Henipavirus Encephalitis: Recent Developments and Advances
Identifieur interne : 001A23 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001A22; suivant : 001A24Henipavirus Encephalitis: Recent Developments and Advances
Auteurs : Kien Chai Ong ; Kum Thong WongSource :
- Brain Pathology [ 1015-6305 ] ; 2015-09.
Abstract
The genus Henipavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae includes the Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) which were discovered in the 1990s in Australia and Malaysia, respectively, after emerging to cause severe and often fatal outbreaks in humans and animals. While HeV is confined to Australia, more recent NiV outbreaks have been reported in Bangladesh, India and the Philippines. The clinical manifestations of both henipaviruses in humans appear similar, with a predominance of an acute encephalitic syndrome. Likewise, the pathological features are similar and characterized by disseminated, multi‐organ vasculopathy comprising endothelial infection/ulceration, vasculitis, vasculitis‐induced thrombosis/occlusion, parenchymal ischemia/microinfarction, and parenchymal cell infection in the central nervous system (CNS), lung, kidney and other major organs. This unique dual pathogenetic mechanism of vasculitis‐induced microinfarction and neuronal infection causes severe tissue damage in the CNS. Both viruses can also cause relapsing encephalitis months and years after the acute infection. Many animal models studied to date have largely confirmed the pathology of henipavirus infection, and provided the means to test new therapeutic agents and vaccines. As the bat is the natural host of henipaviruses and has worldwide distribution, spillover events into human populations are expected to occur in the future.
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DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12278
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While HeV is confined to Australia, more recent NiV outbreaks have been reported in Bangladesh, India and the Philippines. The clinical manifestations of both henipaviruses in humans appear similar, with a predominance of an acute encephalitic syndrome. Likewise, the pathological features are similar and characterized by disseminated, multi‐organ vasculopathy comprising endothelial infection/ulceration, vasculitis, vasculitis‐induced thrombosis/occlusion, parenchymal ischemia/microinfarction, and parenchymal cell infection in the central nervous system (CNS), lung, kidney and other major organs. This unique dual pathogenetic mechanism of vasculitis‐induced microinfarction and neuronal infection causes severe tissue damage in the CNS. Both viruses can also cause relapsing encephalitis months and years after the acute infection. Many animal models studied to date have largely confirmed the pathology of henipavirus infection, and provided the means to test new therapeutic agents and vaccines. As the bat is the natural host of henipaviruses and has worldwide distribution, spillover events into human populations are expected to occur in the future.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Kien Chai Ong</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kum Thong Wong</name><affiliations><json:string>Department ofPathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</json:string><json:string>Kum Thong Wong, MBBS, MPATH, FRCPATH, MD, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (E‐mail: )</json:string><json:string>E-mail: wongkt@ummc.edu.my</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>encephalitis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Hendra virus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Nipah virus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>pathological</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>BPA12278</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-D0WSD0PP-J</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>miscellaneous</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The genus Henipavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae includes the Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) which were discovered in the 1990s in Australia and Malaysia, respectively, after emerging to cause severe and often fatal outbreaks in humans and animals. 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Many animal models studied to date have largely confirmed the pathology of henipavirus infection, and provided the means to test new therapeutic agents and vaccines. 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As the bat is the natural host of henipaviruses and has worldwide distribution, spillover events into human populations are expected to occur in the future.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0001">encephalitis</term><term xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0002">Hendra virus</term><term xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0003">Nipah virus</term><term xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0004">pathological</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>MINI‐SYMPOSIUM: Emerging Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Mini‐Symposium: Emerging Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" 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ownership="thirdParty">Brain Pathology © 2015 International Society of Neuropathology</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering number="25" type="journalVolume">25</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">5</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2015-09">September 2015</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="100" status="forIssue" type="miscellaneous"><doi>10.1111/bpa.12278</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="BPA12278"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="9" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">MINI‐SYMPOSIUM: Emerging Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System</title><title type="articleCategory">Mini‐Symposium: Emerging Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">© 2015 International Society of Neuropathology</copyright><eventGroup><event agent="bestset" date="2015-07-02" type="xmlCreated"></event><event date="2015-06-13" type="manuscriptReceived"></event><event date="2015-06-18" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2015-08-15"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2015-08-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.7.5 mode:FullText" date="2016-01-21"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">605</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">613</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line><b>Corresponding author:</b></line><line>Kum Thong Wong, MBBS, MPATH, FRCPATH, MD, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (E‐mail: <email>wongkt@ummc.edu.my</email>)</line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:BPA.BPA12278.