginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karantza, Vassiliki" sort="Karantza, Vassiliki" uniqKey="Karantza V" first="Vassiliki" last="Karantza">Vassiliki Karantza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Merck Research Laboratories, NJ, Rahway, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Merck Research Laboratories, NJ, Rahway</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimmelman, Alec" sort="Kimmelman, Alec" uniqKey="Kimmelman A" first="Alec" last="Kimmelman">Alec Kimmelman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute, MA, Boston, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute, MA, Boston</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Sharad" sort="Kumar, Sharad" uniqKey="Kumar S" first="Sharad" last="Kumar">Sharad Kumar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, SA, Adelaide, Australia</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, SA, Adelaide</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levine, Beth" sort="Levine, Beth" uniqKey="Levine B" first="Beth" last="Levine">Beth Levine</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX, Dallas, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX, Dallas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maiuri, Maria Chiara" sort="Maiuri, Maria Chiara" uniqKey="Maiuri M" first="Maria Chiara" last="Maiuri">Maria Chiara Maiuri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1138, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1138, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Seamus J" sort="Martin, Seamus J" uniqKey="Martin S" first="Seamus J" last="Martin">Seamus J. Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Trinity College, The Smurfit Institute, Dublin, Ireland</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Trinity College, The Smurfit Institute, Dublin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Penninger, Josef" sort="Penninger, Josef" uniqKey="Penninger J" first="Josef" last="Penninger">Josef Penninger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piacentini, Mauro" sort="Piacentini, Mauro" uniqKey="Piacentini M" first="Mauro" last="Piacentini">Mauro Piacentini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubinsztein, David C" sort="Rubinsztein, David C" uniqKey="Rubinsztein D" first="David C" last="Rubinsztein">David C. Rubinsztein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, Hans We" sort="Simon, Hans We" uniqKey="Simon H" first="Hans-Uwe" last="Simon">Hans-Uwe Simon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simonsen, Anne" sort="Simonsen, Anne" uniqKey="Simonsen A" first="Anne" last="Simonsen">Anne Simonsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorburn, Andrew M" sort="Thorburn, Andrew M" uniqKey="Thorburn A" first="Andrew M" last="Thorburn">Andrew M. Thorburn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, Aurora, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, Aurora</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Velasco, Guillermo" sort="Velasco, Guillermo" uniqKey="Velasco G" first="Guillermo" last="Velasco">Guillermo Velasco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryan, Kevin M" sort="Ryan, Kevin M" uniqKey="Ryan K" first="Kevin M" last="Ryan">Kevin M. Ryan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kroemer, Guido" sort="Kroemer, Guido" uniqKey="Kroemer G" first="Guido" last="Kroemer">Guido Kroemer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>INSERM, U1138, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U1138, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP‐HP, Paris, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP‐HP, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">The EMBO Journal</title><title level="j" type="alt">THE EMBO JOURNAL</title><idno type="ISSN">0261-4189</idno><idno type="eISSN">1460-2075</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">34</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="856">856</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="880">880</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">25</biblScope><date type="published" when="2015-04-01">2015-04-01</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0261-4189</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0261-4189</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Autophagy plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In healthy cells, such a homeostatic activity constitutes a robust barrier against malignant transformation. Accordingly, many oncoproteins inhibit, and several oncosuppressor proteins promote, autophagy. Moreover, autophagy is required for optimal anticancer immunosurveillance. In neoplastic cells, however, autophagic responses constitute a means to cope with intracellular and environmental stress, thus favoring tumor progression. This implies that at least in some cases, oncogenesis proceeds along with a temporary inhibition of autophagy or a gain of molecular functions that antagonize its oncosuppressive activity. Here, we discuss the differential impact of autophagy on distinct phases of tumorigenesis and the implications of this concept for the use of autophagy modulators in cancer therapy.</div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Autophagy has been described to have tumor‐suppressive as well as tumor‐promoting functions. This review discusses how stage and context alters the role for autophagy in cancer, and argues for further research prior to targeting autophagy in cancer therapy.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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