Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology
Identifieur interne : 000125 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000124; suivant : 000126Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology
Auteurs : Victor W. HendersonSource :
- Brain and Language [ 0093-934X ] ; 1992.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Anatomischer basis, Aphasia, Aphasic, Aphasic patients, Aphasic syndromes, Asymbolic aphasia, Auditory, Auditory images, Bernfeld, Broca, Centre, Cerebral cortex, Cerebral hemisphere, Cerveau, Charcot, Commissural, Conduction, Conduction aphasia, Cortical, Cortical centers, Cortical localization, Exner, Fissure, Freud, Frontal lobe, Functional differentiation, Goldstein, Henderson, Langage, Langage articule, Language centers, Language zone, Lesion, Lichtheim, Localization, Meynert, Monograph, Motor images, Object associations, Original work, Other hand, Paraphasia, Paraphasic, Paraphasic errors, Pathway, Psychological study, Psychologische studie, Sigmund, Sigmund freud, Sound images, Speech apparatus, Speech area, Speech centers, Speech repetition, Spontaneous speech, Standard edition, Sylvian, Sylvian fissure, Trans, Transcortical, Transcortical aphasias, Transcortical motor aphasia, Visual associations, Wernicke, Word concept.
Abstract
Abstract: Published 100 years ago, Freud's monograph on aphasia, Zur Auffassung der Aphasien, is an incisive analysis of the so-called diagram-makers, those aphasiologists who would reduce brain and language to simple schemes of circumscribed cortical centers linked by unidirectional subcortical pathways. Chief architects of the diagram-maker school were Wernicke and Lichtheim, and their formulations of conduction aphasia and the transcortical aphasias were particular targets of Freud's trenchant criticism. Freud argued against functional differentiation within left hemisphere perisylvian language regions, and he suggested that traditional aphasic syndromes were artifacts of lesions that included cortical language regions and deeper white matter pathways not directly involved with language. He provided an innovative classification of aphasia based on types of associations presumed to be affected. Freud, however, failed to adduce new clinical or pathological observations; he was perhaps unnecessarily harsh in challenging authorities in the field of aphasia; and his theory had to compete with a straightforward and already entrenched anatomical view of language representation. Despite Freud's lucid argumentation, his carefully crafted monograph was never widely noted.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90019-B
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBELe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</title><author><name sortKey="Henderson, Victor W" sort="Henderson, Victor W" uniqKey="Henderson V" first="Victor W." last="Henderson">Victor W. Henderson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience & Aging), the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBE</idno><date when="1992" year="1992">1992</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/0093-934X(92)90019-B</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBE/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000125</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000125</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</title><author><name sortKey="Henderson, Victor W" sort="Henderson, Victor W" uniqKey="Henderson V" first="Victor W." last="Henderson">Victor W. Henderson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience & Aging), the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Brain and Language</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YBRLN</title><idno type="ISSN">0093-934X</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1992">1992</date><biblScope unit="volume">43</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="19">19</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="41">41</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0093-934X</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0093-934X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Anatomischer basis</term><term>Aphasia</term><term>Aphasic</term><term>Aphasic patients</term><term>Aphasic syndromes</term><term>Asymbolic aphasia</term><term>Auditory</term><term>Auditory images</term><term>Bernfeld</term><term>Broca</term><term>Centre</term><term>Cerebral cortex</term><term>Cerebral hemisphere</term><term>Cerveau</term><term>Charcot</term><term>Commissural</term><term>Conduction</term><term>Conduction aphasia</term><term>Cortical</term><term>Cortical centers</term><term>Cortical localization</term><term>Exner</term><term>Fissure</term><term>Freud</term><term>Frontal lobe</term><term>Functional differentiation</term><term>Goldstein</term><term>Henderson</term><term>Langage</term><term>Langage articule</term><term>Language centers</term><term>Language zone</term><term>Lesion</term><term>Lichtheim</term><term>Localization</term><term>Meynert</term><term>Monograph</term><term>Motor images</term><term>Object associations</term><term>Original work</term><term>Other hand</term><term>Paraphasia</term><term>Paraphasic</term><term>Paraphasic errors</term><term>Pathway</term><term>Psychological study</term><term>Psychologische studie</term><term>Sigmund</term><term>Sigmund freud</term><term>Sound images</term><term>Speech apparatus</term><term>Speech area</term><term>Speech centers</term><term>Speech repetition</term><term>Spontaneous speech</term><term>Standard edition</term><term>Sylvian</term><term>Sylvian fissure</term><term>Trans</term><term>Transcortical</term><term>Transcortical aphasias</term><term>Transcortical motor aphasia</term><term>Visual associations</term><term>Wernicke</term><term>Word concept</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Published 100 years ago, Freud's monograph on aphasia, Zur Auffassung der Aphasien, is an incisive analysis of the so-called diagram-makers, those aphasiologists who would reduce brain and language to simple schemes of circumscribed cortical centers linked by unidirectional subcortical pathways. Chief architects of the diagram-maker school were Wernicke and Lichtheim, and their formulations of conduction aphasia and the transcortical aphasias were particular targets of Freud's trenchant criticism. Freud argued against functional differentiation within left hemisphere perisylvian language regions, and he suggested that traditional aphasic syndromes were artifacts of lesions that included cortical language regions and deeper white matter pathways not directly involved with language. He provided an innovative classification of aphasia based on types of associations presumed to be affected. Freud, however, failed to adduce new clinical or pathological observations; he was perhaps unnecessarily harsh in challenging authorities in the field of aphasia; and his theory had to compete with a straightforward and already entrenched anatomical view of language representation. 