OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei
Identifieur interne : 000D05 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000D04; suivant : 000D06OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei
Auteurs : K. Shimomura ; I. Ogawa ; K. Suzuki ; S. Hamada ; T. Nakamura ; H. Okuno ; M. Koizumi ; N. Inabe ; Y. Fukashiro ; H. Sunaoshi ; M. Wada ; S. Hatori ; T. Murayama ; T. Kohmoto ; Y. Fukuda ; T. Kubo ; T. Shinozuka ; K. Asahi ; S. Morinobu ; T. T. Inamura ; M. Ishihara ; M. Fujioka ; M. Kondo ; S. MatsukiSource :
- Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B [ 0168-583X ] ; 1992.
Abstract
An on-line system of optical pumping in solids for the study of unstable nuclei was developed. The system is operated in connection with mass separators on line. The mass-separated unstable isotopes are implanted into a host crystal set at the focal position of the separator and then spin-polarized with laser optical pumping in the crystal. The crystal can be cooled down to 20–100 K with a cold finger attached to a liquid He bath. The achieved nuclear polarization/alignment is detected by observing the asymmetry/anisotropy of the emitted beta-/gamma-radiation with scintillation/Ge counters. Nuclear magnetic resonances are observed by detecting the destruction and/or enhancement of the asymmetry/anisotropy distribution with an applied rf magnetic field. The system has been applied to the study of unstable Tm and Si isotopes. Apparatus and performance of the on-line system are described together with some of the results obtained.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0168-583X(92)95975-W
Links to Exploration step
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Shimomura</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogawa, I" sort="Ogawa, I" uniqKey="Ogawa I" first="I." last="Ogawa">I. Ogawa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, K" sort="Suzuki, K" uniqKey="Suzuki K" first="K." last="Suzuki">K. Suzuki</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamada, S" sort="Hamada, S" uniqKey="Hamada S" first="S." last="Hamada">S. Hamada</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakamura, T" sort="Nakamura, T" uniqKey="Nakamura T" first="T." last="Nakamura">T. Nakamura</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okuno, H" sort="Okuno, H" uniqKey="Okuno H" first="H." last="Okuno">H. Okuno</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koizumi, M" sort="Koizumi, M" uniqKey="Koizumi M" first="M." last="Koizumi">M. Koizumi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Inabe, N" sort="Inabe, N" uniqKey="Inabe N" first="N." last="Inabe">N. 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Wada</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hatori, S" sort="Hatori, S" uniqKey="Hatori S" first="S." last="Hatori">S. Hatori</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murayama, T" sort="Murayama, T" uniqKey="Murayama T" first="T." last="Murayama">T. Murayama</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kohmoto, T" sort="Kohmoto, T" uniqKey="Kohmoto T" first="T." last="Kohmoto">T. Kohmoto</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fukuda, Y" sort="Fukuda, Y" uniqKey="Fukuda Y" first="Y." last="Fukuda">Y. Fukuda</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kubo, T" sort="Kubo, T" uniqKey="Kubo T" first="T." last="Kubo">T. Kubo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shinozuka, T" sort="Shinozuka, T" uniqKey="Shinozuka T" first="T." last="Shinozuka">T. Shinozuka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Asahi, K" sort="Asahi, K" uniqKey="Asahi K" first="K." last="Asahi">K. Asahi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morinobu, S" sort="Morinobu, S" uniqKey="Morinobu S" first="S." last="Morinobu">S. Morinobu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Inamura, T T" sort="Inamura, T T" uniqKey="Inamura T" first="T. T." last="Inamura">T. T. Inamura</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishihara, M" sort="Ishihara, M" uniqKey="Ishihara M" first="M." last="Ishihara">M. Ishihara</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fujioka, M" sort="Fujioka, M" uniqKey="Fujioka M" first="M." last="Fujioka">M. Fujioka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, M" sort="Kondo, M" uniqKey="Kondo M" first="M." last="Kondo">M. Kondo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsuki, S" sort="Matsuki, S" uniqKey="Matsuki S" first="S." last="Matsuki">S. Matsuki</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NIMB</title><idno type="ISSN">0168-583X</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1992">1992</date><biblScope unit="volume">70</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="513">513</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="520">520</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0168-583X</idno></series><idno type="istex">A5E0A4C223F943CAA0CEB522C0C934113F530100</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0168-583X(92)95975-W</idno><idno type="PII">0168-583X(92)95975-W</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0168-583X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">An on-line system of optical pumping in solids for the study of unstable nuclei was developed. The system is operated in connection with mass separators on line. The mass-separated unstable isotopes are implanted into a host crystal set at the focal position of the separator and then spin-polarized with laser optical pumping in the crystal. The crystal can be cooled down to 20–100 K with a cold finger attached to a liquid He bath. The achieved nuclear polarization/alignment is detected by observing the asymmetry/anisotropy of the emitted beta-/gamma-radiation with scintillation/Ge counters. Nuclear magnetic resonances are observed by detecting the destruction and/or enhancement of the asymmetry/anisotropy distribution with an applied rf magnetic field. The system has been applied to the study of unstable Tm and Si isotopes. Apparatus and performance of the on-line system are described together with some of the results obtained.