Serveur d'exploration Chloroquine

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity

Identifieur interne : 001E41 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001E40; suivant : 001E42

Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity

Auteurs : Emilia P Unescu ; Sophie Susplugas ; Emmanuelle Boll ; Richard Varga ; Elisabeth Mouray ; Ion Grosu ; Philippe Grellier ; Patricia Melnyk

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E

Abstract

4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity. The prophylactic administration of amodiaquine (AQ), a 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarial drug, has been associated with side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver damage. The toxicity of this drug is mediated by amodiaquine quinone‐imine, an electrophilic metabolite. Replacement of the 4′‐hydroxy function of AQ with various alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl substituents would provide analogues that avoid metabolism to potentially toxic derivatives. Following a multistep procedure, 33 compounds containing hydrophobic groups at the 4′‐position were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM. Alkyl analogues are more efficient than aryl or heteroaryl derivatives. All compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit β‐hematin formation in vitro. A detailed investigation of the structure–activity relationships for these new compounds was carried out; the 4′‐methyl compound showed interesting in vivo antimalarial activity.
4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity.

Url:
DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800318

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E

Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="P Unescu, Emilia" sort="P Unescu, Emilia" uniqKey="P Unescu E" first="Emilia" last="P Unescu">Emilia P Unescu</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Susplugas, Sophie" sort="Susplugas, Sophie" uniqKey="Susplugas S" first="Sophie" last="Susplugas">Sophie Susplugas</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boll, Emmanuelle" sort="Boll, Emmanuelle" uniqKey="Boll E" first="Emmanuelle" last="Boll">Emmanuelle Boll</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Varga, Richard" sort="Varga, Richard" uniqKey="Varga R" first="Richard" last="Varga">Richard Varga</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>National Centre for X‐Ray Diffractometry, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mouray, Elisabeth" sort="Mouray, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Mouray E" first="Elisabeth" last="Mouray">Elisabeth Mouray</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grosu, Ion" sort="Grosu, Ion" uniqKey="Grosu I" first="Ion" last="Grosu">Ion Grosu</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grellier, Philippe" sort="Grellier, Philippe" uniqKey="Grellier P" first="Philippe" last="Grellier">Philippe Grellier</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Melnyk, Patricia" sort="Melnyk, Patricia" uniqKey="Melnyk P" first="Patricia" last="Melnyk">Patricia Melnyk</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>E-mail: patricia.melnyk@ibl.fr</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E</idno>
<date when="2009" year="2009">2009</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1002/cmdc.200800318</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3/fulltext.pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001E41</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001E41</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title level="a" type="main">Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="P Unescu, Emilia" sort="P Unescu, Emilia" uniqKey="P Unescu E" first="Emilia" last="P Unescu">Emilia P Unescu</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Susplugas, Sophie" sort="Susplugas, Sophie" uniqKey="Susplugas S" first="Sophie" last="Susplugas">Sophie Susplugas</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boll, Emmanuelle" sort="Boll, Emmanuelle" uniqKey="Boll E" first="Emmanuelle" last="Boll">Emmanuelle Boll</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Varga, Richard" sort="Varga, Richard" uniqKey="Varga R" first="Richard" last="Varga">Richard Varga</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>National Centre for X‐Ray Diffractometry, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mouray, Elisabeth" sort="Mouray, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Mouray E" first="Elisabeth" last="Mouray">Elisabeth Mouray</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grosu, Ion" sort="Grosu, Ion" uniqKey="Grosu I" first="Ion" last="Grosu">Ion Grosu</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grellier, Philippe" sort="Grellier, Philippe" uniqKey="Grellier P" first="Philippe" last="Grellier">Philippe Grellier</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Melnyk, Patricia" sort="Melnyk, Patricia" uniqKey="Melnyk P" first="Patricia" last="Melnyk">Patricia Melnyk</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>E-mail: patricia.melnyk@ibl.fr</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series>
<title level="j" type="main">ChemMedChem</title>
<title level="j" type="alt">CHEMMEDCHEM</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1860-7179</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1860-7187</idno>
<imprint>
<biblScope unit="vol">4</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="549">549</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="561">561</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page-count">13</biblScope>
<publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher>
<pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2009-04-17">2009-04-17</date>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">1860-7179</idno>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt>
<idno type="ISSN">1860-7179</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity. The prophylactic administration of amodiaquine (AQ), a 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarial drug, has been associated with side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver damage. The toxicity of this drug is mediated by amodiaquine quinone‐imine, an electrophilic metabolite. Replacement of the 4′‐hydroxy function of AQ with various alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl substituents would provide analogues that avoid metabolism to potentially toxic derivatives. Following a multistep procedure, 33 compounds containing hydrophobic groups at the 4′‐position were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM. Alkyl analogues are more efficient than aryl or heteroaryl derivatives. All compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit β‐hematin formation in vitro. A detailed investigation of the structure–activity relationships for these new compounds was carried out; the 4′‐methyl compound showed interesting in vivo antimalarial activity.</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<istex>
<corpusName>wiley</corpusName>
<keywords>
<teeft>
<json:string>hplc</json:string>
<json:string>antimalarial</json:string>
<json:string>cdcl3</json:string>
<json:string>hplcprep</json:string>
<json:string>analogue</json:string>
<json:string>antimalarial activity</json:string>
<json:string>alkyl</json:string>
<json:string>amodiaquine</json:string>
<json:string>chem</json:string>
<json:string>substituents</json:string>
<json:string>derivative</json:string>
<json:string>cytotoxicity</json:string>
<json:string>white solid</json:string>
<json:string>verlag gmbh</json:string>
<json:string>weinheim</json:string>
<json:string>kgaa</json:string>
<json:string>chemmedchem</json:string>
<json:string>verlag</json:string>
<json:string>gmbh</json:string>
<json:string>melnyk</json:string>
<json:string>pharmacol</json:string>
<json:string>heteroaryl</json:string>
<json:string>falciparum</json:string>
<json:string>vacuole</json:string>
<json:string>amopyroquine</json:string>
<json:string>aryl</json:string>
<json:string>chemother</json:string>
<json:string>equiv</json:string>
<json:string>hawley</json:string>
<json:string>parasite</json:string>
<json:string>bray</json:string>
<json:string>lancet</json:string>
<json:string>phenyl</json:string>
<json:string>agent chemother</json:string>
<json:string>biochem</json:string>
<json:string>antimicrob</json:string>
<json:string>dmso</json:string>
<json:string>lipophilicity</json:string>
<json:string>weinheim chemmedchem</json:string>
<json:string>datum</json:string>
<json:string>general procedure</json:string>
<json:string>vivo antimalarial activity</json:string>
<json:string>alkyl analogue</json:string>
<json:string>compound</json:string>
<json:string>less active</json:string>
<json:string>crystal structure</json:string>
<json:string>amino side chain</json:string>
<json:string>aromatic compound</json:string>
<json:string>selectivity index</json:string>
<json:string>yellow solid</json:string>
<json:string>more active</json:string>
<json:string>world health organization</json:string>
<json:string>parasite food vacuole</json:string>
<json:string>parasite growth</json:string>
<json:string>heteroaryl derivative</json:string>
<json:string>aqueous solution</json:string>
<json:string>organic layer</json:string>
<json:string>heteroaryl substituents</json:string>
<json:string>falciparum strain</json:string>
<json:string>aromatic</json:string>
</teeft>
</keywords>
<author>
<json:item>
<name>Emilia Păunescu Dr.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</json:string>
<json:string>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Sophie Susplugas Dr.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Emmanuelle Boll</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Richard Varga Dr.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>National Centre for X‐Ray Diffractometry, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Elisabeth Mouray Dr.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Ion Grosu Prof.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Philippe Grellier Prof.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Patricia Melnyk Prof.</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: patricia.melnyk@ibl.fr</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</author>
<subject>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>4‐aminoquinoline</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>amodiaquine</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>antimalarials</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>drug design</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>heterocycles</value>
</json:item>
</subject>
<articleId>
<json:string>CMDC200800318</json:string>
</articleId>
<arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3</arkIstex>
<language>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</language>
<originalGenre>
<json:string>article</json:string>
</originalGenre>
<abstract>4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity. The prophylactic administration of amodiaquine (AQ), a 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarial drug, has been associated with side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver damage. The toxicity of this drug is mediated by amodiaquine quinone‐imine, an electrophilic metabolite. Replacement of the 4′‐hydroxy function of AQ with various alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl substituents would provide analogues that avoid metabolism to potentially toxic derivatives. Following a multistep procedure, 33 compounds containing hydrophobic groups at the 4′‐position were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM. Alkyl analogues are more efficient than aryl or heteroaryl derivatives. All compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit β‐hematin formation in vitro. A detailed investigation of the structure–activity relationships for these new compounds was carried out; the 4′‐methyl compound showed interesting in vivo antimalarial activity.</abstract>
<qualityIndicators>
<refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative>
<abstractWordCount>205</abstractWordCount>
<abstractCharCount>1543</abstractCharCount>
<keywordCount>5</keywordCount>
<score>9.46</score>
<pdfWordCount>11681</pdfWordCount>
<pdfCharCount>62674</pdfCharCount>
<pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion>
<pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount>
<pdfPageSize>595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4)</pdfPageSize>
<pdfWordsPerPage>899</pdfWordsPerPage>
<pdfText>true</pdfText>
</qualityIndicators>
<title>Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
<pmid>
<json:string>19212949</json:string>
</pmid>
<genre>
<json:string>article</json:string>
</genre>
<host>
<title>ChemMedChem</title>
<language>
<json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<doi>
<json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1860-7187</json:string>
</doi>
<issn>
<json:string>1860-7179</json:string>
</issn>
<eissn>
<json:string>1860-7187</json:string>
</eissn>
<publisherId>
<json:string>CMDC</json:string>
</publisherId>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<pages>
<first>549</first>
