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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Beyond food and medicine, but necessary for life, too: other folk plant uses in several territories of Catalonia and the Balearic Islands</title><author><name sortKey="Gras, Airy" sort="Gras, Airy" uniqKey="Gras A" first="Airy" last="Gras">Airy Gras</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garnatje, Teresa" sort="Garnatje, Teresa" uniqKey="Garnatje T" first="Teresa" last="Garnatje">Teresa Garnatje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB–CSIC–ICUB), Passeig del Migdia s/n. Parc de Montjuïc, 08038 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonet, M Ngels" sort="Bonet, M Ngels" uniqKey="Bonet M" first="M. Ngels" last="Bonet">M. Ngels Bonet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carri, Esperanca" sort="Carri, Esperanca" uniqKey="Carri E" first="Esperança" last="Carri">Esperança Carri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mayans, Marina" sort="Mayans, Marina" uniqKey="Mayans M" first="Marina" last="Mayans">Marina Mayans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parada, Montse" sort="Parada, Montse" uniqKey="Parada M" first="Montse" last="Parada">Montse Parada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigat, Montse" sort="Rigat, Montse" uniqKey="Rigat M" first="Montse" last="Rigat">Montse Rigat</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valles, Joan" sort="Valles, Joan" uniqKey="Valles J" first="Joan" last="Vallès">Joan Vallès</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27316670</idno><idno type="pmc">4912702</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4912702</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4912702</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s13002-016-0097-8</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000064</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000064</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Beyond food and medicine, but necessary for life, too: other folk plant uses in several territories of Catalonia and the Balearic Islands</title><author><name sortKey="Gras, Airy" sort="Gras, Airy" uniqKey="Gras A" first="Airy" last="Gras">Airy Gras</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garnatje, Teresa" sort="Garnatje, Teresa" uniqKey="Garnatje T" first="Teresa" last="Garnatje">Teresa Garnatje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB–CSIC–ICUB), Passeig del Migdia s/n. Parc de Montjuïc, 08038 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonet, M Ngels" sort="Bonet, M Ngels" uniqKey="Bonet M" first="M. Ngels" last="Bonet">M. Ngels Bonet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carri, Esperanca" sort="Carri, Esperanca" uniqKey="Carri E" first="Esperança" last="Carri">Esperança Carri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mayans, Marina" sort="Mayans, Marina" uniqKey="Mayans M" first="Marina" last="Mayans">Marina Mayans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parada, Montse" sort="Parada, Montse" uniqKey="Parada M" first="Montse" last="Parada">Montse Parada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigat, Montse" sort="Rigat, Montse" uniqKey="Rigat M" first="Montse" last="Rigat">Montse Rigat</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valles, Joan" sort="Valles, Joan" uniqKey="Valles J" first="Joan" last="Vallès">Joan Vallès</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine</title><idno type="eISSN">1746-4269</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Ethnobotanical academic research, particularly in European industrialised countries, has been, and is, mostly focused on folk uses of food and medicinal plants. Nevertheless, other uses, as may well be supposed, account for a significant portion of these folk uses. In the Catalan linguistic domain, a considerable amount of ethnobotanical work has been produced, but to date almost nothing has been published on these other plant uses.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We basically used the method of semistructured interviews to collect data on names, knowledge and use of plants in the above-mentioned fields from 759 informants in three Catalonian (Alt Empordà, Montseny and Ripollès) and two Balearic (Formentera and Mallorca) areas. We identified the plants quoted by the informants and prepared herbarium vouchers. We analysed and compared the results obtained.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Information has been collected on 401 genera, 552 species, 81 subspecies and four varieties, belonging to 122 families, totalling 4137 use reports for popular non-food and non-medicinal uses (classified in 14 modalities), and designated with 1303 folk Catalan names. The informant consensus factor is 0.87, accounting for a consistent and robust dataset.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Contrarily to what could be thought a priori, and irrespective of the fact that some uses are declining or changing, non-medicinal and non-food folk plant uses strongly persist in the territories considered, are highly considered by their practitioners, and may even imply some economic revenues.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harshberger, Jw" uniqKey="Harshberger J">JW Harshberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pardo De Santayana, M" uniqKey="Pardo De Santayana M">M Pardo de Santayana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pieroni, A" uniqKey="Pieroni A">A Pieroni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Puri, R" uniqKey="Puri R">R Puri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Porteres, R" 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open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Ethnobiol Ethnomed</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Ethnobiol Ethnomed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1746-4269</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name><publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27316670</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4912702</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">97</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s13002-016-0097-8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Beyond food and medicine, but necessary for life, too: other folk plant uses in several territories of Catalonia and the Balearic Islands</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gras</surname><given-names>Airy</given-names></name><address><email>agras@ub.edu</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Garnatje</surname><given-names>Teresa</given-names></name><address><email>tgarnatje@ibb.csic.es</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bonet</surname><given-names>M. Àngels</given-names></name><address><email>m.angels.bonet@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Carrió</surname><given-names>Esperança</given-names></name><address><email>e.carrio296@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mayans</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name><address><email>marinamayans@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Parada</surname><given-names>Montse</given-names></name><address><email>montse.parada@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rigat</surname><given-names>Montse</given-names></name><address><email>montserigatcoll66@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vallès</surname><given-names>Joan</given-names></name><address><email>joanvalles@ub.edu</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><label></label>Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</aff><aff id="Aff2"><label></label>Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB–CSIC–ICUB), Passeig del Migdia s/n. Parc de Montjuïc, 08038 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>6</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>17</day><month>6</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><elocation-id>23</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>6</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>6</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s). 2016</copyright-statement><license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Ethnobotanical academic research, particularly in European industrialised countries, has been, and is, mostly focused on folk uses of food and medicinal plants. Nevertheless, other uses, as may well be supposed, account for a significant portion of these folk uses. In the Catalan linguistic domain, a considerable amount of ethnobotanical work has been produced, but to date almost nothing has been published on these other plant uses.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We basically used the method of semistructured interviews to collect data on names, knowledge and use of plants in the above-mentioned fields from 759 informants in three Catalonian (Alt Empordà, Montseny and Ripollès) and two Balearic (Formentera and Mallorca) areas. We identified the plants quoted by the informants and prepared herbarium vouchers. We analysed and compared the results obtained.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Information has been collected on 401 genera, 552 species, 81 subspecies and four varieties, belonging to 122 families, totalling 4137 use reports for popular non-food and non-medicinal uses (classified in 14 modalities), and designated with 1303 folk Catalan names. The informant consensus factor is 0.87, accounting for a consistent and robust dataset.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Contrarily to what could be thought a priori, and irrespective of the fact that some uses are declining or changing, non-medicinal and non-food folk plant uses strongly persist in the territories considered, are highly considered by their practitioners, and may even imply some economic revenues.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Balearic Islands</kwd><kwd>Catalonia</kwd><kwd>Ethnobotany</kwd><kwd>Non-food and non-medicinal plant uses</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>Spanish government</institution></funding-source><award-id>CSO2014-59704-P</award-id><principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Vallès</surname><given-names>Joan</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>Catalan government</institution></funding-source><award-id>2009SGR439, 2009ACOM00012, 2009ACOM00013 and 2014SGR514</award-id><principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Vallès</surname><given-names>Joan</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group></funding-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2016</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="Sec1"><title>Background</title><p>When coining the term ethnobotany, Harshberger [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR1">1</xref>] considered as basic points for the newly named science “elucidating the cultural position of tribes who used plants” (where, nowadays, ‘tribes’ is replaced by ‘human groups’, [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR2">2</xref>]), “clarifying the past distribution of plants”, “determining trade routes” and “suggesting new current production lines” for useful plants. For Portères and Barrau [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR3">3</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR4">4</xref>], ethnobotany is a discipline located at the crossroad between natural and human sciences studying the behaviour of human societies with regard to plants. Other authors state that ethnobotanical research rescues and updates the history of plants in human societies through time and space [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR5">5</xref>].