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>K. Shimomura</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>I. Ogawa</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>K. Suzuki</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Hamada</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. Nakamura</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Okuno</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Koizumi</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>N. Inabe</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Y. Fukashiro</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Sunaoshi</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Wada</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Hatori</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. Murayama</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine, Tokyo, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. Kohmoto</name><affiliations><json:string>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Y. Fukuda</name><affiliations><json:string>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. Kubo</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. Shinozuka</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>K. Asahi</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Morinobu</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T.T. Inamura</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Ishihara</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</json:string><json:string>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Fujioka</name><affiliations><json:string>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Kondo</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Matsuki</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</json:string><json:string>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>An on-line system of optical pumping in solids for the study of unstable nuclei was developed. The system is operated in connection with mass separators on line. The mass-separated unstable isotopes are implanted into a host crystal set at the focal position of the separator and then spin-polarized with laser optical pumping in the crystal. The crystal can be cooled down to 20–100 K with a cold finger attached to a liquid He bath. The achieved nuclear polarization/alignment is detected by observing the asymmetry/anisotropy of the emitted beta-/gamma-radiation with scintillation/Ge counters. Nuclear magnetic resonances are observed by detecting the destruction and/or enhancement of the asymmetry/anisotropy distribution with an applied rf magnetic field. The system has been applied to the study of unstable Tm and Si isotopes. Apparatus and performance of the on-line system are described together with some of the results obtained.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.673</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>399 x 529 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>941</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4969</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>26947</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>142</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable 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level="a">OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>ELSEVIER</p></availability><date>1992</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei</title><author><persName><forename type="first">K.</forename><surname>Shimomura</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">I.</forename><surname>Ogawa</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">K.</forename><surname>Suzuki</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Hamada</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">T.</forename><surname>Nakamura</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">H.</forename><surname>Okuno</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Koizumi</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">N.</forename><surname>Inabe</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Y.</forename><surname>Fukashiro</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">H.</forename><surname>Sunaoshi</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Wada</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Hatori</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">T.</forename><surname>Murayama</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">T.</forename><surname>Kohmoto</surname></persName><affiliation>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Y.</forename><surname>Fukuda</surname></persName><affiliation>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">T.</forename><surname>Kubo</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">T.</forename><surname>Shinozuka</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">K.</forename><surname>Asahi</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Morinobu</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">T.T.</forename><surname>Inamura</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Ishihara</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Fujioka</surname></persName><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Kondo</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Matsuki</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NIMB</title><idno type="pISSN">0168-583X</idno><idno type="PII">S0168-583X(00)X0357-6</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1992"></date><biblScope unit="volume">70</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="513">513</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="520">520</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">A5E0A4C223F943CAA0CEB522C0C934113F530100</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0168-583X(92)95975-W</idno><idno type="PII">0168-583X(92)95975-W</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1992</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An on-line system of optical pumping in solids for the study of unstable nuclei was developed. The system is operated in connection with mass separators on line. The mass-separated unstable isotopes are implanted into a host crystal set at the focal position of the separator and then spin-polarized with laser optical pumping in the crystal. The crystal can be cooled down to 20–100 K with a cold finger attached to a liquid He bath. The achieved nuclear polarization/alignment is detected by observing the asymmetry/anisotropy of the emitted beta-/gamma-radiation with scintillation/Ge counters. Nuclear magnetic resonances are observed by detecting the destruction and/or enhancement of the asymmetry/anisotropy distribution with an applied rf magnetic field. The system has been applied to the study of unstable Tm and Si isotopes. Apparatus and performance of the on-line system are described together with some of the results obtained.