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Contemporary dance, gender and feminism in France (1968-2015)

Identifieur interne : 000041 ( Hal/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000040; suivant : 000042

Contemporary dance, gender and feminism in France (1968-2015)

Auteurs : Pauline Boivineau [France]

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RBID : Hal:tel-01704563

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English descriptors

Abstract

This thesis analyses a complex question linkingcontemporary dance, gender and feminism in Francefrom 1968 to 2015. Dance shares the concerns offeminist activists regarding issues of identity, sexuality, emancipation, the deconstruction of gender andbinarisms, of universalist research and femaleness. Thisstudy examines how feminism informed artists who,whatever the era, had difficulty admitting that they werefeminists or seeing their art as an expression of theircommitment. Considering the subversive potential ofdance implies an analysis of its relationship with gender,in particular the female gender, as well as the real andsymbolic place of women. Preconceived ideas andstereotypes thus confront reality. The year 1968 markeda turning point for society and for dance, including froma political point of view. Dance came into its own at thesame time that second-wave feminism came to the fore.The reconfiguration of the relationships between danceand feminism that occurred over this 50-year periodallows one to assess reciprocal influences and topostulate the existence of a feminist dance. Comparingfemale choreographers' modes of expression with thoseof men, facilitates the understanding of genderedconstructions and their potential for challengingheteronormativity and androcentrism. How do the majorpolitical changes (establishment of the NCCs,management changes, parity, etc.), feminists(appearance of a third wave, etc.), aesthetics andmediatisation nurture dance as a means of expressionof gender and feminism? The generalisation of nudityand the queerisation of dance suggest the passage fromthe transgression of gender to its subversion. Thisthesis aims to understand how third-wave feminism,more open to cultural and intersectional dimensions,enabled dance to be feminist.

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<abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis analyses a complex question linkingcontemporary dance, gender and feminism in Francefrom 1968 to 2015. Dance shares the concerns offeminist activists regarding issues of identity, sexuality, emancipation, the deconstruction of gender andbinarisms, of universalist research and femaleness. Thisstudy examines how feminism informed artists who,whatever the era, had difficulty admitting that they werefeminists or seeing their art as an expression of theircommitment. Considering the subversive potential ofdance implies an analysis of its relationship with gender,in particular the female gender, as well as the real andsymbolic place of women. Preconceived ideas andstereotypes thus confront reality. The year 1968 markeda turning point for society and for dance, including froma political point of view. Dance came into its own at thesame time that second-wave feminism came to the fore.The reconfiguration of the relationships between danceand feminism that occurred over this 50-year periodallows one to assess reciprocal influences and topostulate the existence of a feminist dance. Comparingfemale choreographers' modes of expression with thoseof men, facilitates the understanding of genderedconstructions and their potential for challengingheteronormativity and androcentrism. How do the majorpolitical changes (establishment of the NCCs,management changes, parity, etc.), feminists(appearance of a third wave, etc.), aesthetics andmediatisation nurture dance as a means of expressionof gender and feminism? The generalisation of nudityand the queerisation of dance suggest the passage fromthe transgression of gender to its subversion. Thisthesis aims to understand how third-wave feminism,more open to cultural and intersectional dimensions,enabled dance to be feminist.</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse porte sur un objet complexe liant danse contemporaine, genre et féminisme dans l’espace français de 1968 à 2015. La danse partage les préoccupations des militantes féministes à l’égard des problématiques d’identité, de sexualité, d’émancipation,de déconstruction du genre et des binarismes, de recherche universaliste ou de féminitude. Nous analysons comment le féminisme informe les artistes qui, quelle que soit l’époque, peinent à se dire féministes ou à penser leur art comme l’expression de leur engagement. Considérer le potentiel subversif de la danse implique une analyse de son rapport au genre et en particulier au genre féminin, doublée par celle de la place réelle et symbolique des femmes. Les idées reçues et les stéréotypes se confrontent à la réalité.L’année 1968 marque un tournant social qui concorde avec celui de la danse, y compris d’un point de vue politique. L’art chorégraphique prend son essor au moment où la seconde vague féministe arrive sur le devant de la scène. En 50 ans les rapports qu’entretiennent la danse et le féminisme sont reconfigurés, ce qui permet d’évaluer les influences réciproques et de postuler l’existence d’une danse féministe. La confrontation aux langages des chorégraphes hommes permet de comprendre les constructions genrées et leur potentiel de remise en cause du système hétéronormé et androcentré.Comment les grandes mutations politiques (mise en place des CCN, turn-over des directions, parité, etc.),féministes (apparition d’une troisième vague, etc.),esthétiques et médiatiques nourrissent-elles la danse en tant que moyen d’expression du genre et du féminisme ? La généralisation de la nudité et la queerisation de la danse soulèvent l’enjeu du passage de la transgression du genre à sa subversion. Il s’agit de comprendre comment la troisième vague féministe, plus ouverte à la dimension culturelle et intersectionnelle, permet à la danse d’être féministe.</abstract>
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