</p><p>Even if ethnobotany deals with all kinds of plant uses, at least in western European countries, ethnobotanical research focused on food and medicinal plants is by far the most dominant, what can be verified when surveying the articles that have appeared in relevant journals. Such a situation can be explained by two kinds of reasons. On the one hand, food and medicine are the two plant folk applications more directly linked to human health, so that they are maintained at a relatively high rate even in industrialised societies. Conversely, these countries have undergone a rather deep process of acculturation, in the sense of adopting so-called modern habits in detriment of traditional culture [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR6">6</xref>], which implied that rural communities abandoned a great deal of traditional practices linked to plants, because they are much less necessary (if necessary at all) nowadays than in the first half of 20<sup>th</sup> century. On the other hand, the above-quoted food and medicinal properties are those which most likely can lead to the development of new commercial sources of welfare products (see e.g., [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR7">7</xref>]). Some non-food and non-medicinal popular uses are slightly better preserved than most of them, such as basketry [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR8">8</xref>] and cosmetics [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR9">9</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR10">10</xref>], the latter being, in fact, very closely linked to medicinal ones. Some specific papers with ethnobotanical focus have been devoted to these other plant uses in European countries (e.g., those quoted for basketry and cosmetics, as well as [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR11">11</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR16">16</xref>]). Additionally, some compilation work, rather addressed to folk knowledge vulgarisation, contain information on these plant utilisations; as an example the first volume of the ongoing Spanish Inventory of Traditional Knowledge related to Biodiversity [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR17">17</xref>] provides information on all kinds of plant uses, including those dealt with in the present paper. In any case, even taking into account the above-quoted contributions, this approach still remains quite scarce.</p><p>The research on ethnobotany in the Catalan linguistic domain has been intense in the last 25 years. This research mostly comprises data on food and medicinal (including veterinarian) plant uses, as well as studies linked to agroecosystems (mostly homegardens) and to ethnoecological questions (cf. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR10">10</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR18">18</xref>], and references therein). Only very rarely other plant uses have been addressed [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR19">19</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR20">20</xref>], although, throughout our research, we have maintained the conviction that a robust pool of knowledge on these uses still exists. Taking this into account, the aims of the present paper are: 1) to provide an overview on non-food and non-medicinal popular plant uses in five Catalan language territories, three in Catalonia and two in the Balearic Islands; 2) to evaluate to what extent these uses are persisting and how are they currently considered by their practitioners.</p></sec><sec id="Sec2"><title>Methods</title><sec id="Sec3"><title>Study areas</title><p>We performed interviews in five territories located in two large areas of the Catalan linguistic domain, three in Catalonia (Alt Empordà, Montseny, Ripollès) and two in the Balearic Islands (Formentera, Mallorca), with the aim of comparing a continental place and an insular one (Fig. <xref rid="Fig1" ref-type="fig">1</xref>). The Catalonian areas comprise from plain to high mountains, and the Balearic ones involve two islands.<fig id="Fig1"><label>Fig. 1</label><caption><p>Studied areas in the contexts of Europe and the Catalan linguistic domain. AE: Alt Empordà; MO: Montseny; RI: Ripollès; MA: Mallorca; FO: Formentera</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="13002_2016_97_Fig1_HTML" id="MO1"></graphic></fig></p><p>Alt Empordà (AE) is a district (<italic>comarca</italic> in the Catalan language) of 1358 km<sup>2</sup> and 140,214 inhabitants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR21">21</xref>] living in 68 municipalities. The climate is mainly coastal Mediterranean. The vegetation is distributed in an asymmetrical form in two biogeographical regions, Mediterranean, largely dominant, and Eurosiberian, in certain mountainous areas, reaching 1443 m a.s.l.</p><p>Ripollès (RI) is a district occupying an area of 956.6 km<sup>2</sup> and having a population of 25,700 inhabitants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR21">21</xref>] distributed in 19 municipalities, with a high percentage of the population inhabiting small villages and isolated houses. Located in the eastern Pyrenees, it has a high mountain climate with Mediterranean influence. The flora and vegetation are mostly Eurosiberian, with some Boreoalpine zones in mountain areas reaching 2909.8 m a.s.l. Montseny (MO) is a mountain massif with a maximum altitude of 1706 m a.s.l., with an area of 826 km<sup>2</sup> and a population of 105,000 people [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR22">22</xref>]. The climate is basically Mediterranean (including mountain Mediterranean). The vegetation belongs to the Mediterranean and Eurosiberian regions. Formentera (FO) is the smallest of the four inhabited Balearic Islands, occupying 82 km<sup>2</sup>, and has 11,545 inhabitants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR23">23</xref>] living in nine population centres, all belonging to one municipality. Its maximum altitude is 195 m. The climate is Mediterranean with an arid tendency. The vegetation landscape is basically coastal Mediterranean.</p><p>Mallorca (MA) is the biggest island in the Balearic archipelago, and the seventh largest in the Mediterranean sea, with the highest altitude at 1445 m. It has an extension of 3622.54 km<sup>2</sup> and population of 858,313 inhabitants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR23">23</xref>]. Its climate is typically Mediterranean. The vegetation belongs mostly to the Mediterranean and, to a small part, to the Eurosiberian biogeographic regions.</p></sec><sec id="Sec4"><title>Informants</title><p>Information was obtained from 769 informants, selected on a snowball basis [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR24">24</xref>] for general ethnobotanical prospections in each of the areas studied. Of them, 510 were from Catalonia and 259 from Balearic Islands, distributed as follows: 160 from RI, born between 1915 and 1988, with an average age of 71.6 years; 178 from AE, with a mean age of 69.44 years, ranging from 23 to 95; 172 from MO, with a mean age of 66, ranging from 31 to 96; 235 from MA, with an average of 76 years, born between 1906 and 1981; and 24 from FO, born between 1920 and 1943. Concerning gender, 445 interviewees were women (57.87 %) and 324 men (42.13 %).</p></sec><sec id="Sec5"><title>Field work methods</title><p>Data were collected with the same method, but in different years in each territory: 1993–2000 (MO), 1995–2007 (AE), 2004–2012 (RI), 2009–2013 (MA) and 2011–2013 (FO). Ethnobotanical interviews were performed with a total of 769 informants (see <xref rid="Sec8" ref-type="sec">Results and discussion</xref> section for details on distribution, gender and age). Taking into account the Code of Ethics of the International Society of Ethnobiology [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR25">25</xref>], we asked the interviewees’ informed consent to participate in the survey, to register the interviews, to take pictures and to use their images and information. The method used was basically the semistructured interview [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR26">26</xref>], with special care taken in not asking direct questions, which could coerce, condition or influence the informant’s answer. In several occasions group interviews were carried out, separating the answers of the different interviewees. Whenever possible, we collected the plants in question together with the informants or we observed with them those they had preserved at home or their preparations or the objects elaborated with them. The interviews, developed in Catalan, the common language of both interviewers and interviewees, were registered, also with the informants’ agreement (which was also solicited for taking pictures).</p><p>Plants were identified at specific or infraspecific levels with the aid of the <italic>Flora manual dels Països Catalans</italic> [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR27">27</xref>], and for family assignation we followed the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR28">28</xref>]; <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/">http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/</ext-link>), as currently reflected in The plant list (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.theplantlist.org/">http://www.theplantlist.org</ext-link>), also devoted to gymnosperms and ferns. Vouchers of every taxon with associated information have been prepared, collected following the legislation and avoiding protected areas, and deposited in the herbaria BCN, of the Centre de Documentació de Biodiversitat Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, and BC, of the Institut Botànic de Barcelona.</p></sec><sec id="Sec6"><title>Databasing</title><p>Once in the laboratory, the interviews were transcribed and introduced into our research team’s database (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.etnobotanica.cat/">www.etnobotanica.cat</ext-link>, not open to public access, but punctually consultable on request to the corresponding or to the last authors). This database contains all ethnobotanical data (on medicinal, food and other uses) from our group and allows us to manage the results, to perform some calculations and to establish comparisons. Taking Cook’s Economic Botany data standard as a departing point [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR29">29</xref>], a huge effort to establish and nuance use categories (as well as parts of plants and kinds of preparation and use, the latter not relevant here, but in medicinal and food uses) has been performed, and it is reflected in Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref>.<table-wrap id="Tab1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Non-food and non-medicinal folk plant uses in the territories of Alt Empordà, Montseny and Ripollès (Catalonia), and Formentera and Mallorca (Balearic Islands)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th>Taxon</th><th>Catalan vernacular names (a few Spanish, French and Arabic, indicated)</th><th>Area</th><th>Used part</th><th>Uses</th><th>Frequency</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><italic>Abelmoschus esculentus</italic> (L.) Moench (Malvaceae) BC131944</td><td>Ocra</td><td>BI</td><td>Seed</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Abies alba</italic> Mill.