The Structure of Musical Preferences: A Five-Factor Model
Identifieur interne : 000846 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000845; suivant : 000847The Structure of Musical Preferences: A Five-Factor Model
Auteurs : Peter J. Rentfrow ; Lewis R. Goldberg ; Daniel J. LevitinSource :
- Journal of personality and social psychology [ 0022-3514 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Music is a cross-cultural universal, a ubiquitous activity found in every known human culture. Individuals demonstrate manifestly different preferences in music, and yet relatively little is known about the underlying structure of those preferences. Here, we introduce a model of musical preferences based on listeners’ affective reactions to excerpts of music from a wide variety of musical genres. The findings from three independent studies converged to suggest that there exists a latent five-factor structure underlying music preferences that is genre-free, and reflects primarily emotional/affective responses to music. We have interpreted and labeled these factors as: 1) a Mellow factor comprising smooth and relaxing styles; 2) an Urban factor defined largely by rhythmic and percussive music, such as is found in rap, funk, and acid jazz; 3) a Sophisticated factor that includes classical, operatic, world, and jazz; 4) an Intense factor defined by loud, forceful, and energetic music; and 5) a Campestral factor comprising a variety of different styles of direct, and rootsy music such as is often found in country and singer-songwriter genres. The findings from a fourth study suggest that preferences for the MUSIC factors are affected by both the social and auditory characteristics of the music.
Url:
DOI: 10.1037/a0022406
PubMed: 21299309
PubMed Central: 3138530
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Music is a cross-cultural universal, a ubiquitous activity found in every known human culture. Individuals demonstrate manifestly different preferences in music, and yet relatively little is known about the underlying structure of those preferences. Here, we introduce a model of musical preferences based on listeners’ affective reactions to excerpts of music from a wide variety of musical genres. The findings from three independent studies converged to suggest that there exists a latent five-factor structure underlying music preferences that is genre-free, and reflects primarily emotional/affective responses to music. We have interpreted and labeled these factors as: 1) a Mellow factor comprising smooth and relaxing styles; 2) an Urban factor defined largely by rhythmic and percussive music, such as is found in rap, funk, and acid jazz; 3) a Sophisticated factor that includes classical, operatic, world, and jazz; 4) an Intense factor defined by loud, forceful, and energetic music; and 5) a Campestral factor comprising a variety of different styles of direct, and rootsy music such as is often found in country and singer-songwriter genres. The findings from a fourth study suggest that preferences for the MUSIC factors are affected by both the social and auditory characteristics of the music.</p>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rentfrow</surname>
<given-names>Peter J.</given-names>
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<aff id="A1">Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Politics, Psychology, Sociology and International Studies, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge CB2 3RQ, United Kingdom.</aff>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goldberg</surname>
<given-names>Lewis R.</given-names>
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<aff id="A2">Oregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Blvd., Eugene, OR 97403-1983, USA.</aff>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Levitin</surname>
<given-names>Daniel J.</given-names>
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<aff id="A3">Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1 Canada.</aff>
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<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to: Peter J. Rentfrow, PhD, Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Politics, Psychology, & Sociology, The University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge CB2 3RQ, United Kingdom, <email>pjr39@cam.ac.uk</email>
, Phone: +44 (0) 1223 767 805</corresp>
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<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>14</day>
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<year>2012</year>
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<volume>100</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>1139</fpage>
<lpage>1157</lpage>
<abstract><p id="P1">Music is a cross-cultural universal, a ubiquitous activity found in every known human culture. Individuals demonstrate manifestly different preferences in music, and yet relatively little is known about the underlying structure of those preferences. Here, we introduce a model of musical preferences based on listeners’ affective reactions to excerpts of music from a wide variety of musical genres. The findings from three independent studies converged to suggest that there exists a latent five-factor structure underlying music preferences that is genre-free, and reflects primarily emotional/affective responses to music. We have interpreted and labeled these factors as: 1) a Mellow factor comprising smooth and relaxing styles; 2) an Urban factor defined largely by rhythmic and percussive music, such as is found in rap, funk, and acid jazz; 3) a Sophisticated factor that includes classical, operatic, world, and jazz; 4) an Intense factor defined by loud, forceful, and energetic music; and 5) a Campestral factor comprising a variety of different styles of direct, and rootsy music such as is often found in country and singer-songwriter genres. The findings from a fourth study suggest that preferences for the MUSIC factors are affected by both the social and auditory characteristics of the music.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>MUSIC</kwd>
<kwd>PREFERENCES</kwd>
<kwd>INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES</kwd>
<kwd>FACTOR ANALYSIS</kwd>
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