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="short">Update on Henipavirus Encephalitis</title><title type="shortAuthors">Ong & <fc>W</fc>ong</title><title type="main">Henipavirus Encephalitis: Recent Developments and Advances</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#bpa12278-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bpa12278-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>Kien Chai</givenNames><familyName>Ong</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bpa12278-aff-0002" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bpa12278-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>Kum Thong</givenNames><familyName>Wong</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="bpa12278-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Department of Biomedical Science</orgDiv><orgDiv>Faculty of Medicine</orgDiv><orgName>University of Malaya</orgName><address><city>Kuala Lumpur</city><country>Malaysia</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="MY" xml:id="bpa12278-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Department ofPathology</orgDiv><orgDiv>Faculty of Medicine</orgDiv><orgName>University of Malaya</orgName><address><city>Kuala Lumpur</city><country>Malaysia</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0001">encephalitis</keyword><keyword xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0002">Hendra virus</keyword><keyword xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0003">Nipah virus</keyword><keyword xml:id="bpa12278-kwd-0004">pathological</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>University of Malaya/Ministry of Education High Impact Research Grant</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>H‐20001‐00‐E000004</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The genus <fc><i>H</i></fc><i>enipavirus</i> within the family <fc>P</fc>aramyxoviridae includes the Hendra virus (<fc>HeV</fc>) and <fc>N</fc>ipah virus (<fc>NiV</fc>) which were discovered in the 1990s in <fc>A</fc>ustralia and <fc>M</fc>alaysia, respectively, after emerging to cause severe and often fatal outbreaks in humans and animals. While <fc>HeV</fc> is confined to <fc>A</fc>ustralia, more recent <fc>NiV</fc> outbreaks have been reported in <fc>B</fc>angladesh, <fc>I</fc>ndia and the <fc>P</fc>hilippines. The clinical manifestations of both henipaviruses in humans appear similar, with a predominance of an acute encephalitic syndrome. Likewise, the pathological features are similar and characterized by disseminated, multi‐organ vasculopathy comprising endothelial infection/ulceration, vasculitis, vasculitis‐induced thrombosis/occlusion, parenchymal ischemia/microinfarction, and parenchymal cell infection in the central nervous system (<fc>CNS</fc>), lung, kidney and other major organs. This unique dual pathogenetic mechanism of vasculitis‐induced microinfarction and neuronal infection causes severe tissue damage in the <fc>CNS</fc>. Both viruses can also cause relapsing encephalitis months and years after the acute infection. Many animal models studied to date have largely confirmed the pathology of henipavirus infection, and provided the means to test new therapeutic agents and vaccines. As the bat is the natural host of henipaviruses and has worldwide distribution, spillover events into human populations are expected to occur in the future.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note numbered="no" xml:id="bpa12278-note-0001">Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.</note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Henipavirus Encephalitis: Recent Developments and Advances</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Update on Henipavirus Encephalitis</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Henipavirus Encephalitis: Recent Developments and Advances</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kien Chai</namePart><namePart type="family">Ong</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kum Thong</namePart><namePart type="family">Wong</namePart><affiliation>Department ofPathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</affiliation><affiliation>Kum Thong Wong, MBBS, MPATH, FRCPATH, MD, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (E‐mail: )</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: wongkt@ummc.edu.my</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="miscellaneous" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2015-09</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2015-07-02</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2015-06-13</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2015-06-18</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2015</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>The genus Henipavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae includes the Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) which were discovered in the 1990s in Australia and Malaysia, respectively, after emerging to cause severe and often fatal outbreaks in humans and animals. While HeV is confined to Australia, more recent NiV outbreaks have been reported in Bangladesh, India and the Philippines. The clinical manifestations of both henipaviruses in humans appear similar, with a predominance of an acute encephalitic syndrome. Likewise, the pathological features are similar and characterized by disseminated, multi‐organ vasculopathy comprising endothelial infection/ulceration, vasculitis, vasculitis‐induced thrombosis/occlusion, parenchymal ischemia/microinfarction, and parenchymal cell infection in the central nervous system (CNS), lung, kidney and other major organs. This unique dual pathogenetic mechanism of vasculitis‐induced microinfarction and neuronal infection causes severe tissue damage in the CNS. Both viruses can also cause relapsing encephalitis months and years after the acute infection. Many animal models studied to date have largely confirmed the pathology of henipavirus infection, and provided the means to test new therapeutic agents and vaccines. 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