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Parody in art from the sixties to our times

Identifieur interne : 000064 ( Hal/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000063; suivant : 000065

Parody in art from the sixties to our times

Auteurs : Juliette Bertron [France]

Source :

RBID : Hal:tel-01291149

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English descriptors

Abstract

The word parody has been coined during classical antiquity and has since been considered mostly as a literary genre or figure. Nevertheless, numerous plastic artists are making use of its forms, processes and connotations. During the 1960s decade, the advent of consumerism and its effects on the work of art duplicability gave a new rise to parody. Reproducibility allowed the transformation of history of arts into a vast repertoire in which one may draw to create from and thus, offered a fertile ground for parodic creation. This study focuses on understanding why and how such a wide range of artists are taking advantage of parody for personal or contextual ends from the 1960s to nowadays. The first part of this study is articulated around the precise definition of the term and a chronological view of the parodic art since the middle of the 19th century, from the Salons caricaturaux to postmodernism including historical avant- gardes. The notions of playfulness, comic and satiric will be discussed in the second part, in order to grasp the multiple shades of parody. The third and last part is devoted to the specular aspect of parody that leads to a questioning of the artistic institutions and aims to unveil the artistic practices themselves. Across these pages, parody appears as an ambivalent process, oscillating between mauvais genre and sophistication, childishness and elitism, barrenness and creative rebirth, destitution and admiration, outrage and tribute.

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Le document en format XML

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<abstract xml:lang="en">The word parody has been coined during classical antiquity and has since been considered mostly as a literary genre or figure. Nevertheless, numerous plastic artists are making use of its forms, processes and connotations. During the 1960s decade, the advent of consumerism and its effects on the work of art duplicability gave a new rise to parody. Reproducibility allowed the transformation of history of arts into a vast repertoire in which one may draw to create from and thus, offered a fertile ground for parodic creation. This study focuses on understanding why and how such a wide range of artists are taking advantage of parody for personal or contextual ends from the 1960s to nowadays. The first part of this study is articulated around the precise definition of the term and a chronological view of the parodic art since the middle of the 19th century, from the Salons caricaturaux to postmodernism including historical avant- gardes. The notions of playfulness, comic and satiric will be discussed in the second part, in order to grasp the multiple shades of parody. The third and last part is devoted to the specular aspect of parody that leads to a questioning of the artistic institutions and aims to unveil the artistic practices themselves. Across these pages, parody appears as an ambivalent process, oscillating between mauvais genre and sophistication, childishness and elitism, barrenness and creative rebirth, destitution and admiration, outrage and tribute.</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="fr">Si la parodie est loin d'être une pratique nouvelle, la première occurrence connue du terme remontant à l'Antiquité, elle a été jusqu'alors principalement envisagée comme un genre ou comme une figure littéraires. Et pourtant ses formes, ses connotations et ses procédés sont exploités par de nombreux artistes plasticiens. Dans les années 1960, l'avènement de la société de consommation et ses effets sur la reproductibilité de l'œuvre d'art donnent à la parodie un essor nouveau. Transformant l'histoire de l'art en un répertoire accessible dans lequel puiser à loisir pour créer à partir de, la reproductibilité offre des conditions idéales au jeu parodique. Comprendre comment et pourquoi des artistes d'horizons fort divers, des années 1960 à nos jours, se saisissent de la parodie, à des fins aussi bien personnelles que contextuelles, est l'objet de cette étude. État des lieux de la notion, la première partie s'attache à définir le terme et se penche sur les parodies réalisées depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle, des Salons caricaturaux au postmodernisme en passant par les avant-gardes historiques. La deuxième partie se construit autour du ludique, du comique et du satirique, compris comme autant de couleurs et de régimes. Enfin, la troisième partie est consacrée à la part réflexive de la parodie. Art sur l'art, cette dernière participe à une mise en cause institutionnelle et aspire à la dénudation du faire artistique lui-même. Tout au long de cette étude, la parodie apparaît comme une pratique essentiellement ambivalente, entre mauvais genre et pratique cultivée, gaminerie et jeu élitiste, dégénérescence de l'art et sursaut de créativité, destitution et aveu d'admiration, outrage et hommage.</abstract>
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