<last>561</last>
<total>13</total>
</pages>
<genre>
<json:string>journal</json:string>
</genre>
<subject>
<json:item>
<value>Full Paper</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<value>Full Papers</value>
</json:item>
</subject>
</host>
<namedEntities>
<unitex>
<date>
<json:string>2009</json:string>
<json:string>5000</json:string>
</date>
<geogName></geogName>
<orgName>
<json:string>Organisation</json:string>
<json:string>WHO</json:string>
<json:string>Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Gçttingen</json:string>
<json:string>Novabiochem</json:string>
<json:string>University Faculty of Chemistry</json:string>
<json:string>University of Gçttingen</json:string>
<json:string>Biochem</json:string>
<json:string>Advanced Chemistry Development Inc., Toronto</json:string>
<json:string>Tanzania and Thai/Thailand</json:string>
<json:string>Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington DC</json:string>
<json:string>USA</json:string>
<json:string>World Health Organization</json:string>
</orgName>
<orgName_funder></orgName_funder>
<orgName_provider></orgName_provider>
<persName>
<json:string>P. Rezbach</json:string>
<json:string>R. Buller</json:string>
<json:string>K. W. Deitsch</json:string>
<json:string>I. A. O’Neil</json:string>
<json:string>J. H. Burckhalter</json:string>
<json:string>I. K. Robinson</json:string>
<json:string>J. Karbwang</json:string>
<json:string>D. A. Boriga</json:string>
<json:string>J. D. Haynes</json:string>
<json:string>P. M. Ferreira</json:string>
<json:string>C. Bunch</json:string>
<json:string>F. Peyron</json:string>
<json:string>D. J. Terlouw</json:string>
<json:string>S. Delarue-Cochin</json:string>
<json:string>G. A. Molander</json:string>
<json:string>P. Olliaro</json:string>
<json:string>C. R. Chong</json:string>
<json:string>D. F. Worth</json:string>
<json:string>Emmanuelle Boll</json:string>
<json:string>E. Paunescu</json:string>
<json:string>S. J. Kesten</json:string>
<json:string>E. Pussard</json:string>
<json:string>S. Diallo</json:string>
<json:string>M. D. Edstein</json:string>
<json:string>C. V. Plowe</json:string>
<json:string>A. J. Glazko</json:string>
<json:string>L. M. B. Ursos</json:string>
<json:string>M. Schmidt</json:string>
<json:string>B. M. Greenwood</json:string>
<json:string>M. Cisse</json:string>
<json:string>G. Cai</json:string>
<json:string>J. K. Weston</json:string>
<json:string>D. A. Warrel</json:string>
<json:string>O. Brandicourt</json:string>
<json:string>L. M. Werbel</json:string>
<json:string>O. Gaye</json:string>
<json:string>A. E. Tufenkji</json:string>
<json:string>C. Sergheraert</json:string>
<json:string>P. Osimbo</json:string>
<json:string>J. F. Bickley</json:string>
<json:string>P. A. Stocks</json:string>
<json:string>A. Kosar</json:string>
<json:string>P. J. Rosenthal</json:string>
<json:string>I. Solomonov</json:string>
<json:string>M. Mungthin</json:string>
<json:string>A. Bayles</json:string>
<json:string>J. Phys</json:string>
<json:string>H. G. Spencer</json:string>
<json:string>L. Tilley</json:string>
<json:string>F. Cobelens</json:string>
<json:string>G. M. Sheldrick</json:string>
<json:string>R. Tycko</json:string>
<json:string>Y. Coulais</json:string>
<json:string>Y. Feldman</json:string>
<json:string>K. Kaur</json:string>
<json:string>K. H. Rieckmann</json:string>
<json:string>S. A. Ward</json:string>
<json:string>A. Bryskier</json:string>
<json:string>H. Jewell</json:string>
<json:string>F. Clavier</json:string>
<json:string>M. D. Tingle</json:string>
<json:string>J. L. Maggs</json:string>
<json:string>G. Dorsey</json:string>
<json:string>E. F. Elslager</json:string>
<json:string>Ray Diffractometry</json:string>
<json:string>J. D. Chulay</json:string>
<json:string>M. Loolpapit</json:string>
<json:string>A. C. de Dios</json:string>
<json:string>A. Babiker</json:string>
<json:string>C. Baehtz</json:string>
<json:string>B. M. Kotecka</json:string>
<json:string>G. T. Webster</json:string>
<json:string>P. Ringwald</json:string>
<json:string>S. Yun</json:string>
<json:string>A. Leed</json:string>
<json:string>F. Laurent</json:string>
<json:string>W. Trager</json:string>
<json:string>S. Delar</json:string>
<json:string>D. J. McNamara</json:string>
<json:string>A. C. Harrison</json:string>
<json:string>D. Gueret</json:string>
<json:string>C. Nevill</json:string>
<json:string>F. Faurisson</json:string>
<json:string>F. Ayad</json:string>
<json:string>M. Osipova</json:string>
<json:string>E. Mouray</json:string>
<json:string>H. Regis</json:string>
<json:string>J. Fehr</json:string>
<json:string>A. Cattamanchi</json:string>
<json:string>L. Ndiaye</json:string>
<json:string>J. Lebras</json:string>
<json:string>C. D. Fitch</json:string>
<json:string>Elisabeth Mouray</json:string>
<json:string>W. Woodtly</json:string>
<json:string>N. R. Kitteringham</json:string>
<json:string>R. Varga</json:string>
<json:string>A. Heller</json:string>
<json:string>P. M. O’Neill</json:string>
<json:string>P. A. Jones</json:string>
<json:string>D. McNaughton</json:string>
<json:string>M. R. Kamya</json:string>
<json:string>The</json:string>
<json:string>Charles River</json:string>
<json:string>D. J. Naisbitt</json:string>
<json:string>R. G. Ridley</json:string>
<json:string>A. Debreu-Fontaine</json:string>
<json:string>P. L. Olliaro</json:string>
<json:string>T. J. Egan</json:string>
<json:string>D. Njama</json:string>
<json:string>Richard Varga</json:string>
<json:string>D. Warhurst</json:string>
<json:string>O. Almarsson</json:string>
<json:string>J. Med</json:string>
<json:string>E. M. Jones</json:string>
<json:string>N. Matuszak</json:string>
<json:string>J. A. Levi</json:string>
<json:string>C. Hovin</json:string>
<json:string>R. Jain</json:string>
<json:string>J. B. Clarke</json:string>
<json:string>Patricia Melnyk</json:string>
<json:string>F. H. Tendick</json:string>
<json:string>F. Chen</json:string>
<json:string>Philippe Grellier</json:string>
<json:string>Sophie Susplugas</json:string>
<json:string>P. Grellier</json:string>
<json:string>D. F. Ortwine</json:string>
<json:string>J. Pharmacol</json:string>
<json:string>P. Patil</json:string>
<json:string>W. R. J. Taylor</json:string>
<json:string>L. E. Randle</json:string>
<json:string>W. M. Watkins</json:string>
<json:string>P. Bray</json:string>
<json:string>O. Faye</json:string>
<json:string>J. E. Ruscoe</json:string>
<json:string>J. C. Wootton</json:string>
<json:string>L. Leiserowitz</json:string>
<json:string>I. Weissbuch</json:string>
<json:string>S. M. Dzekunov</json:string>
<json:string>P. Thompson</json:string>
<json:string>B. K. Park</json:string>
<json:string>W. Peters</json:string>
<json:string>R. A. Cooper</json:string>
<json:string>P. A. Winstanley</json:string>
<json:string>S. Borrmann</json:string>
<json:string>J. D. Shoemaker</json:string>
<json:string>P. D. Cook</json:string>
<json:string>Committee</json:string>
<json:string>D. M. Karjuki</json:string>
<json:string>A. Sqalli</json:string>
<json:string>C. J. Canfield</json:string>
<json:string>D. Ndiaye</json:string>
<json:string>J. P. Gil</json:string>
<json:string>F. Ntoumi</json:string>
<json:string>B. R. Wood</json:string>
<json:string>P.B. Matsiegui</json:string>
<json:string>D. A. Fidock</json:string>
<json:string>R. H. Hughes</json:string>
<json:string>J. Infect</json:string>
<json:string>P. C. Vincent</json:string>
<json:string>Z. Su</json:string>
<json:string>J. Johnson</json:string>
<json:string>S. Delarue</json:string>
<json:string>T. Mosmann</json:string>
<json:string>F. Simon</json:string>
<json:string>B. Faye</json:string>
<json:string>M. T. Ferdig</json:string>
<json:string>L. B. Casabianca</json:string>
<json:string>P. Agnamey</json:string>
<json:string>D. N. Sears</json:string>
<json:string>J. Immunol</json:string>
<json:string>A. L. Rawlins</json:string>
<json:string>La SantØ</json:string>
<json:string>T. K. Mutabingwa</json:string>
<json:string>M. Pirmohamed</json:string>
<json:string>C. Gaudebout</json:string>
<json:string>H. Chung</json:string>
<json:string>Y. Dieng</json:string>
<json:string>P. Melnyk</json:string>
<json:string>P. AmbroseThomas</json:string>
<json:string>J. H. Hung</json:string>
<json:string>K. A. Neftel</json:string>
<json:string>G. Campistron</json:string>
<json:string>D. K. Koech</json:string>
<json:string>C. J. M. Whitty</json:string>
<json:string>N. J. White</json:string>
<json:string>J. Ahmed</json:string>
<json:string>J. Clin</json:string>
<json:string>B. NaudØ</json:string>
<json:string>D. P. Williams</json:string>
<json:string>R. E. Phillips</json:string>
<json:string>J. Le Bras</json:string>
<json:string>S. R. Patel</json:string>
<json:string>S. Girault</json:string>
<json:string>J. B. Jensen</json:string>
<json:string>A. Gasasira</json:string>
<json:string>M. A. Missinou</json:string>
<json:string>T. Kipingor</json:string>
<json:string>C. O. Obonyo</json:string>
<json:string>A. Singh</json:string>
<json:string>S. Krishna</json:string>
<json:string>S. Hindley</json:string>
<json:string>R. C. Storr</json:string>
<json:string>T. A. Reutner</json:string>
<json:string>M. Jain</json:string>
<json:string>H. Baba</json:string>
<json:string>P. G. Frick</json:string>
<json:string>R. Hallett</json:string>
<json:string>M. L. Peterson</json:string>
<json:string>S. G. Staedke</json:string>
<json:string>T. Nomura</json:string>
<json:string>K. J. Raynes</json:string>
<json:string>D. Willock</json:string>
<json:string>W. Deady</json:string>
<json:string>S. Looareesuwan</json:string>
<json:string>C. Drakeley</json:string>
<json:string>D. Anthony</json:string>
<json:string>S. Salvin</json:string>
<json:string>P. G. Bray</json:string>
<json:string>D. C. Warhurst</json:string>
<json:string>G. B. Barlin</json:string>
<json:string>P. Mussano</json:string>
<json:string>G. Holmgren</json:string>
<json:string>P. G. Kremsner</json:string>
<json:string>D. D. Nicholl</json:string>
<json:string>D. Kyabayinze</json:string>
<json:string>K. Weston</json:string>
<json:string>P. D. Roepe</json:string>
<json:string>R. E. Desjardins</json:string>
<json:string>K. K. Ncokazi</json:string>
<json:string>S. Vangapandu</json:string>
<json:string>K. Kjaer</json:string>
<json:string>P. Brasseur</json:string>
<json:string>B. Lell</json:string>
</persName>
<placeName>
<json:string>Cytotoxicity</json:string>
<json:string>Colombia</json:string>
<json:string>Germany</json:string>
<json:string>Thailand</json:string>
<json:string>Bonn</json:string>
<json:string>Brazil</json:string>
<json:string>Canada</json:string>
<json:string>Romania</json:string>
<json:string>Lancaster</json:string>
<json:string>York</json:string>
<json:string>France</json:string>
<json:string>Cambridge</json:string>
<json:string>Lille</json:string>
</placeName>
<ref_url>
<json:string>http://rbm.who.int/wmr</json:string>
</ref_url>
<ref_bibl>
<json:string>Raynes et al.</json:string>
<json:string>[23]</json:string>
<json:string>[18]</json:string>
<json:string>Hawley et al.</json:string>
<json:string>[33]</json:string>
<json:string>[17]</json:string>
<json:string>[1]</json:string>
<json:string>[10]</json:string>
<json:string>P. Melnyk et al.</json:string>
<json:string>World Health Organization, 2005</json:string>
<json:string>[30]</json:string>
<json:string>Ayad et al.[34]</json:string>
<json:string>[14]</json:string>
<json:string>World Health Organization, Geneva, 2000</json:string>
<json:string>accessed January 16, 2009</json:string>
<json:string>Desjardins et al.[31]</json:string>
</ref_bibl>
<bibl></bibl>
</unitex>
</namedEntities>
<ark>
<json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3</json:string>
</ark>
<categories>
<wos>
<json:string>1 - science</json:string>
<json:string>2 - pharmacology & pharmacy</json:string>
<json:string>2 - chemistry, medicinal</json:string>
</wos>
<scienceMetrix>
<json:string>1 - natural sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - chemistry</json:string>
<json:string>3 - medicinal & biomolecular chemistry</json:string>
</scienceMetrix>
<scopus>
<json:string>1 - Physical Sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - Chemistry</json:string>
<json:string>3 - Organic Chemistry</json:string>
<json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics</json:string>
<json:string>3 - General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics</json:string>
<json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology</json:string>
<json:string>3 - Molecular Medicine</json:string>
</scopus>
<inist>
<json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string>
<json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string>
<json:string>3 - sciences medicales</json:string>
</inist>
</categories>
<publicationDate>2009</publicationDate>
<copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate>
<doi>
<json:string>10.1002/cmdc.200800318</json:string>
</doi>
<id>8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E</id>
<score>1</score>
<fulltext>
<json:item>
<extension>pdf</extension>
<original>true</original>
<mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3/fulltext.pdf</uri>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<extension>zip</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/zip</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3/bundle.zip</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3/fulltext.tei">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title level="a" type="main">Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>ISTEX</authority>
<publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher>
<pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace>
<availability>
<licence>Copyright © 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</licence>
</availability>
<date type="published" when="2009-04-17"></date>
</publicationStmt>
<notesStmt>
<note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note>
<note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note>
</notesStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct type="article">
<analytic>
<title level="a" type="main">Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
<author xml:id="author-0000">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Emilia</forename>
<surname>Păunescu</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Dr.</roleName>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL</orgName>
<address>
<addrLine>1 rue du Prof. Calmette</addrLine>
<addrLine>BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</addrLine>
<country key="FR" xml:lang="en">FRANCE</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="division">Organic Chemistry Department</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">“Babes‐Bolyai” University</orgName>
<orgName type="department">Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering</orgName>
<address>
<addrLine>Arany Janos Str. No. 11</addrLine>
<addrLine>400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</addrLine>
<country key="RO" xml:lang="en">ROMANIA</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0001">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Sophie</forename>
<surname>Susplugas</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Dr.</roleName>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<address>
<addrLine>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</addrLine>
<addrLine>Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</addrLine>
<country key="FR" xml:lang="en">FRANCE</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0002">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Emmanuelle</forename>
<surname>Boll</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL</orgName>
<address>
<addrLine>1 rue du Prof. Calmette</addrLine>
<addrLine>BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</addrLine>
<country key="FR" xml:lang="en">FRANCE</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0003">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Richard</forename>
<surname>Varga</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Dr.</roleName>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="division">National Centre for X‐Ray Diffractometry</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">“Babes‐Bolyai” University</orgName>
<orgName type="department">Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering</orgName>
<address>
<addrLine>Arany Janos Str. No. 11</addrLine>
<addrLine>400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</addrLine>
<country key="RO" xml:lang="en">ROMANIA</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0004">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Elisabeth</forename>
<surname>Mouray</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Dr.</roleName>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<address>
<addrLine>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</addrLine>
<addrLine>Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</addrLine>
<country key="FR" xml:lang="en">FRANCE</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0005">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Ion</forename>
<surname>Grosu</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Prof.</roleName>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="division">Organic Chemistry Department</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">“Babes‐Bolyai” University</orgName>
<orgName type="department">Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering</orgName>
<address>
<addrLine>Arany Janos Str. No. 11</addrLine>
<addrLine>400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</addrLine>
<country key="RO" xml:lang="en">ROMANIA</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0006">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Philippe</forename>
<surname>Grellier</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Prof.</roleName>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<address>
<addrLine>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</addrLine>
<addrLine>Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</addrLine>
<country key="FR" xml:lang="en">FRANCE</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0007">
<persName>
<forename type="first">Patricia</forename>
<surname>Melnyk</surname>
<roleName type="degree">Prof.</roleName>
</persName>
<email>patricia.melnyk@ibl.fr</email>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL</orgName>
<address>
<addrLine>1 rue du Prof. Calmette</addrLine>
<addrLine>BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</addrLine>
<country key="FR" xml:lang="en">FRANCE</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<idno type="istex">8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E</idno>
<idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1002/cmdc.200800318</idno>
<idno type="unit">CMDC200800318</idno>
<idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:CMDC.CMDC200800318.pdf</idno>
</analytic>
<monogr>
<title level="j" type="main">ChemMedChem</title>
<title level="j" type="alt">CHEMMEDCHEM</title>
<idno type="pISSN">1860-7179</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1860-7187</idno>
<idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1860-7187</idno>
<idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/cmdc.v4:4</idno>
<idno type="product">CMDC</idno>
<imprint>
<biblScope unit="vol">4</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="549">549</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="561">561</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page-count">13</biblScope>
<publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher>
<pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2009-04-17"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc>
<schemaRef type="ODD" url="https://xml-schema.delivery.istex.fr/tei-istex.odd"></schemaRef>
<appInfo>
<application ident="pub2tei" version="1.0.10" when="2019-12-20">
<label>pub2TEI-ISTEX</label>
<desc>A set of style sheets for converting XML documents encoded in various scientific publisher formats into a common TEI format.
<ref target="http://www.tei-c.org/">We use TEI</ref>
</desc>
</application>
</appInfo>
</encodingDesc>
<profileDesc>
<abstract xml:lang="en" style="main">
<head>Abstract</head>
<p>
<hi rend="bold">4′‐Substituted analogues</hi>
of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
–Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
and Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
–Csp
<hi rend="superscript">3</hi>
Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of
<hi rend="italic">P. falciparum</hi>
, with IC
<hi rend="subscript">50</hi>
values in the range of 7–200 n
<hi rend="smallCaps">M</hi>
; one compound showed in vivo activity.
<figure type="box">
<media mimeType="image" url="urn:x-wiley:18607179:media:CMDC200800318:content"></media>
<media mimeType="image/gif" url="" rendition="webLoRes"></media>
<media mimeType="image/gif" url="" rendition="webOriginal"></media>
<media mimeType="image/gif" url="" rendition="webHiRes"></media>
</figure>
</p>
<p>
<hi rend="italic">The prophylactic administration of amodiaquine (AQ), a 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarial drug, has been associated with side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver damage. The toxicity of this drug is mediated by amodiaquine quinone‐imine, an electrophilic metabolite. Replacement of the 4′‐hydroxy function of AQ with various alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl substituents would provide analogues that avoid metabolism to potentially toxic derivatives. Following a multistep procedure, 33 compounds containing hydrophobic groups at the 4′‐position were synthesized using Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
–Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
and Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
–Csp
<hi rend="superscript">3</hi>
Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of</hi>
P. falciparum
<hi rend="italic">, with IC
<hi rend="subscript">50</hi>
values in the range of 7–200 n
<hi rend="smallCaps">M</hi>
. Alkyl analogues are more efficient than aryl or heteroaryl derivatives. All compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit β‐hematin formation in vitro. A detailed investigation of the structure–activity relationships for these new compounds was carried out; the 4′‐methyl compound showed interesting in vivo antimalarial activity.</hi>
</p>
</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="en" style="graphical">
<p>
<hi rend="bold">4′‐Substituted analogues</hi>
of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
–Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
and Csp
<hi rend="superscript">2</hi>
–Csp
<hi rend="superscript">3</hi>
Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of
<hi rend="italic">P. falciparum</hi>
, with IC
<hi rend="subscript">50</hi>
values in the range of 7–200 n
<hi rend="smallCaps">M</hi>
; one compound showed in vivo activity.
<figure type="box">
<media mimeType="image" url="urn:x-wiley:18607179:media:CMDC200800318:content"></media>
<media mimeType="image/gif" url="" rendition="webLoRes"></media>
<media mimeType="image/gif" url="" rendition="webOriginal"></media>
<media mimeType="image/gif" url="" rendition="webHiRes"></media>
</figure>
</p>
</abstract>
<textClass>
<keywords xml:lang="en">
<term xml:id="kwd1">4‐aminoquinoline</term>
<term xml:id="kwd2">amodiaquine</term>
<term xml:id="kwd3">antimalarials</term>
<term xml:id="kwd4">drug design</term>
<term xml:id="kwd5">heterocycles</term>
</keywords>
<keywords rend="articleCategory">
<term>Full Paper</term>
</keywords>
<keywords rend="tocHeading1">
<term>Full Papers</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage>
<language ident="en"></language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc>
<change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
</istex:fulltextTEI>
<json:item>
<extension>txt</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>text/plain</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3/fulltext.txt</uri>
</json:item>
</fulltext>
<metadata>
<istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body">
<istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration>
<istex:document>
<component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en">
<header>
<publicationMeta level="product">
<publisherInfo>
<publisherName>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisherName>
<publisherLoc>Weinheim</publisherLoc>
</publisherInfo>
<doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1860-7187</doi>
<issn type="print">1860-7179</issn>
<issn type="electronic">1860-7187</issn>
<idGroup>
<id type="product" value="CMDC"></id>
</idGroup>
<titleGroup>
<title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="CHEMMEDCHEM">ChemMedChem</title>
<title type="subtitle">Chemistry Enabling Drug Discovery</title>
<title type="short">ChemMedChem</title>
</titleGroup>
</publicationMeta>
<publicationMeta level="part" position="40">
<doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/cmdc.v4:4</doi>
<numberingGroup>
<numbering type="journalVolume" number="4">4</numbering>
<numbering type="journalIssue">4</numbering>
</numberingGroup>
<coverDate startDate="2009-04-17">April 17, 2009</coverDate>
</publicationMeta>
<publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="12" status="forIssue">
<doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/cmdc.200800318</doi>
<idGroup>
<id type="unit" value="CMDC200800318"></id>
</idGroup>
<countGroup>
<count type="pageTotal" number="13"></count>
</countGroup>
<titleGroup>
<title type="articleCategory">Full Paper</title>
<title type="tocHeading1">Full Papers</title>
</titleGroup>
<copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</copyright>
<eventGroup>
<event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2008-09-29"></event>
<event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2008-12-18"></event>
<event type="firstOnline" date="2009-02-11"></event>
<event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-04-09"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText mathml2tex" date="2010-03-16"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-15"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event>
</eventGroup>
<numberingGroup>
<numbering type="pageFirst">549</numbering>
<numbering type="pageLast">561</numbering>
</numberingGroup>
<objectNameGroup>
<objectName elementName="figure">Scheme</objectName>
</objectNameGroup>
<linkGroup>
<link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:CMDC.CMDC200800318.pdf"></link>
</linkGroup>
</publicationMeta>
<contentMeta>
<countGroup>
<count type="figureTotal" number="10"></count>