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1992">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" </istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>NIMB</jid><aid>95975</aid><ce:pii>0168-583X(92)95975-W</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0168-583X(92)95975-W</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1992"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Shimomura</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>I.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Ogawa</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Suzuki</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hamada</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Nakamura</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Okuno</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Koizumi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>e</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>N.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Inabe</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>e</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Y.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fukashiro</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF6"><ce:sup>f</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Sunaoshi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF6"><ce:sup>f</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wada</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF7"><ce:sup>g</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hatori</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF8"><ce:sup>h</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Murayama</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF9"><ce:sup>i</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kohmoto</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF10"><ce:sup>j</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Y.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fukuda</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF10"><ce:sup>j</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kubo</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>e</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Shinozuka</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF6"><ce:sup>f</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Asahi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF11"><ce:sup>k</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Morinobu</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF12"><ce:sup>l</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>T.T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Inamura</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>e</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Ishihara</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>e</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fujioka</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF6"><ce:sup>f</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kondo</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Matsuki</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>d</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF5"><ce:label>e</ce:label><ce:textfn>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF6"><ce:label>f</ce:label><ce:textfn>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF7"><ce:label>g</ce:label><ce:textfn>Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF8"><ce:label>h</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF9"><ce:label>i</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine, Tokyo, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF10"><ce:label>j</ce:label><ce:textfn>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF11"><ce:label>k</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF12"><ce:label>l</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation></ce:author-group><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para id="SP0005">An on-line system of optical pumping in solids for the study of unstable nuclei was developed. The system is operated in connection with mass separators on line. The mass-separated unstable isotopes are implanted into a host crystal set at the focal position of the separator and then spin-polarized with laser optical pumping in the crystal. The crystal can be cooled down to 20–100 K with a cold finger attached to a liquid He bath. The achieved nuclear polarization/alignment is detected by observing the asymmetry/anisotropy of the emitted beta-/gamma-radiation with scintillation/Ge counters. Nuclear magnetic resonances are observed by detecting the destruction and/or enhancement of the asymmetry/anisotropy distribution with an applied rf magnetic field. The system has been applied to the study of unstable Tm and Si isotopes. Apparatus and performance of the on-line system are described together with some of the results obtained.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>OPERA: an on-line system of optical pumping in solids for unstable nuclei</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Shimomura</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ogawa</namePart><affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Suzuki</namePart><affiliation>Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hamada</namePart><affiliation>Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nakamura</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Okuno</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Koizumi</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.</namePart><namePart type="family">Inabe</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Fukashiro</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sunaoshi</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wada</namePart><affiliation>Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hatori</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Murayama</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kohmoto</namePart><affiliation>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Fukuda</namePart><affiliation>College of Liberal Arts, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kubo</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Shinozuka</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Asahi</namePart><affiliation>Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Morinobu</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Inamura</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ishihara</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Cyclotron Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Fujioka</namePart><affiliation>Cyclotron and Radio-isotope Center, Tohoku 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