Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany
Identifieur interne : 001375 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001374; suivant : 001376Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany
Auteurs : Christoph Emmerling ; Michael Schloter ; Anton Hartmann ; Ellen KandelerSource :
- Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science [ 1436-8730 ] ; 2002-08.
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Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.
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DOI: 10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3
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The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Christoph Emmerling</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: emmerling@uni‐trier.de</json:string><json:string>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. 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Bodenk.</title><idno type="pISSN">1436-8730</idno><idno type="eISSN">1522-2624</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</idno><imprint><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2002-08"></date><biblScope unit="volume">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="408">408</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="420">420</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JPLN408</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2002</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="de"><p>Funktionelle Diversität von Bodenorganismen Dieser Artikel gibt einen überblick über neuere Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Diversität von Mikroorganismen, einigen Vertretern der Bodenmesofauna, sowie der Bodenmakrofauna. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Kombination von phänotypischen und genotypischen Untersuchungsmethoden die Erkenntnisse über die Beziehung von struktureller (phylogenetischer) und funktioneller Diversität von tierischen und mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften erweitern kann. Die Detailkenntnis der Gensequenzen der zentralen mikrobiellen Transformationsprozesse erlaubt die Untersuchung der Anwesenheit und Diversität dieses Genpools in Böden. Eine gleichzeitige phylogenetische Identifizierung und Funktionsanalyse auf Einzelzellniveau ist durch den gleichzeitigen Einsatz von Fluoreszenz in situ Hybridisierung mit Gensonden und Mikroautoradiographie möglich. 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The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells <i>in situ</i> is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</p></abstract><abstract type="main" xml:lang="de"><p>Funktionelle Diversität von Bodenorganismen</p><p>Dieser Artikel gibt einen überblick über neuere Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Diversität von Mikroorganismen, einigen Vertretern der Bodenmesofauna, sowie der Bodenmakrofauna. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Kombination von phänotypischen und genotypischen Untersuchungsmethoden die Erkenntnisse über die Beziehung von struktureller (phylogenetischer) und funktioneller Diversität von tierischen und mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften erweitern kann. Die Detailkenntnis der Gensequenzen der zentralen mikrobiellen Transformationsprozesse erlaubt die Untersuchung der Anwesenheit und Diversität dieses Genpools in Böden. Eine gleichzeitige phylogenetische Identifizierung und Funktionsanalyse auf Einzelzellniveau ist durch den gleichzeitigen Einsatz von Fluoreszenz <i>in situ</i> Hybridisierung mit Gensonden und Mikroautoradiographie möglich. Studien zu Wechselwirkungen von Bodentieren und Bodenmikroorganismen haben die funktionelle Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen geklärt.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christoph</namePart><namePart type="family">Emmerling</namePart><affiliation>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: emmerling@uni‐trier.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael</namePart><namePart type="family">Schloter</namePart><affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anton</namePart><namePart type="family">Hartmann</namePart><affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ellen</namePart><namePart type="family">Kandeler</namePart><affiliation>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Weinheim</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2002-08</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2002-05-27</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2002</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">182</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</abstract><abstract lang="de">Funktionelle Diversität von Bodenorganismen Dieser Artikel gibt einen überblick über neuere Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Diversität von Mikroorganismen, einigen Vertretern der Bodenmesofauna, sowie der Bodenmakrofauna. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Kombination von phänotypischen und genotypischen Untersuchungsmethoden die Erkenntnisse über die Beziehung von struktureller (phylogenetischer) und funktioneller Diversität von tierischen und mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften erweitern kann. Die Detailkenntnis der Gensequenzen der zentralen mikrobiellen Transformationsprozesse erlaubt die Untersuchung der Anwesenheit und Diversität dieses Genpools in Böden. Eine gleichzeitige phylogenetische Identifizierung und Funktionsanalyse auf Einzelzellniveau ist durch den gleichzeitigen Einsatz von Fluoreszenz in situ Hybridisierung mit Gensonden und Mikroautoradiographie möglich. Studien zu Wechselwirkungen von Bodentieren und Bodenmikroorganismen haben die funktionelle Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen geklärt.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>functional diversity</topic><topic>ecosystem engineers</topic><topic>soil enzymes</topic><topic>catabolic profiles</topic><topic>functional gene analysis</topic><topic>genetic microdiversity</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1436-8730</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1522-2624</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JPLN</identifier><part><date>2002</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>165</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>4</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>408</start><end>420</end><total>13</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JPLN408</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 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