<count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count>
<count type="referenceTotal" number="88"></count>
</countGroup>
<titleGroup>
<title type="main" xml:lang="en">Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
</titleGroup>
<creators>
<creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#aa #ab">
<personName>
<givenNames>Emilia</givenNames>
<familyName>Păunescu</familyName>
<degrees>Dr.</degrees>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#ac">
<personName>
<givenNames>Sophie</givenNames>
<familyName>Susplugas</familyName>
<degrees>Dr.</degrees>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#aa">
<personName>
<givenNames>Emmanuelle</givenNames>
<familyName>Boll</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#ad">
<personName>
<givenNames>Richard</givenNames>
<familyName>Varga</familyName>
<degrees>Dr.</degrees>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#ac">
<personName>
<givenNames>Elisabeth</givenNames>
<familyName>Mouray</familyName>
<degrees>Dr.</degrees>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#ab">
<personName>
<givenNames>Ion</givenNames>
<familyName>Grosu</familyName>
<degrees>Prof.</degrees>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au7" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#ac">
<personName>
<givenNames>Philippe</givenNames>
<familyName>Grellier</familyName>
<degrees>Prof.</degrees>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au8" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#aa">
<personName>
<givenNames>Patricia</givenNames>
<familyName>Melnyk</familyName>
<degrees>Prof.</degrees>
</personName>
<contactDetails>
<email>patricia.melnyk@ibl.fr</email>
</contactDetails>
</creator>
</creators>
<affiliationGroup>
<affiliation xml:id="aa" countryCode="FR" type="organization">
<unparsedAffiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation xml:id="ab" countryCode="RO" type="organization">
<unparsedAffiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation xml:id="ac" countryCode="FR" type="organization">
<unparsedAffiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation xml:id="ad" countryCode="RO" type="organization">
<unparsedAffiliation>National Centre for X‐Ray Diffractometry, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
</affiliationGroup>
<keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author">
<keyword xml:id="kwd1">4‐aminoquinoline</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd2">amodiaquine</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd3">antimalarials</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd4">drug design</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd5">heterocycles</keyword>
</keywordGroup>
<fundingInfo>
<fundingAgency>CNRS</fundingAgency>
</fundingInfo>
<fundingInfo>
<fundingAgency>Université de Lille II</fundingAgency>
</fundingInfo>
<fundingInfo>
<fundingAgency>Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris</fundingAgency>
</fundingInfo>
<fundingInfo>
<fundingAgency>Agence Universitaire pour la Francophonie</fundingAgency>
</fundingInfo>
<abstractGroup>
<abstract type="main" xml:lang="en">
<title type="main">Abstract</title>
<p>
<b>4′‐Substituted analogues</b>
of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp
<sup>2</sup>
–Csp
<sup>2</sup>
and Csp
<sup>2</sup>
–Csp
<sup>3</sup>
Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of
<i>P. falciparum</i>
, with IC
<sub>50</sub>
values in the range of 7–200 n
<sc>M</sc>
; one compound showed in vivo activity.
<blockFixed type="graphic">
<mediaResourceGroup>
<mediaResource alt="image" eRights="yes" copyright="WILEY-VCH" href="urn:x-wiley:18607179:media:CMDC200800318:content"></mediaResource>
<mediaResource alt="thumbnail image" rendition="webLoRes" mimeType="image/gif" href=""></mediaResource>
<mediaResource alt="original image" rendition="webOriginal" mimeType="image/gif" href=""></mediaResource>
<mediaResource alt="magnified image" rendition="webHiRes" mimeType="image/gif" href=""></mediaResource>
</mediaResourceGroup>
</blockFixed>
</p>
<p>
<i>The prophylactic administration of amodiaquine (AQ), a 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarial drug, has been associated with side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver damage. The toxicity of this drug is mediated by amodiaquine quinone‐imine, an electrophilic metabolite. Replacement of the 4′‐hydroxy function of AQ with various alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl substituents would provide analogues that avoid metabolism to potentially toxic derivatives. Following a multistep procedure, 33 compounds containing hydrophobic groups at the 4′‐position were synthesized using Csp
<sup>2</sup>
–Csp
<sup>2</sup>
and Csp
<sup>2</sup>
–Csp
<sup>3</sup>
Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of</i>
P. falciparum
<i>, with IC
<sub>50</sub>
values in the range of 7–200 n
<sc>M</sc>
. Alkyl analogues are more efficient than aryl or heteroaryl derivatives. All compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit β‐hematin formation in vitro. A detailed investigation of the structure–activity relationships for these new compounds was carried out; the 4′‐methyl compound showed interesting in vivo antimalarial activity.</i>
</p>
</abstract>
<abstract type="graphical" xml:lang="en">
<p>
<b>4′‐Substituted analogues</b>
of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp
<sup>2</sup>
–Csp
<sup>2</sup>
and Csp
<sup>2</sup>
–Csp
<sup>3</sup>
Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of
<i>P. falciparum</i>
, with IC
<sub>50</sub>
values in the range of 7–200 n
<sc>M</sc>
; one compound showed in vivo activity.
<blockFixed type="graphic">
<mediaResourceGroup>
<mediaResource alt="image" eRights="yes" copyright="WILEY-VCH" href="urn:x-wiley:18607179:media:CMDC200800318:content"></mediaResource>
<mediaResource alt="thumbnail image" rendition="webLoRes" mimeType="image/gif" href=""></mediaResource>
<mediaResource alt="original image" rendition="webOriginal" mimeType="image/gif" href=""></mediaResource>
<mediaResource alt="magnified image" rendition="webHiRes" mimeType="image/gif" href=""></mediaResource>
</mediaResourceGroup>
</blockFixed>
</p>
</abstract>
</abstractGroup>
</contentMeta>
</header>
</component>
</istex:document>
</istex:metadataXml>
<mods version="3.6">
<titleInfo lang="en">
<title>Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en">
<title>Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Emilia</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Păunescu</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Dr.</namePart>
<affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</affiliation>
<affiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Sophie</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Susplugas</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Dr.</namePart>
<affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Emmanuelle</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Boll</namePart>
<affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Richard</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Varga</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Dr.</namePart>
<affiliation>National Centre for X‐Ray Diffractometry, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Elisabeth</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mouray</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Dr.</namePart>
<affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Ion</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Grosu</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Prof.</namePart>
<affiliation>Organic Chemistry Department, “Babes‐Bolyai” University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos Str. No. 11, 400028 Cluj‐Napoca (Romania)</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Philippe</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Grellier</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Prof.</namePart>
<affiliation>USM 0504‐EA 3335 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement, Diversité Moléculaire, CP 52, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris (France)</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Patricia</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Melnyk</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Prof.</namePart>
<affiliation>UMR CNRS 8161 – Universités de Lille I & II – IPL, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3 20 87 12 35</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: patricia.melnyk@ibl.fr</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre>
<originInfo>
<publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher>
<place>
<placeTerm type="text">Weinheim</placeTerm>
</place>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-04-17</dateIssued>
<dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2008-09-29</dateCaptured>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate>
</originInfo>
<language>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
</language>
<physicalDescription>
<extent unit="figures">10</extent>
<extent unit="tables">1</extent>
<extent unit="references">88</extent>
</physicalDescription>
<abstract lang="en">4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity. The prophylactic administration of amodiaquine (AQ), a 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarial drug, has been associated with side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver damage. The toxicity of this drug is mediated by amodiaquine quinone‐imine, an electrophilic metabolite. Replacement of the 4′‐hydroxy function of AQ with various alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl substituents would provide analogues that avoid metabolism to potentially toxic derivatives. Following a multistep procedure, 33 compounds containing hydrophobic groups at the 4′‐position were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM. Alkyl analogues are more efficient than aryl or heteroaryl derivatives. All compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit β‐hematin formation in vitro. A detailed investigation of the structure–activity relationships for these new compounds was carried out; the 4′‐methyl compound showed interesting in vivo antimalarial activity.</abstract>
<abstract type="graphical" lang="en">4′‐Substituted analogues of amodiaquine and amopyroquine were synthesized using Csp2–Csp2 and Csp2–Csp3 Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions as the key step. The new derivatives were found to be active against both chloroquine (CQ)‐sensitive and CQ‐resistant strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values in the range of 7–200 nM; one compound showed in vivo activity.</abstract>
<note type="funding">CNRS</note>
<note type="funding">Université de Lille II</note>
<note type="funding">Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris</note>
<note type="funding">Agence Universitaire pour la Francophonie</note>
<subject lang="en">
<genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>4‐aminoquinoline</topic>
<topic>amodiaquine</topic>
<topic>antimalarials</topic>
<topic>drug design</topic>
<topic>heterocycles</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host">
<titleInfo>
<title>ChemMedChem</title>
<subTitle>Chemistry Enabling Drug Discovery</subTitle>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="abbreviated">
<title>ChemMedChem</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre>
<subject>
<genre>article-category</genre>
<topic>Full Paper</topic>
<topic>Full Papers</topic>
</subject>
<identifier type="ISSN">1860-7179</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1860-7187</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1860-7187</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">CMDC</identifier>
<part>
<date>2009</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>4</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue">
<caption>no.</caption>
<number>4</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>549</start>
<end>561</end>
<total>13</total>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit1">
<titleInfo>
<title>Med. Res. Rev.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. Vangapandu, M. Jain, K. Kaur, P. Patil, S. R. Patel, R. Jain, Med. Res. Rev. 2007, 27, 65–107.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Vangapandu</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jain</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kaur</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Patil</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Patel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jain</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2007</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>27</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>65</start>
<end>107</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit2">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit3">
<titleInfo>
<title>WHO Expert Committee on Malaria, Technical Report Series No. 829, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2000;</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit4">
<titleInfo>
