Hypnotic pseudomemories, prehypnotic warnings, and the malleability of suggested memories
Identifieur interne : 000825 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000824; suivant : 000826Hypnotic pseudomemories, prehypnotic warnings, and the malleability of suggested memories
Auteurs : Joseph P. Green [États-Unis] ; Steven Jay Lynn ; Peter Malinoski [États-Unis]Source :
- Applied Cognitive Psychology [ 0888-4080 ] ; 1998-10.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Abnormal psychology, American society, Amnesia, Appl, Archaic involvement, Clinical hypnosis, Cognit, Current models, Deep concentration, Demand characteristics, Experimental hypnosis, False memories, Forensic hypnosis, Guideline, Guilford press, Hypnosis, Hypnotic, Hypnotic pseudomemories, Hypnotist, Initial inquiry, Initial pseudomemory reports, International journal, John wiley sons, Limited warnings, Loud noises, Mcconkey, Mclean, Ndings, Noise hallucination, Noise suggestion, Observer conditions, Observer instructions, Observer phenomenon, Ohio state university, Participant, Prehypnotic, Prehypnotic expectancies, Prehypnotic warnings, Present study, Pseudomemories, Pseudomemory, Pseudomemory rate, Pseudomemory reports, Pseudomemory risk, Psychol, Rehypnotized, Rhue, Spanos, Unwarned, Unwarned participant, Unwarned participants, Warning condition, Weekes.
Abstract
This study used Orne's nocturnal events paradigm to test the effects of warning highly hypnotizable participants about the possibility of hypnotic false memories. We found that warnings reduced suggestibility but not false memories during hypnosis. Fewer warned participants (12/32, 38 per cent) than unwarned participants (12/16, 75 per cent) accepted the suggestion to hear a noise that awakened them when they were age‐regressed to a night of the previous week. However, an analysis of only those persons who accepted the suggestion during hypnosis showed that the warning had no effect on their posthypnotic pseudomemories: among this group, 75 per cent of warned versus 58 per cent of unwarned persons stated immediately after hypnosis that the noise occurred in reality (i.e., reported a pseudomemory). During a final confidential assessment, 58 per cent of the warned participants who had accepted the noise suggestion reported a pseudomemory, versus 50 per cent of the unwarned participants. Comparing pseudomemory rates across all participants, regardless of whether they passed or failed the noise suggestion, 28 per cent of warned participants versus 44 per cent of unwarned participants reported pseudomemories, a nonsignificant difference. Finally, warned and unwarned participants were equally confident in their false memories. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199810)12:5<431::AID-ACP516>3.0.CO;2-R
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study used Orne's nocturnal events paradigm to test the effects of warning highly hypnotizable participants about the possibility of hypnotic false memories. We found that warnings reduced suggestibility but not false memories during hypnosis. Fewer warned participants (12/32, 38 per cent) than unwarned participants (12/16, 75 per cent) accepted the suggestion to hear a noise that awakened them when they were age‐regressed to a night of the previous week. However, an analysis of only those persons who accepted the suggestion during hypnosis showed that the warning had no effect on their posthypnotic pseudomemories: among this group, 75 per cent of warned versus 58 per cent of unwarned persons stated immediately after hypnosis that the noise occurred in reality (i.e., reported a pseudomemory). During a final confidential assessment, 58 per cent of the warned participants who had accepted the noise suggestion reported a pseudomemory, versus 50 per cent of the unwarned participants. Comparing pseudomemory rates across all participants, regardless of whether they passed or failed the noise suggestion, 28 per cent of warned participants versus 44 per cent of unwarned participants reported pseudomemories, a nonsignificant difference. Finally, warned and unwarned participants were equally confident in their false memories. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</div>
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