Statistical universals reveal the structures and functions of human music
Identifieur interne : 000012 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000011; suivant : 000013Statistical universals reveal the structures and functions of human music
Auteurs : Patrick E. Savage [Japon] ; Steven Brown [Canada] ; Emi Sakai [Japon] ; Thomas E. Currie [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Which features of music are universal and which are culture-specific? Why? These questions are important for understanding why humans make music but have rarely been scientifically tested. We used musical classification techniques and statistical tools to analyze a global set of 304 music recordings, finding no absolute universals but dozens of statistical universals. These include not only commonly cited features related to pitch and rhythm but also domains such as social context and interrelationships between musical features. We speculate that group coordination is the common aspect unifying the cross-cultural structural regularities of human music, with implications for the study of music evolution.
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1414495112
PubMed: 26124105
PubMed Central: 4517223
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Savage</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Musicology,<institution>Tokyo University of the Arts</institution>, 110-8714 Tokyo,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Steven" sort="Brown, Steven" uniqKey="Brown S" first="Steven" last="Brown">Steven Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour,<institution>McMaster University</institution>, Hamilton, ON,<country>Canada</country> L8S 4K1;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakai, Emi" sort="Sakai, Emi" uniqKey="Sakai E" first="Emi" last="Sakai">Emi Sakai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Musicology,<institution>Tokyo University of the Arts</institution>, 110-8714 Tokyo,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Currie, Thomas E" sort="Currie, Thomas E" uniqKey="Currie T" first="Thomas E." last="Currie">Thomas E. Currie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26124105</idno><idno type="pmc">4517223</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517223</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4517223</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1414495112</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000012</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000012</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Statistical universals reveal the structures and functions of human music</title><author><name sortKey="Savage, Patrick E" sort="Savage, Patrick E" uniqKey="Savage P" first="Patrick E." last="Savage">Patrick E. Savage</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Musicology,<institution>Tokyo University of the Arts</institution>, 110-8714 Tokyo,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Steven" sort="Brown, Steven" uniqKey="Brown S" first="Steven" last="Brown">Steven Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour,<institution>McMaster University</institution>, Hamilton, ON,<country>Canada</country> L8S 4K1;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakai, Emi" sort="Sakai, Emi" uniqKey="Sakai E" first="Emi" last="Sakai">Emi Sakai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Musicology,<institution>Tokyo University of the Arts</institution>, 110-8714 Tokyo,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Currie, Thomas E" sort="Currie, Thomas E" uniqKey="Currie T" first="Thomas E." last="Currie">Thomas E. Currie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="e-ISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Significance</title><p>Which features of music are universal and which are culture-specific? Why? These questions are important for understanding why humans make music but have rarely been scientifically tested. We used musical classification techniques and statistical tools to analyze a global set of 304 music recordings, finding no absolute universals but dozens of statistical universals. These include not only commonly cited features related to pitch and rhythm but also domains such as social context and interrelationships between musical features. We speculate that group coordination is the common aspect unifying the cross-cultural structural regularities of human music, with implications for the study of music evolution.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26124105</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4517223</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201414495</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1414495112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anthropology</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Psychological and Cognitive Sciences</subject></subj-group></subj-group><series-title>From the Cover</series-title></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Statistical universals reveal the structures and functions of human music</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Statistical universals of human music</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Savage</surname><given-names>Patrick E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brown</surname><given-names>Steven</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sakai</surname><given-names>Emi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Currie</surname><given-names>Thomas E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Department of Musicology,<institution>Tokyo University of the Arts</institution>, 110-8714 Tokyo,<country>Japan</country>;</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour,<institution>McMaster University</institution>, Hamilton, ON,<country>Canada</country> L8S 4K1;</aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup>Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE,<country>United Kingdom</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: <email>patsavagenz@gmail.com</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by W. Tecumseh Fitch, Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, and accepted by the Editorial Board May 21, 2015 (received for review August 12, 2014)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: P.E.S., S.B., and T.E.C. designed research; P.E.S. and E.S. performed research; P.E.S. and T.E.C. analyzed data; and P.E.S., S.B., and T.E.C. wrote the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>21</day><month>7</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>112</volume><issue>29</issue><fpage>8987</fpage><lpage>8992</lpage><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="pnas.201414495.pdf"></self-uri><related-article id="d35e154" related-article-type="commentary" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.1073/pnas.1510724112"></related-article><abstract abstract-type="executive-summary"><title>Significance</title><p>Which features of music are universal and which are culture-specific? Why? These questions are important for understanding why humans make music but have rarely been scientifically tested. We used musical classification techniques and statistical tools to analyze a global set of 304 music recordings, finding no absolute universals but dozens of statistical universals. These include not only commonly cited features related to pitch and rhythm but also domains such as social context and interrelationships between musical features. We speculate that group coordination is the common aspect unifying the cross-cultural structural regularities of human music, with implications for the study of music evolution.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Music has been called “the universal language of mankind.” Although contemporary theories of music evolution often invoke various musical universals, the existence of such universals has been disputed for decades and has never been empirically demonstrated. Here we combine a music-classification scheme with statistical analyses, including phylogenetic comparative methods, to examine a well-sampled global set of 304 music recordings. Our analyses reveal no absolute universals but strong support for many statistical universals that are consistent across all nine geographic regions sampled. These universals include 18 musical features that are common individually as well as a network of 10 features that are commonly associated with one another. They span not only features related to pitch and rhythm that are often cited as putative universals but also rarely cited domains including performance style and social context. These cross-cultural structural regularities of human music may relate to roles in facilitating group coordination and cohesion, as exemplified by the universal tendency to sing, play percussion instruments, and dance to simple, repetitive music in groups. Our findings highlight the need for scientists studying music evolution to expand the range of musical cultures and musical features under consideration. The statistical universals we identified represent important candidates for future investigation.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>ethnomusicology</kwd><kwd>cross-cultural universals</kwd><kwd>group coordination</kwd><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>cultural phylogenetics</kwd></kwd-group><counts><page-count count="6"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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