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DENSITY‐DEPENDENT GROWTH, ECOLOGICAL STRATEGIES, AND EFFECTS OF NUTRIENTS AND SHADING ON BENTHIC DIATOM SUCCESSION IN STREAMS

Identifieur interne : 000796 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000795; suivant : 000797

DENSITY‐DEPENDENT GROWTH, ECOLOGICAL STRATEGIES, AND EFFECTS OF NUTRIENTS AND SHADING ON BENTHIC DIATOM SUCCESSION IN STREAMS

Auteurs : R. Jan Stevenson ; Christopher G. Peterson ; David B. Kirschtel ; Christopher C. King ; Nancy C. Tuchman

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:F5920BA3E0487547F1160183871C6FDFDDC6CABE

Abstract

The importance of immigration, growth, and competition for nutrients and light in benthic diatom succession was studied in experimental channels in a low‐nutrient stream. Diatom accumulation was greater in channels enriched with nitrate and phosphate (NP) than in control channels, reaching about 5 × 106 and 2 × 106 cells‐cm−2, respectively, after 30 d. Shading during late stages of community development reduced algal standing crop. Synedra ulna (Nitz.) Ehr. and Achnanthes minutissima Kütz. were codominant during early stages of community development in both habitats, but succession to an A. minutissima‐dominated community was much faster in NP‐enriched than in control conditions. Species dominating early stages tended to immigrate quickly, whereas species that increased in relative abundance during community development had either fast growth rates or fast immigration and average growth rates. Decreases in growth rates indicated resource supply became limiting during community development in control and enriched channels. Density‐dependent competition was indicated because nutrient concentrations in the water column and light did not decrease during the 30‐d study. Species autecologies were defined by effects of nutrient enrichment, shading, and community development on species growth rates. Differing autecologies of early and late succession species indicated that competition for nutrients was more important than competition for light. Species autecologies also indicated ecological strategies. The species most stimulated by nutrient enrichment were least able to maintain growth rates as algal abundances on substrata increased. In addition, these species that best sustained their growth rates during succession tended to have the highest immigration rates, indicating that drift and immigration may have been an important mechanism of persistence for some populations when resources become limiting within thick benthic mats.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1991.00059.x

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:F5920BA3E0487547F1160183871C6FDFDDC6CABE

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<title type="main">DENSITY‐DEPENDENT GROWTH, ECOLOGICAL STRATEGIES, AND EFFECTS OF NUTRIENTS AND SHADING ON BENTHIC DIATOM SUCCESSION IN STREAMS
<link href="#fn1">
<sup>1</sup>
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<keyword xml:id="k1">community development</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k2">competition</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k3">diatoms</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k4">evolutionary strategies</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k5">growth rates</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k6">light</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k7">nutrients</keyword>
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<keyword xml:id="k9">succession</keyword>
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<p>The importance of immigration, growth, and competition for nutrients and light in benthic diatom succession was studied in experimental channels in a low‐nutrient stream. Diatom accumulation was greater in channels enriched with nitrate and phosphate (NP) than in control channels, reaching about 5
<i>×</i>
10
<sup>6</sup>
and 2
<i>×</i>
10
<sup>6</sup>
cells‐cm
<sup>−2</sup>
, respectively, after 30 d. Shading during late stages of community development reduced algal standing crop.</p>
<p>
<i>Synedra ulna</i>
(Nitz.) Ehr. and
<i>Achnanthes minutissima</i>
Kütz. were codominant during early stages of community development in both habitats, but succession to an
<i>A. minutissima‐</i>
dominated community was much faster in NP‐enriched than in control conditions. Species dominating early stages tended to immigrate quickly, whereas species that increased in relative abundance during community development had either fast growth rates or fast immigration and average growth rates.</p>
<p>Decreases in growth rates indicated resource supply became limiting during community development in control and enriched channels. Density‐dependent competition was indicated because nutrient concentrations in the water column and light did not decrease during the 30‐d study. Species autecologies were defined by effects of nutrient enrichment, shading, and community development on species growth rates. Differing autecologies of early and late succession species indicated that competition for nutrients was more important than competition for light.</p>
<p>Species autecologies also indicated ecological strategies. The species most stimulated by nutrient enrichment were least able to maintain growth rates as algal abundances on substrata increased. In addition, these species that best sustained their growth rates during succession tended to have the highest immigration rates, indicating that drift and immigration may have been an important mechanism of persistence for some populations when resources become limiting within thick benthic mats.</p>
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<p>Received 27 December 1989. Accepted 21 September 1990.</p>
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<p>Department of Zoology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287.</p>
</note>
<note xml:id="fn4">
<p>University of West Virginia, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506.</p>
</note>
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<p>Water Division, Crowder College, Neosho, Missouri 64850.</p>
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<p>Department of Biology, Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60626.</p>
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<note xml:id="n-fnt-6">
<p>This research was supported by the Graduate School and College of Arts and Sciences, University of Louisville. Art Tafel assisted in the field and laboratory. Patti Grace and three anonymous referees provided helpful reviews of the paper. Isaac W. Bernheim Foundation granted permission for conducting research in Bernheim Forest.</p>
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<abstract lang="en">The importance of immigration, growth, and competition for nutrients and light in benthic diatom succession was studied in experimental channels in a low‐nutrient stream. Diatom accumulation was greater in channels enriched with nitrate and phosphate (NP) than in control channels, reaching about 5 × 106 and 2 × 106 cells‐cm−2, respectively, after 30 d. Shading during late stages of community development reduced algal standing crop. Synedra ulna (Nitz.) Ehr. and Achnanthes minutissima Kütz. were codominant during early stages of community development in both habitats, but succession to an A. minutissima‐dominated community was much faster in NP‐enriched than in control conditions. Species dominating early stages tended to immigrate quickly, whereas species that increased in relative abundance during community development had either fast growth rates or fast immigration and average growth rates. Decreases in growth rates indicated resource supply became limiting during community development in control and enriched channels. Density‐dependent competition was indicated because nutrient concentrations in the water column and light did not decrease during the 30‐d study. Species autecologies were defined by effects of nutrient enrichment, shading, and community development on species growth rates. Differing autecologies of early and late succession species indicated that competition for nutrients was more important than competition for light. Species autecologies also indicated ecological strategies. The species most stimulated by nutrient enrichment were least able to maintain growth rates as algal abundances on substrata increased. In addition, these species that best sustained their growth rates during succession tended to have the highest immigration rates, indicating that drift and immigration may have been an important mechanism of persistence for some populations when resources become limiting within thick benthic mats.</abstract>
<note type="content">*Received 27 December 1989. Accepted 21 September 1990.</note>
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<topic>nutrients</topic>
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