Patterns and problems of deliberate self‐poisoning in the developing world
Identifieur interne : 001034 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001033; suivant : 001035Patterns and problems of deliberate self‐poisoning in the developing world
Auteurs : M. EddlestonSource :
- QJM [ 1460-2725 ] ; 2000.
Abstract
Deliberate self‐harm is a major problem in the developing world, responsible for around 600 000 deaths in 1990. The toxicity of available poisons and paucity of medical services ensure that mortality from self‐poisoning is far greater in the tropics than in the industrialized world. Few data are available on the poisons most commonly used for self‐harm in different parts of the world. This paper reviews the literature on poisoning, to identify the important poisons used for self‐harm in these regions. Pesticides are the most important poison throughout the tropics, being both common and associated with a high mortality rate. In some regions, particular pesticides have become the most popular method of self‐harm, gaining a notoriety amongst both health‐care workers and public. Self‐poisoning with medicines such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants is common in urban areas, but associated with few deaths. The antimalarial chloroquine appears the most significant medicine, self‐poisoning being common in both Africa and the Pacific region, and often fatal. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used in many countries but in few has it reached the popularity typical of the UK. Domestic and industrial chemicals are responsible for significant numbers of deaths and long‐term disabilities world‐wide. Self‐poisoning with plant parts, although uncommon globally, is locally popular in some regions. Few of these poisons have specific antidotes. This emphasizes the importance of determining whether interventions aimed at reducing poison absorption actually produce a clinical benefit, reducing death and complication rates. Future research to improve medical management and find effective ways of reducing the incidence of self‐harm, together with more widespread provision of interventions proven to be effective, could rapidly reduce the number of deaths from self‐poisoning in the developing world.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/93.11.715
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ISTEX:795A7A0C8CFB3780189B4EF1FDC741C0A7FC590BLe document en format XML
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The toxicity of available poisons and paucity of medical services ensure that mortality from self‐poisoning is far greater in the tropics than in the industrialized world. Few data are available on the poisons most commonly used for self‐harm in different parts of the world. This paper reviews the literature on poisoning, to identify the important poisons used for self‐harm in these regions. Pesticides are the most important poison throughout the tropics, being both common and associated with a high mortality rate. In some regions, particular pesticides have become the most popular method of self‐harm, gaining a notoriety amongst both health‐care workers and public. Self‐poisoning with medicines such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants is common in urban areas, but associated with few deaths. The antimalarial chloroquine appears the most significant medicine, self‐poisoning being common in both Africa and the Pacific region, and often fatal. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used in many countries but in few has it reached the popularity typical of the UK. Domestic and industrial chemicals are responsible for significant numbers of deaths and long‐term disabilities world‐wide. Self‐poisoning with plant parts, although uncommon globally, is locally popular in some regions. Few of these poisons have specific antidotes. This emphasizes the importance of determining whether interventions aimed at reducing poison absorption actually produce a clinical benefit, reducing death and complication rates. 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<ref target="http://www.tei-c.org/">We use TEI</ref></desc></application></appInfo></encodingDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Deliberate self‐harm is a major problem in the developing world, responsible for around 600 000 deaths in 1990. The toxicity of available poisons and paucity of medical services ensure that mortality from self‐poisoning is far greater in the tropics than in the industrialized world. Few data are available on the poisons most commonly used for self‐harm in different parts of the world. This paper reviews the literature on poisoning, to identify the important poisons used for self‐harm in these regions. Pesticides are the most important poison throughout the tropics, being both common and associated with a high mortality rate. In some regions, particular pesticides have become the most popular method of self‐harm, gaining a notoriety amongst both health‐care workers and public. Self‐poisoning with medicines such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants is common in urban areas, but associated with few deaths. The antimalarial chloroquine appears the most significant medicine, self‐poisoning being common in both Africa and the Pacific region, and often fatal. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used in many countries but in few has it reached the popularity typical of the UK. Domestic and industrial chemicals are responsible for significant numbers of deaths and long‐term disabilities world‐wide. Self‐poisoning with plant parts, although uncommon globally, is locally popular in some regions. Few of these poisons have specific antidotes. This emphasizes the importance of determining whether interventions aimed at reducing poison absorption actually produce a clinical benefit, reducing death and complication rates. Future research to improve medical management and find effective ways of reducing the incidence of self‐harm, together with more widespread provision of interventions proven to be effective, could rapidly reduce the number of deaths from self‐poisoning in the developing world.</p></abstract><textClass ana="subject"><keywords scheme="heading"><term>Original papers</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-09" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HXZ-G51XN996-0/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus oup, element #text not found" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="journalpublishing.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article xml:lang="en" article-type="other"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">qjmed</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">QJM</journal-id>
