Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) and castration: the case of the famous singer Farinelli (1705–1782)
Identifieur interne : 000885 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000884; suivant : 000886Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) and castration: the case of the famous singer Farinelli (1705–1782)
Auteurs : Maria Giovanna Belcastro [Italie] ; Antonio Todero [Italie] ; Gino Fornaciari [Italie] ; Valentina Mariotti [Italie]Source :
- Journal of Anatomy [ 0021-8782 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
The famous castrato singer Farinelli (1705–1782) was exhumed by our research group in July 2006 for the purpose of gaining some insight into his biological profile through a study of his skeletal remains. Farinelli was castrated before puberty to preserve the treble pitch of the boy's voice into adult life. His powerful and sweet voice became legendary. In spite of its bad preservation state, the skeleton displayed some interesting characteristics that are probably related to the effects of castration, including long limb-bones, persistence of epiphyseal lines and osteoporosis. In particular, the frontal bone was affected by severe
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01413.x
PubMed: 21740437
PubMed Central: 3222842
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Bologna</institution><addr-line>Bologna, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Bologna</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Anatomy</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-8782</idno><idno type="e-ISSN">1469-7580</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The famous castrato singer Farinelli (1705–1782) was exhumed by our research group in July 2006 for the purpose of gaining some insight into his biological profile through a study of his skeletal remains. Farinelli was castrated before puberty to preserve the treble pitch of the boy's voice into adult life. His powerful and sweet voice became legendary. In spite of its bad preservation state, the skeleton displayed some interesting characteristics that are probably related to the effects of castration, including long limb-bones, persistence of epiphyseal lines and osteoporosis. In particular, the frontal bone was affected by severe <italic>hyperostosis frontalis interna</italic> (HFI). This condition consists in a symmetrical thickening of the inner table of the bone. The epidemiology of HFI shows that it is relatively common in postmenopausal women but very rare in men. Men affected by this pathology suffer from diseases, syndromes or treatments causing androgen deficiency. In the case of Farinelli, castration was probably responsible for the onset and development of this lesion.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Anat</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">joa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Anatomy</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-8782</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1469-7580</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Blackwell Science Inc</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21740437</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3222842</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01413.x</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Brief Communications</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title><italic>Hyperostosis frontalis interna</italic> (HFI) and castration: the case of the famous singer Farinelli (1705–1782)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Belcastro</surname><given-names>Maria Giovanna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="au1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Todero</surname><given-names>Antonio</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="au1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fornaciari</surname><given-names>Gino</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="au2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mariotti</surname><given-names>Valentina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="au1">1</xref></contrib><aff id="au1"><label>1</label><institution>Laboratory of Bioarchaeology and Forensic Osteology, Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna</institution><addr-line>Bologna, Italy</addr-line></aff><aff id="au2"><label>2</label><institution>Division of Palaeopathology, History of Medicine and Bioethics, Department of Oncology, Transplants and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa</institution><addr-line>Pisa, Italy</addr-line></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Belcastro M. Giovanna, Laboratory of Bioarchaeology and Forensic Osteology, Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy. T: +39 051 209419; F: +39 051 2094286; E: <email>maria.belcastro@unibo.it</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>7</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>219</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>632</fpage><lpage>637</lpage><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>13</day><month>6</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Journal of Anatomy © 2011 Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p>The famous castrato singer Farinelli (1705–1782) was exhumed by our research group in July 2006 for the purpose of gaining some insight into his biological profile through a study of his skeletal remains. Farinelli was castrated before puberty to preserve the treble pitch of the boy's voice into adult life. His powerful and sweet voice became legendary. In spite of its bad preservation state, the skeleton displayed some interesting characteristics that are probably related to the effects of castration, including long limb-bones, persistence of epiphyseal lines and osteoporosis. In particular, the frontal bone was affected by severe <italic>hyperostosis frontalis interna</italic> (HFI). This condition consists in a symmetrical thickening of the inner table of the bone. The epidemiology of HFI shows that it is relatively common in postmenopausal women but very rare in men. Men affected by this pathology suffer from diseases, syndromes or treatments causing androgen deficiency. In the case of Farinelli, castration was probably responsible for the onset and development of this lesion.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>castration</kwd><kwd>Farinelli</kwd><kwd>hyperostosis frontalis interna</kwd><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li></country></list><tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Belcastro, Maria Giovanna" sort="Belcastro, Maria Giovanna" uniqKey="Belcastro M" first="Maria Giovanna" last="Belcastro">Maria Giovanna Belcastro</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Fornaciari, Gino" sort="Fornaciari, Gino" uniqKey="Fornaciari G" first="Gino" last="Fornaciari">Gino Fornaciari</name><name sortKey="Mariotti, Valentina" sort="Mariotti, Valentina" uniqKey="Mariotti V" first="Valentina" last="Mariotti">Valentina Mariotti</name><name sortKey="Todero, Antonio" sort="Todero, Antonio" uniqKey="Todero A" first="Antonio" last="Todero">Antonio Todero</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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