<title>World Malaria Report, World Health Organization, 2005, http://rbm.who.int/wmr2005/pdf/WMReport_lr.pdf (accessed January 16, 2009).</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit5">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit6">
<titleInfo>
<title>Nature</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">R. G. Ridley, Nature 2002, 415, 686–693;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ridley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>415</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>686</start>
<end>693</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit7">
<titleInfo>
<title>Drug Resist. Updates</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">D. Warhurst, Drug Resist. Updates 2001, 4, 141–144;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Warhurst</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2001</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>4</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>141</start>
<end>144</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit8">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Infect. Dis.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">T. E. Wellems, C. V. Plowe, J. Infect. Dis. 2001, 184, 770–776;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Wellems</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C. V.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Plowe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2001</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>184</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>770</start>
<end>776</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit9">
<titleInfo>
<title>Science</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">T. E. Wellems, Science 2002, 298, 124–126;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Wellems</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>298</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>124</start>
<end>126</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit10">
<titleInfo>
<title>Malar. J.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">D. C. Warhurst, Malar. J. 2003, 2, 31.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Warhurst</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>2</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>31</start>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit11">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit12">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. M. O'Neill, D. Willock, S. R. Hawley, P. Bray, R. C. Storr, S. A. Ward, B. K. Park, J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40, 437–448;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Willock</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Storr</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>40</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>437</start>
<end>448</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit13">
<titleInfo>
<title>Pharmacol. Ther.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. M. O'Neill, P. G. Bray, S. R. Hawley, S. A. Ward, B. K. Park, Pharmacol. Ther. 1998, 77, 29–58;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1998</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>77</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>29</start>
<end>58</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit14">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Inorg. Biochem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">T. J. Egan, K. K. Ncokazi, J. Inorg. Biochem. 2005, 99, 1532–1539;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Egan</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ncokazi</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2005</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>99</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1532</start>
<end>1539</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit15">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochem. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">C. R. Chong, D. J. Sullivan, Biochem. Pharmacol. 2003, 66, 2201–2212;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Chong</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sullivan</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>66</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2201</start>
<end>2212</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit16">
<titleInfo>
<title>Cryst. Growth Des.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">R. Buller, M. L. Peterson, O. Almarsson, L. Leiserowitz, Cryst. Growth Des. 2002, 2, 553–562.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Buller</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Peterson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">O.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Almarsson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Leiserowitz</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>2</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>553</start>
<end>562</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit17">
<titleInfo>
<title>Mol. Cell</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">D. A. Fidock, T. Nomura, A. K. Talley, R. A. Cooper, S. M. Dzekunov, M. T. Ferdig, L. M. B. Ursos, A. Singh Sidhu, B. Naudé, K. W. Deitsch, X.‐Z. Su, J. C. Wootton, P. D. Roepe, T. E. Wellems, Mol. Cell 2000, 6, 861–871.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fidock</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Nomura</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Talley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cooper</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Dzekunov</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. T.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ferdig</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. M. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ursos</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. Singh</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sidhu</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Naudé</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K. W.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Deitsch</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">X.‐Z.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Su</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Wootton</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Roepe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Wellems</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2000</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>6</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>861</start>
<end>871</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit18">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Am. Chem. Soc.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">J. H. Burckhalter, F. H. Tendick, E. M. Jones, P. A. Jones, W. F. Holcomb, A. L. Rawlins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 1363–1373.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Burckhalter</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F. H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tendick</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jones</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jones</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Holcomb</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rawlins</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1948</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>70</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1363</start>
<end>1373</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit19">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit20">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">W. M. Watkins, D. G. Sixsmith, H. G. Spencer, D. A. Boriga, D. M. Karjuki, T. Kipingor, D. K. Koech, Lancet 1984, 323, 357–359;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Watkins</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sixsmith</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">H. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Spencer</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Boriga</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Karjuki</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kipingor</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Koech</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1984</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>323</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>357</start>
<end>359</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit21">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">N. J. White, Lancet 1996, 348, 1184–1185;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">N. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">White</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>348</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1184</start>
<end>1185</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit22">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. Olliaro, C. Nevill, J. Lebras, P. Ringwald, P. Mussano, P. Garner, P. Brasseur, Lancet 1996, 348, 1196–1201.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Olliaro</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Nevill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Lebras</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ringwald</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mussano</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Garner</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brasseur</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>348</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1196</start>
<end>1201</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit23">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit24">
<titleInfo>
<title>Br. Med. J.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">D. E. Lind, J. A. Levi, P. C. Vincent, Br. Med. J. 1973, 1, 458–460;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Lind</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Levi</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Vincent</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1973</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>458</start>
<end>460</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit25">
<titleInfo>
<title>Br. Med. J.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">K. A. Neftel, W. Woodtly, M. Schmidt, P. G. Frick, J. Fehr, Br. Med. J. 1986, 292, 721–723.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Neftel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Woodtly</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Schmidt</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Frick</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fehr</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1986</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>292</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>721</start>
<end>723</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit26">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit27">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">D. J. Naisbitt, J. E. Ruscoe, D. Williams, P. M. O'Neill, M. Pirmohamed, B. K. Park, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1997, 280, 884–893;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Naisbitt</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ruscoe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Williams</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pirmohamed</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>280</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>884</start>
<end>893</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit28">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">J. E. Ruscoe, H. Jewell, J. L. Maggs, P. M. O'Neill, R. C. Storr, S. A. Ward, B. K. Park, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1995, 273, 393–404;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ruscoe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jewell</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maggs</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Storr</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1995</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>273</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>393</start>
<end>404</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit29">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">J. E. Ruscoe, M. D. Tingle, P. M. O'Neill, S. A. Ward, B. K. Park, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1998, 42, 2410–2416;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ruscoe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tingle</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1998</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>42</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2410</start>
<end>2416</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit30">
<titleInfo>