<break></break>(Pinaceae) BCN3096</td><td>Avet</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Abies nordmanniana</italic> (Steven) Spach (Pinaceae) BC59249</td><td>Avet</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Abies</italic> ×<italic>masjoanis</italic> D.A. Soto, J.I.G. Viñas et E. Bujarrabal<break></break>(Pinaceae) BCN35720</td><td>Avet de Masjoan, avet del Montseny</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Acacia dealbata</italic> Link (Mimosaceae) BCN29973</td><td>Mimosa</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Acer campestre</italic> L. (Aceraceae) BCN29613</td><td>Auró, auró blanc</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Acer monspessulanum</italic> L. (Aceraceae) BCN29613</td><td>Auró negre</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Acer opalus</italic> Mill. subsp. <italic>opalus</italic> (Aceraceae) BCN29615</td><td>Blada, baladre</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Achillea ageratum</italic> L. (Asteraceae)<break></break>BCN- E-188</td><td>Alè de bou</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Achillea millefolium</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29616</td><td>Centfulles</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Achillea ptarmica</italic> L. subsp. <italic>pyrenaica</italic> (Godr.) Heimerl (Asteraceae) BCN24701</td><td>Camamilla, camamilla de muntanya, camamilla de Rojà</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Adiantum capillus-veneris</italic> L. (Pteridiaceae) BCN91889</td><td>Falzia</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aegilops geniculata</italic> Roth (Poaceae) BCN 103555</td><td>Blat de perdiu</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aesculus hippocastanum</italic> L. (Sapindaceae) BCN29618</td><td>Castanyer bord, castanyer d'Índies, castanya agra, castanya borda (fruit), castanya de castanyer d'Índies (fruit), morronyer</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Fruit. Seed. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Agapanthus</italic> sp. (Amaryllidaceae)</td><td>Acapantus</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Agave americana</italic> L. (Agavaceae) BCN46860</td><td>Ágave, atzavara, donarda, figuerassa, figuerassa de marge, figuerassa grossa, pita, pitera, punta de pita (thorn), punyalera, xeremec (stem)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Leaf, Not reported. Stem. Thorn</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Agrimonia eupatoria</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN24704</td><td>Agafallosa</td><td>RI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Ludic</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Agrostemma githago</italic> L. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN5737</td><td>Clavell de blat, niella</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ailanthus altissima</italic> (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae) BCN81396</td><td>Cornissa, irlando</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ajuga iva</italic> (L.) Schreb. (Lamiaceae) BCN6437</td><td>Iva</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Alkanna tinctoria</italic> (L.) Tausch (Boraginaceae) BCN24706</td><td>Herba del peu de colom, peu de colom, pota de colom</td><td>RI</td><td>Root</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium ampeloprasum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN3993</td><td>All de bruixa, allassa, porrerell</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium cepa</italic> L. (Liliaceae) BCN28655</td><td>Ceba, ceba forastera, grell</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bulb. Inflorescence</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium fistulosum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN-E248</td><td>Cebollí</td><td>BI</td><td>Inflorescence</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium porrum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN28791</td><td>Porro</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium roseum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN31259</td><td>All de bruixa, calabruix</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium sativum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN29832</td><td>All, all de Sant Pau, all pau</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bulb. Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental : gardening<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Allium triquetrum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN95566</td><td>Vitrac</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Alnus glutinosa</italic> (L.) Gaertn. (Betulaceae) BCN29620</td><td>Vern</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Alocasia odora</italic> (Lindl.) K.Koch (Araceae) BCN50215</td><td>Marquesa</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aloe vera</italic> (L.) Burm f. (Xanthorrhoeaceae) BCN27242</td><td>Aloe vera, àloe vera, cactus, figuerassa</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Leaf juice. Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Althaea rosea</italic> (L.) Cav. (Malvaceae) BCN6470</td><td>Malva reial, vauma, vauma loca</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Alyssum maritimum</italic> (L.) Lam. (Brassicaceae) BCN29622</td><td>Alíssum, caps blancs, escopinya de Crist, flor de gat, herbamel</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tool for agricultural practices<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Repellent</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Amelanchier ovalis</italic> Medik. (Rosaceae) BCN 16410</td><td>Cornier</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ampelodesmos mauritanicus</italic> (Poir.) T.Durand & Schinz (Poaceae) BCN95589</td><td>Càrritx, càrritx femella, càrritx mascle, carritxera</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: undesirable actions<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anacyclus clavatus</italic> (Desf.) Pers. (Asteraceae) BCN31260</td><td>Bòlig</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anacyclus valentinus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29625</td><td>Bòlig</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anagallis arvensis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>arvensis</italic> (Primulaceae) BCN19974</td><td>Borró</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anagyris foetida</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN16938</td><td>Garrover del dimoni</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Other informations: undesirable actions</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anastatica hierochuntica</italic> L. (Brassicaceae) BCN16949</td><td>Rosa de Jericó</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anemone coronaria</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN17399</td><td>Anèmones</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anemone pulsatilla</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN24711</td><td>Flor de Sant Pere</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anethum graveolens</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BCN83632</td><td>Anet</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anthemis arvensis</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BC840033</td><td>Bòlig, sistorna</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anthemis cotula</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29835</td><td>Camamilla borda</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Anthyllis cytisoides</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN20700</td><td>Aubada, botja de cuques</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Antirrhinum majus</italic> L. (Plantaginaceae) BCN46074</td><td>Badocs, boques de conill, conillets, gatets, gossets, gossos, gorges de llop, mamaconills, pets de llop</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>29</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aphyllanthes monspelliensis</italic> L. (Asparagaceae) BCN29627</td><td>Llonzella</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Apium graveolens</italic> L.<break></break>(Apiaceae) BCN46859</td><td>Àpit</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aquilegia vulgaris</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN27253</td><td>Campaneta</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Arachis hypogaea</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN46858</td><td>Cacauet</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Epicarp. Stem</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Araucaria heterophylla</italic> (Salisb.) Franco (Araucariaceae) BCN67780</td><td>Arbre de pisos</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Araujia sericifera</italic> Brot. (Apocynaceae) BCN299975</td><td>Miraguano</td><td>AE</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Textile: textile padding</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Arbutus unedo</italic> L. (Ericaceae) BCN100976</td><td>Arboç, arboça (fruit), arbocera, cirera d'arboç (fruit), llipota (fruit), llipoter</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Fruit. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: forestry<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Arctium minus</italic> (Hill) Bernh. (Asteraceae) BCN31262</td><td>Enganxadora, llapassa, llapissera, gafarró, poltre, repalassa</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Leaf. Inflorescence. Infructescence. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tool for agricultural practices<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Arisarum vulgare</italic> O.Targ.Tozz. (Araceae) BCN95564</td><td>Frare llec, rapa, rapa de frare</td><td>BI</td><td>Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Artemisia abrotanum</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN31263</td><td>Absenta, abrótano macho (Spanish), artemisia, donzell, estragó, shiba (Arabic)</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Artemisia absinthium</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29837</td><td>Absenta, abrótano macho (Spanish), artemisia, encens, donzell, estragó, shiba (Arabic)</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Repellent</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Artemisia arborescens</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29630</td><td>Artemisia, donzell</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tool for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Repellent</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Artemisia dracunculus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN13326</td><td>Estragó</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Artemisia verlotiorum</italic> Lamotte (Asteraceae) BCN29633</td><td>Artemisa, donzell</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Artemisia vulgaris</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN24719</td><td>Altimiris</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Arum italicum</italic> Mill. (Araceae) BCN32356</td><td>Xàrria</td><td>MO</td><td>Spathe</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Arundo donax</italic> L. (Poaceae)<break></break>BCN29825</td><td>Canya, canya de torrent, canya mallorquina, canya verda, canyeta, canyís</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Root. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Domestic: for sewing<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>104</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Asparagus acutifolius</italic> L. (Asparagaceae) BCN29976</td><td>Espàrrec (turion), esparreguera</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Asparagus albus</italic> L. (Asparagaceae) BCN56215</td><td>Espàrrec (turion), esparreguera</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Asparagus horridus</italic> L. (Asparagaceae) BCN103541</td><td>Espàrrec (turion), esparreguera, esparreguera vera</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Asparagus sprengeri</italic> Regel (Asparagaceae) BCN57323</td><td>Esparreguera de jardí</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Asphodelus aestivus</italic> Brot. (Xanthorrhoeaceae) BCN52957</td><td>Albó, asfodel, aubó, caramutxa, coió de porrassa, moneiato de porrassera, porrassa, porrassa femella, porrassera, porassó</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Leaf. Stem. Tuber. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other information: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other information: use not remembered</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aspidistra elatior</italic> Blume (Asparagaceae) BCN104271</td><td>Cossiol de fulla, cossiol de saló, fulla de saló</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aspidosperma polyneuron</italic> Müll.Arg. (Apocynaceae) BCN52088</td><td>Palorosa</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Asplenium trichomanes</italic> L. (Aspleniaceae) BCN24723</td><td>Auredelleta, costella de paret</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Cosmetics</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aster novi-belgii</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN98570</td><td>Setembrina</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Aster pilosus</italic> Willd. (Asteraceae)<break></break>BCN47723</td><td>Octubre</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Astragalus balearicus</italic> Chater (Fabaceae) BCN95554</td><td>Coixinet de monja</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Avena barbata</italic> Pott ex Link (Poaceae) BCN49867</td><td>Cugula, cugula borda, civada borda</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Inflorescence. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Ludic</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Avena sativa</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN32185</td><td>Civada</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Avena sterilis</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN52787</td><td>Cugula, cugula borda, cugula vertadera</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Ludic</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ballota hirsuta</italic> Benth. (Lamiaceae) BCN72714</td><td>Sacramentària</td><td>BI</td><td>Calyx</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Begonia</italic> sp. (Begoniaceae)</td><td>Begònia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Bellis annua</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN61139</td><td>Confitera</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Bellis perennis</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN31264</td><td>Margarida, margarida borda, margaridoia, margarita</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Berberis vulgaris</italic> L. (Berberidaceae) BCN27274</td><td>Berbèlia</td><td>RI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Beta vulgaris</italic> L. subsp. <italic>maritima</italic> (L.) Arcang. (Amaranthaceae) BCN103432</td><td>Bledera salvatge</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Betula pendula</italic> Roth (Betulaceae) BCN29647</td><td>Beç, bedoll</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Bidens tripartita</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN50219</td><td>Pixallits</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Bignonia</italic> sp. (Bignoniaceae)</td><td>Coral</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Borago officinalis</italic> L. (Boraginaceae) BCN68582</td><td>Borraja (Spanish), borratxa</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Bougainvillea</italic> sp. (Nyctaginaceae)</td><td>Boquemvíl·lia</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Brachypodium retusum</italic> (Pers.) P.Beauv. (Poaceae) BCN31265</td><td>Llistó</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Brassica napus</italic> L. (Brassicaceae) BCN24727</td><td>Nap</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Bulb. Root</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Brassica oleracea</italic> L. subsp. <italic>oleracea</italic> (Brassicaceae) BCN32181</td><td>Col</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Briza maxima</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN29648</td><td>Arrecades de la Mare de Déu, belluguets, herbe tremblante French, herba tremoluda</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Briza media</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN29650</td><td>Arrecadetes de la Mare de Déu, bellugadís, belluguets, bellugues, llagrimetes de la Mare de Déu, puces, sempreviva</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Bromus hordeaceus</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN52583</td><td>Cua de mula</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Buxus balearica</italic> Lam. (Buxaceae) BCN21410</td><td>Boix</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Buxus sempervirens</italic> L. (Buxaceae) BCN29843</td><td>Boix, boix de jardí, boj (Spanish), olleta</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Cortical parenchyma. Flower. Fruit. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant.</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>127</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Calendula arvensis</italic> M.Bieb. (Asteraceae) BCN29637</td><td>Llevamà, goig bord, jaumet</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported.Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Calendula officinalis</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29977</td><td>Boixac, bojac, calèndula, galdiró, llevamà, llevamà de jardí, jaumet</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inlforescence. Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Calicotome spinosa</italic> (L.) Link (Fabaceae) BCN29638</td><td>Argelac, argelaga</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Callistephus chinensis</italic> (L.) Ness (Asteraceae) BCN-E249</td><td>Sol coronat</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Calluna vulgaris</italic> (L.) Hull (Ericaceae) BCN29639</td><td>Brossa, bruguerola, xerpó</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Camellia sinensis</italic> (L.) Kuntze (Theaceae) BCN50762</td><td>Te</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Campanula patula</italic> L. (Campanulaceae) BCN29640</td><td>Campaneta</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Campanula persicifolia</italic> L. (Campanulaceae) BCN29641</td><td>Campaneta</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cannabis sativa</italic> L. (Cannabaceae) BCN24735</td><td>Cànem, cànyem, cànyom, gansalla (elaborated product), maria, marihuana</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Other information: ecological information<break></break>Smoking<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Capparis spinosa</italic> L. subsp. <italic>spinosa</italic> (Capparaceae) BCN97808</td><td>Tàpera (flower bud), taperera</td><td>BI</td><td>Floral bud. Whole plant.</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Capsella bursa-pastoris</italic> (L.) Medik. (Brassicaceae) BCN46079</td><td>Pare i fill</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Other informations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Capsicum annuum</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN24737</td><td>Pebre covent, pebre covent (fruit), pebre, pebrera, nyora, pebre vermell, pebrer, pebre de cirereta, pebresser, cirereta picant (fruit), pebre de banyeta (fruit), pebre (fruit)</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Capsicum</italic> sp. (Solanaceae)</td><td>Pebre bord</td><td>BI</td><td>Seed</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Carlina acanthifolia</italic> All. (Asteraceae) BCN24738</td><td>Carlina, carolina</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Carlina acanthifolia</italic> All. subsp. <italic>cynara</italic> (Pourr. ex DC.) Rouy (Asteraceae) BCN46095</td><td>Carlina, carlina angèlica, carlinassa, carolina</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Carlina acaulis</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN32946</td><td>Carlina</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Castanea sativa</italic> Mill. (Fagaceae) BCN29844</td><td>Castanya (fruit), castanyer</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Leaf. Inflorescence. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Catananche caerulea</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29645</td><td>Cigales, pell de serp, pinya de plata</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cedrus atlantica</italic> (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière (Pinaceae) BCN35722</td><td>Cedre</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cedrus libani</italic> A.Rich. (Pinaceae) BCN29978</td><td>Cedre</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Celtis australis</italic> L. (Cannabaceae) BCN29845</td><td>Lledoner, lledroner, lleroner, lledó (fruit), lledró (fruit), lleró (fruit)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Seed. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing</td><td>65</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Centaurea aspera</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN42691</td><td>Bracera, herba de bracera</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Centaurea cyanus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29651</td><td>Blauet, blau, caps blaus, clavell de blat, clavell de Sant Isidre, llums</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Centaurea pectinata</italic> L. subsp. <italic>pectinata</italic> (Asteraceae) BCN43498</td><td>Barbassa, travalera, travarada</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Centranthus ruber</italic> (L.) DC. subsp. <italic>ruber</italic> (Caprifoliaceae) BCN31267</td><td>Rosa d’Espanya</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ceratonia siliqua</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN32177</td><td>Garrofer, garrover, garrofa (fruit)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Fruit. Seed. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cercis siliquastrum</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN51020</td><td>Árbol de la pasión (Spanish), árbol del amor (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ceterach officinarum</italic> Willd. (Aspleniaceae) BCN108285</td><td>Auradella</td><td>MO</td><td>Frond</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chamaerops humilis</italic> L. (Arecaceae) BCN23832</td><td>Bri (leaflet), clin, garballó, garbeó, llatra (elaborated product), margalló, palma, palmito (fruit) (Spanish), pauma, paumera (group of palms), paumissó (fruit), pomera, pomissó (fruit), punissó (fruit)</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Leaf. Leaflet. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration<break></break>Textile: textile padding</td><td>49</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chenopodium ambrosioides</italic> L. (Amaranthaceae) BCN103590</td><td>Te mallorquí</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chlorophytum comosum</italic> (Thunb.) Jacques (Asparagaceae) BC617113</td><td>Cossiol de cintes</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chrysanthemum coronarium</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN95559</td><td>Bòlig, sardonaia</td><td>BI</td><td>Inflorescence</td><td>Ludic</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chrysanthemum frutescens</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN93699</td><td>Margalida</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chrysanthemum segetum</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN31269</td><td>Goit</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Chrysanthemum sinense</italic> Sabine (Asteraceae) BCN129085</td><td>Estranys</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Repellent</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cicer arietinum</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN29659</td><td>Ciuró (seed)</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cichorium endivia</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN46854</td><td>Endívia</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cichorium intybus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29660</td><td>Cama-rotja, cama-roja, masteguera</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cinnamomum camphora</italic> (L.) J.Presl (Lauraceae) BCN50766</td><td>Càmfora (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Bark. Not reported</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: purchased in commerce<break></break>Repellent</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cirsium arvense</italic> (L.) Scop. (Asteraceae) BCN29853</td><td>Calcida</td><td>RI, AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cirsium vulgare</italic> (Savi) Ten. (Asteraceae) BCN E-63</td><td>Card</td><td>MO</td><td>Inflorescence</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cistus albidus</italic> L. (Cistaceae) BCN36672</td><td>Estepa, estepa blanca, estepa d’escurar, estepa rosa</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cistus monspeliensis</italic> L. (Cistaceae) BCN36740</td><td>Estepa blanca, estepa borda, estepa de fulla llarga, estepa negra, mòdega</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Flower. Resin. Stem. Whole plant.</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: toy elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cistus salviifolius</italic> L. (Cistaceae) BCN36767</td><td>Estepa, estepa negra, estepa bona, estepa borrera, esteperola,</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Smoking</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Citrullus lanatus</italic> (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (Cucurbitaceae) BCN29662</td><td>Síndria (fruit), sindriera</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Citrus</italic> ×<italic>aurantium</italic> L. (Rutaceae) BCN46080</td><td>Taronja agra (fruit)</td><td>AE</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Citrus grandis</italic> (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae) BCN52090</td><td>Pomelo (fruit)</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Citrus limon</italic> (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae) BCN46853</td><td>Bergamota (fruit), llimona (fruit), llimoner, llimonera, mandarina (fruit), taronger bord, taronger clementí, taronger mandarí, taronja borda (fruit), taronja de la seca (fruit), taronja de pelar grillons (fruit), taronja de navel (fruit), pomelo (fruit)</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Epicarp. Fruit. Fruit juice. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Citrus paradisi</italic> Macfad. (Rutaceae) BCN-E250</td><td>Pomelo (fruit)</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Citrus sinensis</italic> (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae) BCN24752</td><td>Taronger, taronja (fruit)</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Fruit. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: undesirable actions<break></break>Timber</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cladonia</italic> sp. (Cladoniaceae)</td><td>Herba de la roca, herba roquera, musgo (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Clematis cirrhosa</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN22034</td><td>Vidauba, villauba</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Clematis flammula</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN29856</td><td>Didorta, joanillo, ridolta, ridorta, viadella, vidriella, vidauba</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Stem. Whole plan</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Clematis vitalba</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN29857</td><td>Didorta, llidorta, ridolta, ridorta, vidiella</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Smoking</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cneorum tricoccon</italic> L. (Rutaceae) BCN95567</td><td>Raspall</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Coffea arabica</italic> L. (Rubiaceae) BCN-E-65</td><td>Cafè (seed)</td><td>MO</td><td>Seed</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Coix lacryma-jobi</italic> L. (Poaceae) BC917450</td><td>Llàgrimes de Job, llàgrimes de viu</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Colchicum autumnale</italic> L. subsp. <italic>autumnale</italic> (Liliaceae) BCN45283</td><td>Cabeça</td><td>BI</td><td>Tuber</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Colocasia</italic> sp. (Araceae)</td><td>Colocàsia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Colutea arborescens</italic> L. subsp. <italic>gallica</italic> Browicz (Fabaceae) BCN56002</td><td>Pleps</td><td>MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Conium maculatum</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BCN32171</td><td>Cicuta</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Consolida ajacis</italic> (L.) Schur (Ranunculaceae) BCN60924</td><td>Espuela (Spanish)</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Convallaria majalis</italic> L. (Liliaceae) BCN57362</td><td>Muguet</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Convolvulus arvensis</italic> L. (Convolvulaceae) BCN109798</td><td>Correjola, corretjola, corriola, corritjola</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Coriaria myrtifolia</italic> L. (Coriariaceae) BCN24754</td><td>Rodó, roldor</td><td>RI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Coris monspeliensis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>monspeliensis</italic> (Primulaceae) BCN110450</td><td>Farigola mascle, farigola de pastor, tomanyí</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cornus sanguinea</italic> L. (Cornaceae) BCN29979</td><td>Sanguinyol</td><td>AE</td><td>Sap</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Coronilla scorpioides</italic> K.Koch (Fabaceae) BCN22206</td><td>Herba enamorada</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cortaderia selloana</italic> (Schult. & Schult.f.) Asch. & Graebn. (Poaceae) BCN81361</td><td>Plomalls</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Corylus avellana</italic> L. (Betulaceae) BCN29831</td><td>Avellana (fruit), avellaner, avellaner bord</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Smoking<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Crataegus azarolus</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN14977</td><td>Atzerola (fruit), atzerolera</td><td>BI</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Timber</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Crataegus monogyna</italic> Jacq. (Rosaceae) BCN103563</td><td>Cirerer de pastor, cireretes de pastor (fruit), espinal, espinaler, garganyer</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Crataegus monogyna</italic> Jacq. subsp. <italic>monogyna</italic> (Rosaceae) BCN29858</td><td>Arç, arç blanc, arn, arn blanc</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Crithmum maritimum</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BCN104272</td><td>Fonoll marí</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Crocus sativus</italic> L. (Iridaceae) BCN32170</td><td>Safà</td><td>BI</td><td>Perigonium</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cucumis melo</italic> L. (Cucurbitaceae) BCN46851</td><td>Meló (fruit), moló (fruit), melonera, molonera,</td><td>BI</td><td>Epicarp. Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cucumis sativus</italic> L. (Cucurbitaceae) BCN46850</td><td>Cogombre, pepino (Spanish)</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Cosmetic</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cucurbita pepo</italic> L. (Cucurbitaceae) BCN49858</td><td>Carabassera</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cucurbita pepo</italic> L. var. <italic>oblonga</italic> (Cucurbitaceae) BCN29859</td><td>Carabassó (fruit)</td><td>AE</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Ludic</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cupressus macrocarpa</italic> Hartw. (Cupressaceae) BCN35775</td><td>Ciprer</td><td>BI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Fuel obtaining: firewood</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cupressus sempervirens</italic> L. (Cupressaceae) BCN95563</td><td>Xifrer, xifrer baix, xifrer de fer tallavents, xiprer</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Fruictification. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cuscuta epithymum</italic> (L.) L. (Convolvulaceae) BCN112569</td><td>Tinya</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cydonia oblonga</italic> Mill. (Rosaceae) BCN46849</td><td>Codony (fruit), codonyer</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cynara cardunculus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN56003</td><td>Card gros, carxofera, card coler, card calapoter, carxofera borda, herba-col, presonera, presora</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cynara scolymus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN24760</td><td>Carxofa (inflorescence), carxofera</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tool for agricultural practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cynodon dactylon</italic> (L.) Pers. (Poaceae) BCN24760</td><td>Gram, grama, xerpolla</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cynoglossum creticum</italic> Mill. (Boraginaceae) BCN97779</td><td>Llapassa, llapassera, llapissera</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit. Leaf. Seed. