Precipitation research, 1975–1978
Identifieur interne : 001274 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001273; suivant : 001275Precipitation research, 1975–1978
Auteurs : Arnold CourtSource :
- Reviews of Geophysics [ 8755-1209 ] ; 1979-09.
Abstract
Precipitation research in the United States during the past quadrennium, 1975–1978, has been directed at all three steps of a scientific discipline: description, explanation, and prediction. Most of the work, however, has been in describing, in various ways, the occurrence of precipitation: instruments and measurements, stochastic and analytic models, and accounts of extremes of precipitation or lack thereof: deep snows, cloudbursts and hurricane rains causing floods, unusually wet periods and droughts. These observed precipitation patterns were explained, somewhat, in a few papers as arising from variations in the inputs to general circulation models (changes in atmospheric dust or in sea surface temperatures) as well as from local causes: changes due to urbanization, irrigation, or industry, and to the apparent effects of weather modification experiments and operations. Prediction has made considerable progress by using multivariate regressions (“Model Output Statistics”) to relate the probability of precipitation (“PoP"), and even its amount in quantitative precipitation forecasts ("QPF”), to the various predictions, 12, 24, and 36 hours in advance, of operational circulation models (PE, LFM, etc.). Each of these aspects of precipitation research will be discussed in the order given.
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DOI: 10.1029/RG017i006p01165
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