<title>Chem. Res. Toxicol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">D. J. Naisbitt, D. P. Williams, P. M. O'Neill, J. L. Maggs, D. J. Willock, M. Pirmohamed, B. K. Park, Chem. Res. Toxicol. 1998, 11, 1586–1595;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Naisbitt</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Williams</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maggs</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Willock</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pirmohamed</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1998</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>11</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1586</start>
<end>1595</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit31">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochem. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">M. D. Tingle, H. Jewell, J. L. Maggs, P. M. O'Neill, B. K. Park, Biochem. Pharmacol. 1995, 50, 1113–1119.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tingle</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jewell</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maggs</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1995</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>50</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1113</start>
<end>1119</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit32">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit33">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. G. Staedke, G. Dorsey, P. J. Rosenthal, Lancet 2003, 361, 1229–1230;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Staedke</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Dorsey</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rosenthal</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>361</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1229</start>
<end>1230</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit34">
<titleInfo>
<title>Les combinaisons thérapeutiques antipaludiques: Rapport d'une consultation technique de L'OMS, 2001, Genève, Organisation mondiale de La Santé (WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.35);</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit35">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">T. K. Mutabingwa, D. Anthony, A. Heller, R. Hallett, J. Ahmed, C. Drakeley, B. M. Greenwood, C. J. M. Whitty, Lancet 2005, 365, 1474–1480;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mutabingwa</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Anthony</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Heller</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hallett</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ahmed</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Drakeley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Greenwood</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C. J. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Whitty</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2005</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>365</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1474</start>
<end>1480</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit36">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">M. Adjuik, P. Agnamey, A. Babiker, S. Borrmann, P. Brasseur, M. Cisse, F. Cobelens, S. Diallo, J. F. Faucher, P. Garner, S. Gikunda, P. G. Kremsner, S. Krishna, B. Lell, M. Loolpapit, P.‐B. Matsiegui, M. A. Missinou, J. Mwanza, F. Ntoumi, P. Olliaro, P. Osimbo, P. Rezbach, E. Some, W. R. J. Taylor, Lancet 2002, 359, 1365–1372;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Adjuik</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Agnamey</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Babiker</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Borrmann</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brasseur</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cisse</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cobelens</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Diallo</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Faucher</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Garner</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gikunda</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kremsner</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Krishna</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Lell</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Loolpapit</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.‐B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Matsiegui</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Missinou</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mwanza</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ntoumi</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Olliaro</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Osimbo</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rezbach</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Some</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W. R. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Taylor</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>359</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1365</start>
<end>1372</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit37">
<titleInfo>
<title>Lancet</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">G. Dorsey, D. Njama, M. R. Kamya, A. Cattamanchi, D. Kyabayinze, S. G. Staedke, A. Gasasira, P. J. Rosenthal, Lancet 2002, 360, 2031–2038.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Dorsey</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Njama</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kamya</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cattamanchi</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kyabayinze</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Staedke</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gasasira</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rosenthal</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>360</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2031</start>
<end>2038</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit38">
<titleInfo>
<title>Infect. Genet. Evol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">G. Holmgren, J. P. Gil, P. M. Ferreira, M. I. Veiga, C. O. Obonyo, A. Björkman, Infect. Genet. Evol. 2006, 6, 309–314.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Holmgren</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gil</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ferreira</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. I.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Veiga</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C. O.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Obonyo</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Björkman</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2006</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>6</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>309</start>
<end>314</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit39">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit40">
<titleInfo>
<title>Malar. J.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">B. Faye, J.‐L. Ndiaye, D. Ndiaye, Y. Dieng, O. Faye, O. Gaye, Malar. J. 2007, 6, 80;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Faye</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.‐L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ndiaye</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ndiaye</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Y.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Dieng</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">O.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Faye</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">O.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gaye</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2007</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>6</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>80</start>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit41">
<titleInfo>
<title>Bull. World Health Organ.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">W. R. J. Taylor, D. J. Terlouw, P. L. Olliaro, N. J. White, P. Brasseur, F. O. ter Kuile, Bull. World Health Organ. 2006, 84, 956–964.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W. R. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Taylor</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Terlouw</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Olliaro</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">N. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">White</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brasseur</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F. O.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">ter Kuile</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2006</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>84</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>956</start>
<end>964</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit42">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit43">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochem. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. R. Hawley, P. G. Bray, P. M. O'Neill, B. K. Park, S. A. Ward, Biochem. Pharmacol. 1996, 52, 723–733;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>52</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>723</start>
<end>733</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit44">
<titleInfo>
<title>Molec. Biochem. Parasitol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. R. Hawley, P. G. Bray, B. K. Park, S. A. Ward, Molec. Biochem. Parasitol. 1996, 80, 15–25.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>80</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>15</start>
<end>25</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit45">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit46">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. R. Hawley, P. G. Bray, P. M. O'Neill, D. J. Naisbitt, B. K. Park, S. A. Ward, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1996, 40, 2345–2349;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Naisbitt</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>40</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2345</start>
<end>2349</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit47">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">F. Verdier, E. Pussard, F. Clavier, J. Le Bras, C. Gaudebout, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1989, 33, 316–321.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Verdier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pussard</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Clavier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Le Bras</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gaudebout</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1989</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>33</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>316</start>
<end>321</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit48">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">E. Pussard, F. Verdier, F. Faurisson, F. Clavier, F. Simon, C. Gaudebout, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1988, 32, 568–572.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pussard</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Verdier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Faurisson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Clavier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Simon</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gaudebout</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1988</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>32</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>568</start>
<end>572</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit49">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit50">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antibiot. Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. Thompson, K. Weston, A. J. Glazko, R. A. Fisken, T. A. Reutner, A. Bayles, J. K. Weston, Antibiot. Chemother. 1958, 8, 450–460;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Thompson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Weston</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Glazko</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fisken</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Reutner</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bayles</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Weston</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1958</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>8</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>450</start>
<end>460</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit51">
<titleInfo>