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Smoking</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cyperus alternifolius</italic> L. subsp. <italic>flabelliformis</italic> (Rottb.) M.R.Almeida (Cyperaceae) BCN 16451</td><td>Papiro (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cyperus eragrostis</italic> Lam. (Cyperaceae) BCN61182</td><td>Castanyola, jonc, paraigüet, serrana</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cyperus rotundus</italic> L. (Cyperaceae) BCN39997</td><td>Jonc</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: basketry</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cystoseira amentacea</italic> Bory var. <italic>stricta</italic> Mont. (Cystoseiraceae) BCN-Phyc-6232</td><td>Herba saupera</td><td>BI</td><td>Frond</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cystoseira crinita</italic> Duby (Cystoseiraceae) BCN-Phyc-6233</td><td>Herba corretgera</td><td>BI</td><td>Frond</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cystoseira elegans</italic> Sauv. (Cystoseiraceae) BCN-Phyc-6150</td><td>Herba borda</td><td>BI</td><td>Frond</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Cytinus hypocistis</italic> (L.) L. subsp. macranthus Wettst. (Rafflesiaceae) BCN2224</td><td>Magraneta, magraneta d’esteperol</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Textile: dyer</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dalbergia</italic> sp. (Fabaceae) BCN52091</td><td>Palissandre</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dalhia</italic> sp. (Asteraceae)</td><td>Dàlia, daliera</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Daphne gnidium</italic> L. (Thymelaeaceae) BCN29687</td><td>Matapoll, tei, tintorell</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bark. Root. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Datura stramonium</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN29688</td><td>Castanyer bord, datura borda, estramoni, flor de mort, herba de capseta, herba talpera, herba taupera, matataups, trompetera</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Daucus carota</italic> L. subsp. <italic>carota</italic> (Apiaceae) BCN48714</td><td>Botxa, caps blancs, carrota borda, fonollassa, julivert bord, julivert de galipau, moixos (inflorescence), pastanaga borda, rosella borda</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Not reported</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Delphinium ajacis</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN31271</td><td>Espuela (Spanish)</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dianthus caryophyllus</italic> L. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN31272</td><td>Clavell, clavell blanc, clavell d’hivernacle</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dianthus hyssopifolius</italic> L. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN27299</td><td>Clavell</td><td>RI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dianthus seguieri</italic> Vill. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN24763</td><td>Clavell de muntanya</td><td>RI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dianthus seguieri</italic> Vill. subsp. <italic>requienii</italic> (Godr.) M.Bernal, Laínz & Muñoz Garm. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN22276</td><td>Clavell de bosc, clavellde pastor_</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dianthus</italic> sp. (Caryophyllaceae)</td><td>Clavell, clavell de Sant Jaume</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dianthus pungens</italic> L. subsp. <italic>pungens</italic> (Caryophyllaceae) BCN46087</td><td>Coixinet de monja</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Diospyros ebenum</italic> J.Koenig ex Retz. (Ebenaceae) BCN52092</td><td>Banús</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Diospyros kaki</italic> L.f. (Ebenaceae) BCN52627</td><td>Caqui (fruit), caquier, clequier</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Diplotaxis erucoides</italic> (L.) DC. (Brassicaceae) BCN29861</td><td>Cap blanc, ravenissa</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dipsacus fullonum</italic> L. (Caprifoliaceae) BCN27266</td><td>Assotacristos, card, cardassa, cristos, escardot, escarpidora, escarpido, escarpín</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Inflorescence</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dipsacus fullonum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>fullonum</italic> (Caprifoliaceae) BCN29691</td><td>Cardó, cap de burro</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dorycnium pentaphyllum</italic> Scop. (Fabaceae) BCN103561</td><td>Botxa de cuques, socarrell, tijarell</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dorycnium pentaphyllum</italic> Scop. subsp. <italic>pentaphyllum</italic> (Fabaceae) BCN115631</td><td>Botxa</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Dryopteris filix-mas</italic> (L.) Schott (Dryopteridaceae) BCN29692</td><td>Foguera, foguera de jardí</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Frond. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ecballium elaterium</italic> (L.) A.Rich. (Cucurbitaceae) BCF44970</td><td>Cobrombo silvestre, cogombre bord</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Echinocactus grusonii</italic> Hildm. (Cactaceae) BCN129080</td><td>Seient de sa sogra, grossini</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Echinops ritro</italic> L. subsp. <italic>ritro</italic> (Asteraceae) BCN31273</td><td>Espines blaves</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Emex spinosa</italic> (L.) Campd. (Polygonaceae) BCN13757</td><td>Bledera borda, picatalons</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Epipremnum aureum</italic> (Linden & André) G.S.Bunting (Araceae) BCN129081</td><td>Potos</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Equisetum arvense</italic> L. (Equisetaceae) BCN24767</td><td>Cua de cavall, escuraplata</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Equisetum ramosissimum</italic> Desf. (Equisetaceae) BCN29982</td><td>Coa de cavall, cua de cavall, cua de rata</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Equisetum telmateia</italic> Ehrh. (Equisetaceae) BCN118778</td><td>Coa de cavall, cova de cavall, cua de cavall, sangnua</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Erica arborea</italic> L. (Ericaceae) BCN46081</td><td>Bruc, bruc bouer, bruc femella, bruc de fer escombres, bruc vertader, mascle</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Erica multiflora</italic> L. (Ericaceae) BCN29864</td><td>Bruc, bruc de bou, bruc de llei, bruc mascle, cepell, ciprell, ciprelló, petarrell, xiprell</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Erica scoparia</italic> L. subsp. <italic>scoparia</italic> (Ericaceae) BCN46083</td><td>Bruc, bruc d’escombra, bruc de fer escombres, bruc de llei, bruc femella, bruga,</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Erigeron acer</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN35105</td><td>_</td><td>MO</td><td>Inflorescence</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Eriobotrya japonica</italic> (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae) BCN29695</td><td>Nisprero</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Erodium moschatum</italic> (L.) L’Hér. (Geraniaceae) BCN95590</td><td>Rellotges</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Ludic</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Eryngium bourgatii</italic> Gouan (Apiaceae) BCN24881</td><td>Espinacal blau</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaborations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Eryngium campestre</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BCN31274</td><td>Card, card girgoler, espinacal, espinacalç, espinacs, galabart, panical</td><td>AE, BI MO</td><td>Root. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Eucalyptus globulus</italic> Labill. (Myrtaceae) BCN29696</td><td>Calipto, calistro, calistrero, eucaliptus, eucalitus</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: forestry<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Eupatorium cannabinum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>cannabinum</italic> (Asteraceae) BCN35520</td><td>Altes i mires</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Euphorbia characias</italic> L. subsp. <italic>characias</italic> (Euphorbiaceae) BCN29865</td><td>Lleteresa</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Repellent</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Euphorbia lathyris</italic> L. (Euphorbiaceae) BCN29866</td><td>Cagamuix, herba talpera, herba taupera, herba taupinera</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Latex. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Repellent</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Euphorbia</italic> sp. (Euphorbiaceae)</td><td>Eufòrbia, lletrada, lletrera</td><td>BI</td><td>Latex. Not reported</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: plant oil</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Fagus sylvatica</italic> L. (Fagaceae) BCN46845</td><td>Faig</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Feijoa sellowiana</italic> O.Berg (Myrtaceae) BCN92988</td><td>Feijoa</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ferula communis</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BCN26849</td><td>Canya fèl · lera, canyaferla</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Stem</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ficus carica</italic> L. (Moraceae) BCN24887</td><td>Figa (infructescence), figa flor (infructescence), figó marinenc (infructescence) figuera, lletrada de figuera (latex), pàmpol de figuera</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Bark. Infructescence. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparationsSmoking<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing</td><td>34</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Foeniculum vulgare</italic> Mill. (Apiaceae) BCN95541</td><td>Fonoll</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Foeniculum vulgare</italic> Mill. subsp. <italic>piperitum</italic> (C.Presl) Ball (Apiaceae) BCN29867</td><td>Fonoll</td><td>AE</td><td>Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Fraxinus angustifolia</italic> Vahl (Oleaceae) BCN46844</td><td>Fleix, fleix femella, fleix mascle, freixa, freixe</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Fraxinus excelsior</italic> L. (Oleaceae) BCN29698</td><td>Freixe</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Fuchsia</italic> sp. (Onagraceae)</td><td>Pendientes de la reina (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Fumaria officinalis</italic> L. (Papaveraceae) BCN72725</td><td>Fumaterra</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gaillardia</italic> sp. (Asteraceae)</td><td>Gallàrdia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Galanthus nivalis</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN27249</td><td>Flor de neu, herba de cap blanc, herba de neu, llàgrimes de Sant Josep</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Galium aparine</italic> L. (Rubiaceae) BCN97749</td><td>Rèvola</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Galium verum</italic> L. (Rubiaceae) BCN39982</td><td>Herba de Sant Joan, santjoan</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Genista tricuspidata</italic> Desf. subsp. <italic>sparsiflora</italic> (Ball) Maire (Fabaceae) BCN 95565</td><td>Gatova</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gentiana lutea</italic> L. (Gentianaceae) BCN24893</td><td>Llenciana</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Root</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ginkgo biloba</italic> L. (Ginkgoaceae) BCN62881</td><td>Ginkgo, ginkgo biloba</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gladiolus italicus</italic> Mill. (Iridiaceae) BCN56421</td><td>Espadelles, espasa, espaseta, gladiol, xupes</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gladiolus</italic> sp. (Iridiaceae)</td><td>Gladiol</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gleditsia