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Henderson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience & Aging), the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6H6-CXZ8PMJ0-G</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: Published 100 years ago, Freud's monograph on aphasia, Zur Auffassung der Aphasien, is an incisive analysis of the so-called diagram-makers, those aphasiologists who would reduce brain and language to simple schemes of circumscribed cortical centers linked by unidirectional subcortical pathways. Chief architects of the diagram-maker school were Wernicke and Lichtheim, and their formulations of conduction aphasia and the transcortical aphasias were particular targets of Freud's trenchant criticism. Freud argued against functional differentiation within left hemisphere perisylvian language regions, and he suggested that traditional aphasic syndromes were artifacts of lesions that included cortical language regions and deeper white matter pathways not directly involved with language. He provided an innovative classification of aphasia based on types of associations presumed to be affected. Freud, however, failed to adduce new clinical or pathological observations; he was perhaps unnecessarily harsh in challenging authorities in the field of aphasia; and his theory had to compete with a straightforward and already entrenched anatomical view of language representation. Despite Freud's lucid argumentation, his carefully crafted monograph was never widely noted.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.076</score><pdfWordCount>8740</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>57162</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>23</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>432 x 648 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>173</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1285</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>0</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</title><pmid><json:string>1643510</json:string></pmid><pii><json:string>0093-934X(92)90019-B</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><title>(Cited in Sulloway, 1979)</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><volume>Vol. 1</volume></serie><host><title>Brain and Language</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>1992</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0093-934X</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0093-934X(00)X0191-5</json:string></pii><volume>43</volume><issue>1</issue><pages><first>19</first><last>41</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>1992</json:string><json:string>1887</json:string><json:string>1924</json:string><json:string>1883</json:string><json:string>the Nineteenth century</json:string><json:string>Between October 1885 and February 1886</json:string><json:string>1891</json:string><json:string>1878</json:string><json:string>nineteenth century</json:string><json:string>1885</json:string><json:string>1874</json:string><json:string>1881</json:string><json:string>1868</json:string><json:string>1886</json:string><json:string>1870s</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>influential Imperial Academy of Medicine</json:string><json:string>Institute of Physiology</json:string><json:string>Division of Psychiatry</json:string><json:string>University of Southern California, Los Angeles</json:string><json:string>Institute of Pathological Anatomy Freud</json:string><json:string>Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology</json:string><json:string>University of Bern</json:string><json:string>Academic Press, Inc.</json:string><json:string>Laboratory for Cerebral Anatomy</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Charlton Bastian</json:string><json:string>Henry Head</json:string><json:string>Freud</json:string><json:string>Franz Gall</json:string><json:string>HENDERSON Departments</json:string><json:string>Hermann Nothnagel</json:string><json:string>Physician</json:string><json:string>Theodor Meynert</json:string><json:string>Carl Wernicke</json:string><json:string>Ernest Auburtin</json:string><json:string>L. J. Harris</json:string><json:string>Salomon Stricker</json:string><json:string>Sigmund Freud</json:string><json:string>Ernst von Brticke</json:string><json:string>G. H. Eggert</json:string><json:string>Brain Functions</json:string><json:string>Jean-Martin Charcot</json:string><json:string>Adolf Baginsky</json:string><json:string>Archibald Church</json:string><json:string>Medicine</json:string><json:string>Leborgne</json:string><json:string>Josef</json:string><json:string>Ludwig Lichtheim</json:string><json:string>Kurt Goldstein</json:string><json:string>Pierre Flourens</json:string><json:string>Sigmund Exner</json:string><json:string>Paul Broca</json:string><json:string>Jackson</json:string><json:string>HENDERSON Freud</json:string><json:string>E. Stengel</json:string><json:string>Victor W. Henderson</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Berlin</json:string><json:string>Paris</json:string><json:string>Europe</json:string><json:string>Vienna</json:string><json:string>CA</json:string><json:string>York</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Freud, 1891</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 13</json:string><json:string>Henderson, 1990</json:string><json:string>Lichtheim, 1885, p. 434</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 100</json:string><json:string>Lordat, 1843</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1865</json:string><json:string>Jones, 