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The aging of Wolff's “law”: Ontogeny and responses to mechanical loading in cortical bone

Identifieur interne : 001B95 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001B94; suivant : 001B96

The aging of Wolff's “law”: Ontogeny and responses to mechanical loading in cortical bone

Auteurs : Osbjorn M. Pearson ; Daniel E. Lieberman

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:DF63C33B15D43B78C0E2B91B066F2115BAE37613

English descriptors

Abstract

The premise that bones grow and remodel throughout life to adapt to their mechanical enironment is often called Wolff's law. Wolff's law, however, is not always true, and in fact comprises a variety of different processes that are best considered separately. Here we review the molecular and physiological mechanisms by which bone senses, transduces, and responds to mechanical loads, and the effects of aging processes on the relationship (if any) between cortical bone form and mechanical function. Experimental and comparative evidence suggests that cortical bone is primarily responsive to strain prior to sexual maturity, both in terms of the rate of new bone growth (modeling) as well as rates of turnover (Haversian remodeling). Rates of modeling and Haversian remodeling, however, vary greatly at different skeletal sites. In addition, there is no simple relationship between the orientation of loads in long bone diaphyses and their cross‐sectional geometry. In combination, these data caution against assuming without testing adaptationist views about form‐function relationships in order to infer adult activity patterns from skeletal features such as cross‐sectional geometry, cortical bones density, and musculo‐skeletal stress markers. Efforts to infer function from shape in the human skeleton should be based on biomechanical and developmental models that are experimentally tested and validated. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 47:63–99, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Url:
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.20155

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ISTEX:DF63C33B15D43B78C0E2B91B066F2115BAE37613

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<abstract lang="en">The premise that bones grow and remodel throughout life to adapt to their mechanical enironment is often called Wolff's law. Wolff's law, however, is not always true, and in fact comprises a variety of different processes that are best considered separately. Here we review the molecular and physiological mechanisms by which bone senses, transduces, and responds to mechanical loads, and the effects of aging processes on the relationship (if any) between cortical bone form and mechanical function. Experimental and comparative evidence suggests that cortical bone is primarily responsive to strain prior to sexual maturity, both in terms of the rate of new bone growth (modeling) as well as rates of turnover (Haversian remodeling). Rates of modeling and Haversian remodeling, however, vary greatly at different skeletal sites. In addition, there is no simple relationship between the orientation of loads in long bone diaphyses and their cross‐sectional geometry. In combination, these data caution against assuming without testing adaptationist views about form‐function relationships in order to infer adult activity patterns from skeletal features such as cross‐sectional geometry, cortical bones density, and musculo‐skeletal stress markers. Efforts to infer function from shape in the human skeleton should be based on biomechanical and developmental models that are experimentally tested and validated. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 47:63–99, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract>
<note type="funding">NSF - No. IBN 96‐03833; </note>
<note type="funding">American Federation for Aging Research</note>
<note type="funding">George Washington University</note>
<note type="funding">Harvard University</note>
<note type="funding">University of New Mexico</note>
<subject lang="en">
<genre>Keywords</genre>
<topic>ontogeny</topic>
<topic>senesence</topic>
<topic>Haversian remodeling</topic>
<topic>modeling</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host">
<titleInfo>
<title>American Journal of Physical Anthropology</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="abbreviated">
<title>Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="Journal">journal</genre>
<subject>
<genre>article category</genre>
<topic>Article</topic>
</subject>
<identifier type="ISSN">0002-9483</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1096-8644</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-8644</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">AJPA</identifier>
<part>
<date>2004</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>125</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue">
<caption>no.</caption>
<number>S39</number>
</detail>
<detail type="supplement">
<caption>Suppl. no.</caption>
<number>39</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>63</start>
<end>99</end>
<total>37</total>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">DF63C33B15D43B78C0E2B91B066F2115BAE37613</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1002/ajpa.20155</identifier>
<identifier type="ArticleID">AJPA20155</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</accessCondition>
<recordInfo>
<recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
</metadata>
<serie></serie>
</istex>
</record>

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   |texte=   The aging of Wolff's “law”: Ontogeny and responses to mechanical loading in cortical bone
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