Serveur d'exploration Hippolyte Bernheim

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Sources of economic growth

Identifieur interne : 000954 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 000953; suivant : 000955

Sources of economic growth

Auteurs : Robert J. Barro [États-Unis] ; Jong-Wha Lee

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:5FF434FDE5E0EA394A50393191405B7F3D524F13

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: For 116 countries from 1965 to 1985, the lowest quintile had an average growth rate of real per capita GDP of - 1.3%, whereas the highest quintile had an average of 4.8%. We isolate five influences that discriminate reasonably well between the slow-and fast-growers: a conditional convergence effect, whereby a country grows faster if it begins with lower real per-capita GDP relative to its initial level of human capital in the forms of educational attainment and health; a positive effect on growth from a high ratio of investment to GDP (although this effect is weaker than that reported in some previous studies); a negative effect from overly large government; a negative effect from government-induced distortions of markets; and a negative effect from political instability. Overall, the fifted growth rates for 85 countries for 1965–1985 had a correlation of 0.8 with the actual values. We also find that female educational attainment has a pronounced negative effect on fertility, whereas female and male attainment are each positively related to life expectancy and negatively related to infant mortality. Male attainment plays a positive role in primary-school enrollment ratios, and male and female attainment relate positively to enrollment at the secondary level.

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0167-2231(94)90002-7

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ISTEX:5FF434FDE5E0EA394A50393191405B7F3D524F13

Le document en format XML

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<term>Average growth rate</term>
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<term>Equal coefficients</term>
<term>Equal coeffs</term>
<term>Expectancy</term>
<term>Explanatory</term>
<term>Explanatory variables</term>
<term>External wars</term>
<term>Female attainment</term>
<term>Female schooling</term>
<term>Female years</term>
<term>Fertility</term>
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<term>First column</term>
<term>First decade</term>
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<term>First period</term>
<term>Foreign exchange</term>
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<term>Population growth</term>
<term>Population growth rate</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: For 116 countries from 1965 to 1985, the lowest quintile had an average growth rate of real per capita GDP of - 1.3%, whereas the highest quintile had an average of 4.8%. We isolate five influences that discriminate reasonably well between the slow-and fast-growers: a conditional convergence effect, whereby a country grows faster if it begins with lower real per-capita GDP relative to its initial level of human capital in the forms of educational attainment and health; a positive effect on growth from a high ratio of investment to GDP (although this effect is weaker than that reported in some previous studies); a negative effect from overly large government; a negative effect from government-induced distortions of markets; and a negative effect from political instability. Overall, the fifted growth rates for 85 countries for 1965–1985 had a correlation of 0.8 with the actual values. We also find that female educational attainment has a pronounced negative effect on fertility, whereas female and male attainment are each positively related to life expectancy and negatively related to infant mortality. Male attainment plays a positive role in primary-school enrollment ratios, and male and female attainment relate positively to enrollment at the secondary level.</div>
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