1953</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 63</json:string><json:string>Marie, 1888, p. 83</json:string><json:string>Cooter, 1976</json:string><json:string>Sachs, 1934, p. 218</json:string><json:string>Weisenburg and McBride (1935)</json:string><json:string>Marie, 1888</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 57</json:string><json:string>1863, 1865</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1861c, 1863, 1865</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 93</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 62</json:string><json:string>see Henderson, 1986</json:string><json:string>Gall, 1825</json:string><json:string>Sachs, 1934, p. 217</json:string><json:string>Jones, 1953, p. 215</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1869</json:string><json:string>Wernicke (1874)</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1962a</json:string><json:string>Meynert, 1884</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 143</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 109</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 11</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1861c, p. 332</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1959</json:string><json:string>Sulloway, 1979</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 92</json:string><json:string>Bastian, 1869</json:string><json:string>Exner, 1881</json:string><json:string>Amacher, 1965</json:string><json:string>Cranefield, 1957, p. 409</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1906</json:string><json:string>Jones, 1953, p. 220</json:string><json:string>Baginsky, 1871</json:string><json:string>see Head, 1915</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1959, p. 18</json:string><json:string>Bernfeld, 1951</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 142</json:string><json:string>Soury, 1899</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1861c, 1863,1865</json:string><json:string>1891, 1962b</json:string><json:string>Meynert, 1884, p. 150</json:string><json:string>1910, 1948</json:string><json:string>see Henderson, 1990</json:string><json:string>Bernfeld, 1949, 1951</json:string><json:string>Geschwind, 1963</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 99</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 15</json:string><json:string>Neue Vorlesungen iiber die Krankheiten des Nervensystems insbesondere iiber Hysterie-Charcot, 1886</json:string><json:string>Charcot, 1886</json:string><json:string>Henderson, 1986</json:string><json:string>Cranefield, 1957</json:string><json:string>Jelliffe, 1937</json:string><json:string>Dax, 1865</json:string><json:string>Jackson, 1915, p. 81</json:string><json:string>see Henderson, 1989</json:string><json:string>Goldstein, 1948</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1874, p. 107</json:string><json:string>Critchley, 1965</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 1</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 105</json:string><json:string>Freud (1891)</json:string><json:string>Bernfeld, 1944, 1949</json:string><json:string>Wernicke, 1910</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1861b,c, 1863</json:string><json:string>Exner & Paneth, 1887</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 14</json:string><json:string>Bernfeld, 1949</json:string><json:string>Head, 1915, p. 2</json:string><json:string>Broca, 1861b</json:string><json:string>reviewed in Ferrier, 1876</json:string><json:string>University of Southern California School of Medicine, 2025</json:string><json:string>Head, 1926, p. 65</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1959, p. 16</json:string><json:string>Jones, 1953, p. 197</json:string><json:string>Galaty, 1974</json:string><json:string>Freud, 1891, p. 104</json:string><json:string>1920, 1926</json:string><json:string>Foville, 1844</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/6H6-CXZ8PMJ0-G</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - 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Myers, FL., January 3, 1991. Dr. L. J. Harris provided thoughtful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Victor W.</forename><surname>Henderson</surname></persName><affiliation>Address correspondence and reprint requests to Victor W. Henderson, M.D., Department of Neurology (MCH-142), University of Southern California School of Medicine, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience & Aging), the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBE</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0093-934X(92)90019-B</idno><idno type="PII">0093-934X(92)90019-B</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Brain and Language</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YBRLN</title><idno type="pISSN">0093-934X</idno><idno type="PII">S0093-934X(00)X0191-5</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1992"></date><biblScope unit="volume">43</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="19">19</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="41">41</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1992</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Published 100 years ago, Freud's monograph on aphasia, Zur Auffassung der Aphasien, is an incisive analysis of the so-called diagram-makers, those aphasiologists who would reduce brain and language to simple schemes of circumscribed cortical centers linked by unidirectional subcortical pathways. Chief architects of the diagram-maker school were Wernicke and Lichtheim, and their formulations of conduction aphasia and the transcortical aphasias were particular targets of Freud's trenchant criticism. Freud argued against functional differentiation within left hemisphere perisylvian language regions, and he suggested that traditional aphasic syndromes were artifacts of lesions that included cortical language regions and deeper white matter pathways not directly involved with language. He provided an innovative classification of aphasia based on types of associations presumed to be affected. Freud, however, failed to adduce new clinical or pathological observations; he was perhaps unnecessarily harsh in challenging authorities in the field of aphasia; and his theory had to compete with a straightforward and already entrenched anatomical view of language representation. Despite Freud's lucid argumentation, his carefully crafted monograph was never widely noted.