Discrete-trials spaced responding in the pigeon: the dependence of efficient performance on the availability of a stimulus for collateral pecking1
Identifieur interne : 000028 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000027; suivant : 000029Discrete-trials spaced responding in the pigeon: the dependence of efficient performance on the availability of a stimulus for collateral pecking1
Auteurs : Barry Schwartz ; David R. WilliamsSource :
- Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior [ 0022-5002 ] ; 1971.
Abstract
Four pigeons were exposed to a discrete-trial schedule in which only responses spaced by at least 6 sec were reinforced. After 45, fifty-trial sessions, they failed to meet the spacing requirement in over 90% of the trials. When an alternative, non-contingent key (pecks on which had no consequence) was illuminated concurrently with the first key, the spacing performance of the three pigeons that pecked the non-contingent key improved so that they were obtaining 75% of the possible reinforcers. These data demonstrated the importance of collateral behavior in mediating spaced performance. It was suggested that pigeons may successfully refrain from responding on the spacing procedure only when another stimulus correlated with reinforcement is available for pecking, and that the form that collateral behavior takes may, in general, be non-arbitrary, and species dependent.
Url:
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1971.16-155
PubMed: 16811538
PubMed Central: 1333860
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Exp Anal Behav</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-5002</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">16811538</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1333860</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1901/jeab.1971.16-155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Discrete-trials spaced responding in the pigeon: the dependence of efficient performance on the availability of a stimulus for collateral pecking<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">1</xref></article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schwartz</surname><given-names>Barry</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Williams</surname><given-names>David R.</given-names></name></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><fn id="fn1"><label>1</label><p>This work was supported by a Grant, G14055, from the National Science Foundation. The senior author was a National Science Foundation pre-doctoral fellow. We are grateful to Tom Allaway, Joe Bernheim, Elkan Gamzu, Myrna Schwartz, Alan Silberberg, Harriet Williams, and Kit Zonana for stimulating and perceptive discussions of this work. Reprints may be obtained from David R. Williams, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3815 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>09</month><year>1971</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>155</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><abstract><p>Four pigeons were exposed to a discrete-trial schedule in which only responses spaced by at least 6 sec were reinforced. After 45, fifty-trial sessions, they failed to meet the spacing requirement in over 90% of the trials. When an alternative, non-contingent key (pecks on which had no consequence) was illuminated concurrently with the first key, the spacing performance of the three pigeons that pecked the non-contingent key improved so that they were obtaining 75% of the possible reinforcers. These data demonstrated the importance of collateral behavior in mediating spaced performance. It was suggested that pigeons may successfully refrain from responding on the spacing procedure only when another stimulus correlated with reinforcement is available for pecking, and that the form that collateral behavior takes may, in general, be non-arbitrary, and species dependent.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Schwartz, Barry" sort="Schwartz, Barry" uniqKey="Schwartz B" first="Barry" last="Schwartz">Barry Schwartz</name><name sortKey="Williams, David R" sort="Williams, David R" uniqKey="Williams D" first="David R." last="Williams">David R. Williams</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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