<title>Mol. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. G. Bray, S. R. Hawley, M. Mungthin, S. A. Ward, Mol. Pharmacol. 1996, 50, 1559–1566;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mungthin</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>50</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1559</start>
<end>1566</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit52">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">C. Gaudebout, E. Pussard, F. Clavier, D. Gueret, J. Le Bras, O. Brandicourt, F. Verdier, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1993, 37, 970–974.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gaudebout</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pussard</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Clavier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gueret</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Le Bras</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">O.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brandicourt</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Verdier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1993</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>37</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>970</start>
<end>974</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit53">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit54">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">K. J. Raynes, P. A. Stocks, P. M. O'Neill, B. K. Park, S. A. Ward, J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 2747–2751;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Raynes</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Stocks</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1999</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>42</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2747</start>
<end>2751</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit55">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. J. Kesten, J. Johnson, L. M. Werbel, J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 906–911.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kesten</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Johnson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Werbel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1987</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>30</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>906</start>
<end>911</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit56">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">L. M. Werbel, P. D. Cook, E. F. Elslager, J. H. Hung, J. L. Johnson, S. J. Kesten, D. J. McNamara, D. F. Ortwine, D. F. Worth, J. Med. Chem. 1986, 29, 924–939.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Werbel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cook</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Elslager</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hung</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Johnson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kesten</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">McNamara</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ortwine</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Worth</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1986</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>29</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>924</start>
<end>939</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit57">
<titleInfo>
<title>Communication from L. M. Werbel and H. Chung, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington DC (USA).</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit58">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit59">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochem. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">J. L. Maggs, N. R. Kitteringham, B. K. Park, Biochem. Pharmacol. 1988, 37, 303–311;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maggs</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">N. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kitteringham</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1988</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>37</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>303</start>
<end>311</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit60">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochem. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">A. C. Harrison, N. R. Kitteringham, J. B. Clarke, B. K. Park, Biochem. Pharmacol. 1992, 43, 1421–1430;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Harrison</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">N. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kitteringham</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Clarke</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1992</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>43</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1421</start>
<end>1430</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit61">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. M. O'Neill, A. C. Harrison, R. C. Storr, S. R. Hawley, S. A. Ward, B. K. Park, J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1362–1370;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Harrison</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Storr</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hawley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1994</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>37</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1362</start>
<end>1370</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit62">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">P. M. O'Neill, A. Mukhtar, P. A. Stocks, L. E. Randle, S. Hindley, S. A. Ward, R. C. Storr, J. F. Bickley, I. A. O'Neil, J. L. Maggs, R. H. Hughes, P. A. Winstanley, P. G. Bray, B. K. Park, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 4933–4945;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mukhtar</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Stocks</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Randle</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hindley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ward</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Storr</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bickley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">I. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neil</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maggs</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hughes</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Winstanley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>46</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>4933</start>
<end>4945</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit63">
<titleInfo>
<title>Xenobiotica</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">H. Jewell, J. L. Maggs, J. E. Ruscoe, A. C. Harrison, P. M. O'Neill, J. E. Ruscoe, B. K. Park, Xenobiotica 1995, 25, 199–217.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jewell</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maggs</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ruscoe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Harrison</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O'Neill</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ruscoe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Park</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1995</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>25</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>199</start>
<end>217</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit64">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">B. M. Kotecka, G. B. Barlin, M. D. Edstein, K. H. Rieckmann, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1997, 41, 1369–1374.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kotecka</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Barlin</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Edstein</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K. H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rieckmann</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>41</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1369</start>
<end>1374</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit65">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit66">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. Delarue, S. Girault, L. Maes, M.‐A. Debreu‐Fontaine, L. Mehdi, P. Grellier, C. Sergheraert, J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 2827–2833;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Delarue</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Girault</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maes</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.‐A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Debreu‐Fontaine</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mehdi</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Grellier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sergheraert</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2001</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>44</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2827</start>
<end>2833</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit67">
<titleInfo>
<title>Eur. J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. Delarue‐Cochin, E. Paunescu, L. Maes, E. Mouray, C. Sergheraert, P. Grellier, P. Melnyk, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2008, 43, 252–260;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Delarue‐Cochin</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Paunescu</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maes</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mouray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sergheraert</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Grellier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Melnyk</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2008</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>43</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>252</start>
<end>260</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit68">
<titleInfo>
<title>Eur. J. Med. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">S. Delarue‐Cochin, P. Grellier, L. Maes, E. Mouray, C. Sergheraert, P. Melnyk, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2008, 43, 2045–2055.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Delarue‐Cochin</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Grellier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Maes</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mouray</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sergheraert</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Melnyk</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2008</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>43</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2045</start>
<end>2055</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit69">
<titleInfo>
<title>Tetrahedron</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">E. Paunescu, N. Matuszak, P. Melnyk, Tetrahedron 2007, 63, 12791–12810.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Paunescu</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">N.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Matuszak</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Melnyk</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2007</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>63</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>12791</start>
<end>12810</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit70">
<titleInfo>
<title>Tetrahedron</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">G. A. Molander, C.‐S. Yun, Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 1465–1470.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Molander</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.‐S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Yun</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>58</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>1465</start>
<end>1470</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit71">
<titleInfo>
<title> </title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit72">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochemistry</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">A. Leed, K. DuBay, L. M. B. Ursos, D. N. Sears, A. C. de Dios, P. D. Roepe, Biochemistry 2002, 41, 10245–10255;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Leed</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">DuBay</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. M. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ursos</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. N.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sears</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">de Dios</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Roepe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>41</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>10245</start>