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1992">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBE/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>YBRLN</jid><aid>9290019B</aid><ce:pii>0093-934X(92)90019-B</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0093-934X(92)90019-B</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1992"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:article-footnote><ce:label>☆</ce:label><ce:note-para>Presented in part at the Second Historical Conference on Brain Functions, Ft. Myers, FL., January 3, 1991. Dr. L. J. Harris provided thoughtful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.</ce:note-para></ce:article-footnote><ce:title>Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Victor W.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Henderson</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>∗∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>∗∗∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Neurology (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience & Aging), the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>∗∗</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Psychology, the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>∗∗∗</ce:label><ce:textfn>the Program in Neural, Informational, and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:text>Address correspondence and reprint requests to Victor W. Henderson, M.D., Department of Neurology (MCH-142), University of Southern California School of Medicine, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Published 100 years ago, Freud's monograph on aphasia, <ce:italic>Zur Auffassung der Aphasien</ce:italic>, is an incisive analysis of the so-called diagram-makers, those aphasiologists who would reduce brain and language to simple schemes of circumscribed cortical centers linked by unidirectional subcortical pathways. Chief architects of the diagram-maker school were Wernicke and Lichtheim, and their formulations of conduction aphasia and the transcortical aphasias were particular targets of Freud's trenchant criticism. Freud argued against functional differentiation within left hemisphere perisylvian language regions, and he suggested that traditional aphasic syndromes were artifacts of lesions that included cortical language regions and deeper white matter pathways not directly involved with language. He provided an innovative classification of aphasia based on types of associations presumed to be affected. Freud, however, failed to adduce new clinical or pathological observations; he was perhaps unnecessarily harsh in challenging authorities in the field of aphasia; and his theory had to compete with a straightforward and already entrenched anatomical view of language representation. Despite Freud's lucid argumentation, his carefully crafted monograph was never widely noted.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Sigmund Freud and the diagram-maker school of aphasiology</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Victor W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Henderson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience & Aging), the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA</affiliation><description>Address correspondence and reprint requests to Victor W. Henderson, M.D., Department of Neurology (MCH-142), University of Southern California School of Medicine, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1992</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1992</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: Published 100 years ago, Freud's monograph on aphasia, Zur Auffassung der Aphasien, is an incisive analysis of the so-called diagram-makers, those aphasiologists who would reduce brain and language to simple schemes of circumscribed cortical centers linked by unidirectional subcortical pathways. Chief architects of the diagram-maker school were Wernicke and Lichtheim, and their formulations of conduction aphasia and the transcortical aphasias were particular targets of Freud's trenchant criticism. Freud argued against functional differentiation within left hemisphere perisylvian language regions, and he suggested that traditional aphasic syndromes were artifacts of lesions that included cortical language regions and deeper white matter pathways not directly involved with language. He provided an innovative classification of aphasia based on types of associations presumed to be affected. Freud, however, failed to adduce new clinical or pathological observations; he was perhaps unnecessarily harsh in challenging authorities in the field of aphasia; and his theory had to compete with a straightforward and already entrenched anatomical view of language representation. Despite Freud's lucid argumentation, his carefully crafted monograph was never widely noted.</abstract><note>Presented in part at the Second Historical Conference on Brain Functions, Ft. Myers, FL., January 3, 1991. Dr. L. J. Harris provided thoughtful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.</note><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Brain and Language</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YBRLN</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199207</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0093-934X</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0093-934X(00)X0191-5</identifier><part><date>199207</date><detail type="volume"><number>43</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>1</start><end>167</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>19</start><end>41</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBE</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-CXZ8PMJ0-G</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0093-934X(92)90019-B</identifier><identifier type="PII">0093-934X(92)90019-B</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7DE0004067B2C931A9CF544FEA689BF5F5EC5FBE/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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