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<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/qjmed/93.11.715</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">1460-2393</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original papers</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Patterns and problems of deliberate self‐poisoning in the developing world</article-title></title-group><contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eddleston</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name>
<xref rid="FN1"></xref>
</contrib><aff>From the Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2000</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>715</fpage><lpage>731</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>21</day><month>6</month><year>2000</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>6</day><month>9</month><year>2000</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Association of Physicians</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2000</copyright-year></permissions><abstract xml:lang="en">
<p>Deliberate self‐harm is a major problem in the developing world, responsible for around 600 000 deaths in 1990. The toxicity of available poisons and paucity of medical services ensure that mortality from self‐poisoning is far greater in the tropics than in the industrialized world. Few data are available on the poisons most commonly used for self‐harm in different parts of the world. This paper reviews the literature on poisoning, to identify the important poisons used for self‐harm in these regions. Pesticides are the most important poison throughout the tropics, being both common and associated with a high mortality rate. In some regions, particular pesticides have become the most popular method of self‐harm, gaining a notoriety amongst both health‐care workers and public. Self‐poisoning with medicines such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants is common in urban areas, but associated with few deaths. The antimalarial chloroquine appears the most significant medicine, self‐poisoning being common in both Africa and the Pacific region, and often fatal. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used in many countries but in few has it reached the popularity typical of the UK. Domestic and industrial chemicals are responsible for significant numbers of deaths and long‐term disabilities world‐wide. Self‐poisoning with plant parts, although uncommon globally, is locally popular in some regions. Few of these poisons have specific antidotes. This emphasizes the importance of determining whether interventions aimed at reducing poison absorption actually produce a clinical benefit, reducing death and complication rates. Future research to improve medical management and find effective ways of reducing the incidence of self‐harm, together with more widespread provision of interventions proven to be effective, could rapidly reduce the number of deaths from self‐poisoning in the developing world.</p>
</abstract><custom-meta-wrap><custom-meta><meta-name>hwp-legacy-fpage</meta-name><meta-value>715</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>hwp-legacy-dochead</meta-name><meta-value>Original papers</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-wrap></article-meta></front>
</article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Patterns and problems of deliberate self‐poisoning in the developing world</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Patterns and problems of deliberate self‐poisoning in the developing world</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Eddleston</namePart><affiliation>From the Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</affiliation></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="other" displayLabel="other" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-7474895G-0">other</genre><originInfo><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000-11</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Deliberate self‐harm is a major problem in the developing world, responsible for around 600 000 deaths in 1990. The toxicity of available poisons and paucity of medical services ensure that mortality from self‐poisoning is far greater in the tropics than in the industrialized world. Few data are available on the poisons most commonly used for self‐harm in different parts of the world. This paper reviews the literature on poisoning, to identify the important poisons used for self‐harm in these regions. Pesticides are the most important poison throughout the tropics, being both common and associated with a high mortality rate. In some regions, particular pesticides have become the most popular method of self‐harm, gaining a notoriety amongst both health‐care workers and public. Self‐poisoning with medicines such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants is common in urban areas, but associated with few deaths. The antimalarial chloroquine appears the most significant medicine, self‐poisoning being common in both Africa and the Pacific region, and often fatal. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used in many countries but in few has it reached the popularity typical of the UK. Domestic and industrial chemicals are responsible for significant numbers of deaths and long‐term disabilities world‐wide. Self‐poisoning with plant parts, although uncommon globally, is locally popular in some regions. Few of these poisons have specific antidotes. This emphasizes the importance of determining whether interventions aimed at reducing poison absorption actually produce a clinical benefit, reducing death and complication rates. Future research to improve medical management and find effective ways of reducing the incidence of self‐harm, together with more widespread provision of interventions proven to be effective, could rapidly reduce the number of deaths from self‐poisoning in the developing world.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>QJM</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>QJM</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1460-2725</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1460-2393</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">qjmedj</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">qjmed</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">QJM</identifier><part><date>2000</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>93</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>11</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>715</start><end>731</end></extent></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="R1"><titleInfo><title>The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020</title></titleInfo><note>Murray CJL, Lopez AD. 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