<end>10255</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit73">
<titleInfo>
<title>Inorg. Chem.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">A. C. de Dios, L. B. Casabianca, A. Kosar, P. D. Roepe, Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 8078–8084;</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">de Dios</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Casabianca</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kosar</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Roepe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2004</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>43</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>8078</start>
<end>8084</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit74">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Phys. Chem. A</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">A. C. de Dios, R. Tycko, L. M. B. Ursos, P. D. Roepe, J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 5821.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">de Dios</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tycko</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L. M. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ursos</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Roepe</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>107</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>5821</start>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit75">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Am. Chem. Soc.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">I. Solomonov, M. Osipova, Y. Feldman, C. Baehtz, K. Kjaer, I. K. Robinson, G. T. Webster, D. McNaughton, B. R. Wood, I. Weissbuch, L. Leiserowitz, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 2615–2627.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">I.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Solomonov</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Osipova</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Y.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Feldman</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Baehtz</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kjaer</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">I. K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Robinson</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G. T.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Webster</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">McNaughton</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">B. R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Wood</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">I.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Weissbuch</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Leiserowitz</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2007</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>129</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2615</start>
<end>2627</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit76">
<titleInfo>
<title>Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">N. J. White, S. Looareesuwan, G. Edwards, R. E. Phillips, J. Karbwang, D. D. Nicholl, C. Bunch, D. A. Warrel, Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1987, 23, 127–135.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">N. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">White</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Looareesuwan</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Edwards</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Phillips</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Karbwang</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Nicholl</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bunch</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D. A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Warrel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1987</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>23</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>127</start>
<end>135</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit77">
<titleInfo>
<title>Arzneim. Forsch. Drug. Res.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">F. Laurent, S. Salvin, P. Chretien, J. F. Magnaval, F. Peyron, A. Sqalli, A. E. Tufenkji, Y. Coulais, H. Baba, G. Campistron, H. Regis, P. Ambrose‐Thomas, A. Bryskier, C. Hovin, Arzneim. Forsch. Drug. Res. 1993, 43, 612–616.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Laurent</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Salvin</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Chretien</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Magnaval</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Peyron</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sqalli</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tufenkji</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Y.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Coulais</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Baba</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Campistron</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Regis</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">P.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ambrose‐Thomas</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bryskier</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hovin</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1993</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>43</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>612</start>
<end>616</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit78">
<titleInfo>
<title>Vacuolar accumulation ratios (VARs) were calculated in silico with the following equation: VAR=${{1+{{}mathrel{mathop{sum{}}limits^{4}limits_{n=1}}{}}{{}mathrel{mathop{sum{}}limits^{n}limits_{i=1}}{}}10{^{{rm p}K{_{{rm ai}}}- {rm pH}{_{{rm v}}}}}over 1+{{}mathrel{mathop{sum{}}limits^{4}limits_{n=1}}{}}{{}mathrel{mathop{sum{}}limits^{n}limits_{i=1}}{}}10{^{{rm p}K{_{{rm ai}}}- {rm pH}{_{{rm o}}}}}}}$ for which pHv=pH inside the vacuole (assumed to be pH 5.0) and pHo=external pH (assumed to be pH 7.4). This equation is a derivation of the Henderson–Hasselbach equation, based on predicted values of drug pKa according to previous works of Hawley et al.[13a] Values of pKa were calculated by using ACD/pKa DB software from Advanced Chemistry Development Inc., Toronto (Canada).</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit79">
<titleInfo>
<title>Science</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">W. Trager, J. B. Jensen, Science 1976, 193, 673–677.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Trager</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. B.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1976</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>193</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>673</start>
<end>677</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit80">
<titleInfo>
<title>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">R. E. Desjardins, C. J. Canfield, J. D. Haynes, J. D. Chulay, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1979, 16, 710–718.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">R. E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Desjardins</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C. J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Canfield</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Haynes</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Chulay</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1979</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>16</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>710</start>
<end>718</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit81">
<titleInfo>
<title>J. Immunol. Methods</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">T. Mosmann, J. Immunol. Methods 1983, 65, 55–63.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mosmann</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1983</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>65</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>55</start>
<end>63</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit82">
<titleInfo>
<title>Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">C. D. Fitch, G. Cai, Y.‐F. Chen, J. D. Shoemaker, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis. 1999, 1454, 31–37.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">C. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fitch</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cai</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Y.‐F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Chen</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">J. D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Shoemaker</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1999</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1454</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>31</start>
<end>37</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit83">
<titleInfo>
<title>Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">F. Ayad, L. Tilley, L.‐W. Deady, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 11, 2075–2077.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ayad</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tilley</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">L.‐W.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Deady</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>2001</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>11</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>2075</start>
<end>2077</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit84">
<titleInfo>
<title>W. Peters, Chemotherapy and Drug Resistance in Malaria, Vol. 1, 1987, Academic Press, New York, pp. 145–273.</title>
</titleInfo>
<note type="citation/reference">W. Peters, Chemotherapy and Drug Resistance in Malaria, Vol. 1, 1987, Academic Press, New York, pp. 145–273.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">W.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Peters</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book</genre>
<part>
<date>1987</date>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>145</start>
<end>273</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit85">
<titleInfo>
<title>Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">G. M. Sheldrick, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A 1990, 46, 467.</note>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">G. M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sheldrick</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<part>
<date>1990</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>46</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>467</start>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit86">
<titleInfo>
<title>G. M. Sheldrick, SHELX‐97, University of Göttingen (Germany) 1997.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit87">
<titleInfo>
<title>DIAMOND—Visual Crystal Structure Information System, CRYSTAL IMPACT, Postfach 1251, 53002 Bonn, (Germany) 2001.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit88">
<titleInfo>
<title>G. M. Sheldrick, SADABS: Program for area detector adsorption correction, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen (Germany) 1996.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre>other</genre>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E</identifier>
<identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1002/cmdc.200800318</identifier>
<identifier type="ArticleID">CMDC200800318</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</accessCondition>
<recordInfo>
<recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-L0C46X92-X">wiley</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>Converted from (version ) to MODS version 3.6.</recordOrigin>
<recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2019-11-14</recordCreationDate>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
<json:item>
<extension>json</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/json</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-MX1WGHTS-3/record.json</uri>
</json:item>
</metadata>
<serie></serie>
</istex>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/ChloroquineV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001E41 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001E41 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Sante
   |area=    ChloroquineV1
   |flux=    Istex
   |étape=   Corpus
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     ISTEX:8064571C70054719638132C3F1AB010D901F533E
   |texte=   Replacement of the 4′‐Hydroxy Group of Amodiaquine and Amopyroquine by Aromatic and Aliphatic Substituents: Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity
}}

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33.
Data generation: Wed Mar 25 22:43:59 2020. Site generation: Sun Jan 31 12:44:45 2021