triachanthos</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN50767</td><td>Escàcia</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Globularia alypum</italic> L. (Globulariaceae) BCN29868</td><td>Cossiada, herba cossiada</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Glycyrrhiza glabra</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN47276</td><td>Regalíssia</td><td>AE</td><td>Root</td><td>Smoking</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gomphocarpus fruticosus</italic> (L.) W.T.Aiton (Asclepiadaceae) BCN29987</td><td>Tintorell</td><td>AE</td><td>Root</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Gossypium</italic> sp. (Malvaceae) BCN51688</td><td>Cotó</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Fruit. Seed hair</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hedera helix</italic> L. (Araliaceae) BCN29869</td><td>Heura</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Helianthus tuberosus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN46069</td><td>Gira-sol de patata, miqueler, nyama, nyàmera, ramon, setembre, trumfa nyama</td><td>AE, BI MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Helichrysum stoechas</italic> (L.) Moench (Asteraceae) BCN29872</td><td>Éternelle (French), flor de Corpus, flor de Sant Joan, perpètua, sempreviva</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Repellent</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Helleborus foetidus</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN32163</td><td>Margívol, marxívol</td><td>MO</td><td>Fruit. Leaf</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Helleborus viridis</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN24899</td><td>Mengívol, marxívol</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Herniaria glabra</italic> L. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN32161</td><td>Herba de cent en grana, santaengrana</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Herniaria hirsuta</italic> L. subsp. <italic>cinerea</italic> (DC.) Cout. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN45660</td><td>Herba de trencapreda, trencapedra</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hibiscus syriacus</italic> L. (Malvaceae) BCN47686</td><td>Altea</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Root. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hippocrepis balearica</italic> Jacq. (Fabaceae) BCN21809</td><td>Viola de penyal, violeta de penyal</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hirschfeldia incana</italic> (L.) Lagr.-Foss. (Brassicaceae) BCN39984</td><td>Ravenissa</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hordeum murinum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>leporinum</italic> (Link) Arcang. (Poaceae) BCN79674</td><td>Cebada (Spanish), fletxa, malta, maragall, ordi</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hordeum vulgare</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN46843</td><td>Ordi</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Howea forsteriana</italic> (F.Muell.) Becc. (Arecaceae) BCN129083</td><td>Quènsia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hoya carnosa</italic> (L.f.) R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae) BCN104268</td><td>Cerera</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hydrangea macrophylla</italic> (Thunb.) Ser. (Hydrangeaceae) BC800370</td><td>Hortènsia</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hydrangea</italic> sp. (Hydrangeaceae)</td><td>Hortènsia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hyoscyamus albus</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN 31277</td><td>Herba de capceta</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Smoking</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hypericum balearicum</italic> L. (Clusiaceae) BCN95574</td><td>Espeta joana</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Hypericum perforatum</italic> L. (Clusiaceae) BCN29874</td><td>Herba de Sant Joan, herba dels set caps, hipèric, hipèricum, trescalam</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: purchased in commerce</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ilex aquifolium</italic> L. (Aquifoliaceae) BCN29876</td><td>Boix grèvol, flor de Nadal, grèvol</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Bark. Resin. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>25</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Inula viscosa</italic> (L.) Aiton (Asteraceae) BCN31279</td><td>Herba de puces, matavinyes, olivarda</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Leaf. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Repellent</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ipomoea batatas</italic> (L.) Lam. (Convolvulaceae) BCN50213</td><td>Monais, moneiato, moniato, moniajo</td><td>BI</td><td>Tuber. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Iris</italic> ×<italic>germanica</italic> L. (Iridaceae) BCN31278</td><td>Lliri, lliri blau, lliri de marge, lliri de Sant Antoni, sords</td><td>AE, MO,RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Iris pseudacorus</italic> L. (Iridaceae) BCN31280</td><td>Lliri de rec</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Jacaranda</italic> sp. (Bignoniaceae)</td><td>Xicaranda</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Jasminum azoricum</italic> L. (Oleaceae) BCN49864</td><td>Jasmí</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Repellent</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Jasminum officinale</italic> L. (Oleaceae) BCN100423</td><td>Bejamí, gessamí, geramí, llessamí</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juglans regia</italic> L. (Juglandaceae) BCN29877</td><td>Anoguer, anou (fruit), noguer, noguera, nou (fruit), nou verda (fruit), nogalina (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Endocarp. Fruit. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>26</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juncus effussus</italic> L. (Juncaceae) BCN39991</td><td>Jonc, jonc marí</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juniperus communis</italic> L. (Cupressaceae) BCN24910</td><td>Ginebre, ginebró, ginebró de jardí, oli de ginebre (elaborated product)</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Fructification. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juniperus communis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>communis</italic> (Cupressaceae) BCN29878</td><td>Ginebre, ginebró</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part. Fruictification. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juniperus oxycedrus</italic> L. (Cupressaceae) BCN29879</td><td>Càdec</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juniperus oxycedrus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>oxycedrus</italic> (Cupressaceae) BCN29879</td><td>Ginebre, ginebró</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruictification. Not reported. Root. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Juniperus phoenicea</italic> L. (Cupressaceae) BCN36078</td><td>Savina, savinó (cone), sivina</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruictification. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Timber</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Koelreuteria paniculata</italic> Laxm. (Sapindaceae) BCN63272</td><td>Saboner</td><td>BI</td><td>Seed</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lagenaria siceraria</italic> (Molina) Standl. (Cucurbitaceae) BCN50212</td><td>Carabassa, catija</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lagurus ovatus</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN31281</td><td>_</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lantana camara</italic> L. (Verbenaceae) BCN 40081</td><td>Bandera espanyola</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lathyrus sativus</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN 50775</td><td>Guixa (fruit)</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Launaea cervicornis</italic> (Boiss.) Font Quer & Rothm. (Asteraceae) BCN88711</td><td>Gatovell</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Laurus nobilis</italic> L. (Lauraceae) BCN29880</td><td>Llaurer, llor, llorer, llort</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Seed. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>49</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavandula angustifolia</italic> Mill. (Lamiaceae) BCN29881</td><td>Espígol, lavanda</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavandula angustifolia</italic> Mill. subsp. <italic>angustifolia</italic> (Lamiaceae) BCN29715</td><td>Barballó, bermelló, espígol, lavanda</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Domestic: air freshener</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavandula dentata</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN24913</td><td>Candelero, colònia, lavanda, gal·landa</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavandula latifolia</italic> Medik. (Lamiaceae) BCN29882</td><td>Barballó, bermelló, espígol, lavanda</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavandula stoechas</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN126622</td><td>Cap d’ase, lavanda, tomanyí</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Smoking</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavandula stoechas</italic> L. subsp. <italic>stoechas</italic> (Lamiaceae) BCN29883</td><td>Timó</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Smoking</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavatera arborea</italic> L. (Malvaceae) BCN95546</td><td>Malva</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lavatera cretica</italic> L. (Malvaceae) BCN44944</td><td>Vauma</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lens culinaris</italic> Medik. (Fabaceae) BCN 29990</td><td>Llentia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Leontodon taraxacoides</italic> Hoppe & Hornsch. (Asteraceae) BCN48777</td><td>Angelets, pixallits</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Leontopodium alpinum</italic> Guss. subsp. <italic>alpinum</italic> (Asteraceae) BCN34286</td><td>Herba de neu</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Leucanthemum vulgare</italic> (Vaill.) Lam (Asteraceae) BCN29721</td><td>Margarida, margarida borda, margarida de camp, margarida de bosc</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Leuzea conifera</italic> (L.) DC. in Lam. & DC. (Asteraceae) BCN29884</td><td>Cigales, nyigo-nyigo, pinya de Sant Joan, polles</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ligustrum vulgare</italic> L. (Oleaceae) BCN24915</td><td>Escanyacabres, olivereta</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lilium candidum</italic> L. (Liliaceae) BCN46841</td><td>Azucena (Spanish), lliri, lliri blanc, lliri blanc de Sant Joan, lliri de Sant Antoni, lliri de Sant Joan</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lilium martagon</italic> L. (Liliaceae) BCN24917</td><td>Consolta, macròlic, marcòlic vermell</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Seedling</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lilium pyrenaicum</italic> Gouan (Liliaceae) BCN24918</td><td>Consolta, consolta groga, marcòlic groc</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Limonium virgatum</italic> (Willd.) Fourr. (Plumbaginaceae) BCN39989</td><td>Patarres</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Limonium vulgare</italic> Mill. subsp. <italic>serotinum</italic> (Rchb.) Gams (Plumbaginaceae) BCN31282</td><td>Patarres</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Linaria cymbalaria</italic> (L.) Mill (Plantaginaceae) BCN29885</td><td>Picardia, setembrina</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Linum usitatissimum</italic> L. (Linaceae) BCN47281</td><td>Lli, llinc, llim, llinosa, oli de llinosa (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported. Seed. Seed oil. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: paint elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Linum usitatissimum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>angustifolia</italic> (Huds.) Thell. (Linaceae) BCN107485</td><td>Herba feridora</td><td>MO</td><td>Seed</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Linum usitatissimum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>usitatissimum</italic> (Linaceae) BCN32155</td><td>Bri (fibre), lli, llinosa</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lippia triphylla</italic> (L’Hér.) O.Kuntze (Verbenaceae) BCN29886</td><td>Herba lluïsa, marialluïsa</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lolium rigidum</italic> Gaudin (Poaceae) BCN31283</td><td>Margai, margall</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lonicera etrusca</italic> Santi (Caprifoliaceae) BCN31285</td><td>Xuclamel</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lonicera implexa</italic> Aiton (Caprifoliaceae) BCN31286</td><td>Mistreres, lligabosc, madreselva (Spanish), mataselva, rotaboc, rotaboig, xuclamel</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lonicera peryclimenum</italic> L. (Caprifoliaceae) BCN26736</td><td>Lligabosc, mareselva</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lophophora williamsii</italic> (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) J.M. Coult. (Cactaceae) BCN129082</td><td>Peyote (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Luffa cylindrica</italic> (L.) M.Roem. (Cucurbitaceae) BCN-E-78</td><td>Carabassera d’esponges, fregall (fruit), fregall de carabassera (endocarp), fregaller</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Endocarp. Fruit. Mesocarp + endocarp</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lunaria annua</italic> L. (Brassicaceae) BCN56009</td><td>Flor de plata</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lunaria annua</italic> L. subsp. <italic>annua</italic> (Brassicaceae) BCN31287</td><td>Flor de plata, medallons, moneda del Papa</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lupinus albus</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN-E-79</td><td>Llobins, tramusset, tramús</td><td>MO</td><td>Seed. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lycopodium clavatum</italic> L. (Lycopodiaceae) BCN31748</td><td>Musgo (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Lygeum spartum</italic> Loefl. ex L. (Poaceae) BCN 27831</td><td>Espart</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Artisanal: basketry</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Magnolia grandiflora</italic> L. (Magnoliaceae) BCN64396</td><td>Magnòlia</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Malva sylvestris</italic> L. (Malvaceae) BCN29889</td><td>Malva, malva de prat, vauma</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mammillaria</italic> sp. (Cactaceae)</td><td>Mamillària</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mandragora autumnalis</italic> Bertol. (Solanaceae) BCN52434</td><td>Mandràgora</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mantisalca salmantica</italic> (L.) Briq. & Cavill. (Asteraceae) BCN24925</td><td>Baleges, cabeçuda, granera</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Marrubium vulgare</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN72729</td><td>Barrombí, malrobí</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Seed</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Matricaria chamomilla</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29890</td><td>Camamilla, camamilla de l’hort, camamilla dolça, mançanilla</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Matthiola sinuata</italic> (L.) R.Br. (Brassicaceae) BCN50218</td><td>Violer</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Medicago sativa</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN29891</td><td>Alfals, aufaus, userda</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Smoking</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Melia azedarach</italic> L. (Meliaceae) BCN97016</td><td>Amèlia, sabonera</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Melilotus sulcatus</italic> Desf. (Fabaceae) BCN27973</td><td>Trèvol de ramellet</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Melissa officinalis</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29731</td><td>Tarongí</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Melissa officinalis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>officinalis</italic> (Lamiaceae) BCN29731</td><td>Tarongina</td><td>AE</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mentha aquatica</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN103554</td><td>Menta d’aigua, menta de cavall</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mentha pulegium</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29895</td><td>Poliol</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mentha</italic> sp. (Lamiaceae)</td><td>Herba-sana, hierba buena (Spanish), menta</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mentha spicata</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29995</td><td>Herba-sana, menta</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mentha</italic> × <italic>piperita</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29997</td><td>Menta piperita, pampalei, piperita, pipermint</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mespilus germanica</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN50768</td><td>Nespla (fruit), nespler, nesplera</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Mirabilis jalapa</italic> L. (Nyctaginaceae) BCN126625</td><td>Buenas noches (Spanish), dama de nit, diegos de nit, noches (Spanish), Juan de noche (Spanish), sanjoans</td><td>MO, RI</td><td></td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Morus alba</italic> L. (Moraceae) BCN52588</td><td>Morer, morera</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Stem</td><td>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Muscari comosum</italic> (L.) Mill. (Asparagaceae) BCN29738</td><td>Calabruix</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Myrtus communis</italic> L. (Myrtaceae) BCN35897</td><td>Multra, multrera, murta, murtera, murtó (fruit)</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: tannery<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Narcissus poeticus</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN47870</td><td>Jonquillo, lliri, lliri blanc, lliri de la Mare de Déu, narcís</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Narcissus pseudonarcissus</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN47849</td><td>Puigestela</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Nepeta cataria</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN24935</td><td>Herba dels moixos, nepeta, nepta</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Nerium oleander</italic> L. (Apocynaceae) BCN46840</td><td>Adelfa (Spanish), baladre</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Repellent</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Nicotiana glauca</italic> Graham (Solanaceae) BCN81462</td><td>Tabac fulla d’espasa</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Smoking</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Nicotiana rustica</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN46839</td><td>Tabac de pota, tabac pota</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Nicotiana tabacum</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN48711</td><td>Caliquenya (elaborated product), tabac, tabac pota, tabaquera</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: purchased in commerce<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ocimum basilicum</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29897</td><td>Alfabaguera, alfàbrega, aufabeguera, albahaca (Spanish), enflàgam</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>52</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Odontites lutea</italic> (L.) Clairv. (Orobanchaceae) BCN73750</td><td>Brancadella</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Olea europaea</italic> L. subsp. <italic>europaea</italic> (Oleaceae) BCN29898</td><td>Oli d’oliva (elaborated product), oliva (fruit), olivera</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Fruit juice. Not reported. Seed fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Fuel obtaining: plant oil<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>82</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Olea europaea</italic> L. subsp. <italic>sylvestris</italic> (Mill.). Lehr. (Oleaceae) BCN46838</td><td>Engís, olivera, olivera borda, ullastre</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Onobrychis supina</italic> (Vill.) DC. (Fabaceae) BCN52589</td><td>Trepadella, trepadella borda</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Onobrychis viciifolia</italic> Scop. (Fabaceae) BCN26745</td><td>Esparceta, trepadella</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ononis spinosa</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN50770</td><td>Gavó</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Fuel obtaining: firewood</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ononis spinosa</italic> L. subsp. <italic>antiquorum</italic> (L.) Briq. (Fabaceae) BCN62318</td><td>Augó, ugó</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Other informations: undesirable actions</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ophrys speculum</italic> Link (Orchidaceae) BCN533</td><td>Orquídia, sabateta de bon Jesús</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaborations</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Opuntia maxima</italic> Mill. (Cactaceae) BCN46078</td><td>Fulla de figa de moro (cladode), fulla de moro, fulla de moro (cladode), fulla de figuera de moro (cladode), figa de moro (fruit), figuera de moro, figuera de pic</td><td>BI</td><td>Cladode. Fruit. Leaf. Leaf juice. Whole plant,</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Origanum majorana</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN95545</td><td>Marduix, morduix, morduixera</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Origanum vulgare</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN24938</td><td>Orenga, clements</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Repellent</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Orobanche crenata</italic> Forsk. (Orobanchaceae) BCN29743</td><td>Frare</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Oryza sativa</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN30000</td><td>Arròs</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bran. Not reported. fruit. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Oryzopsis miliacea</italic> (L.) Asch. & Graebn. (Poaceae) BCN52590</td><td>Fenal no vertader, herba prima</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Osyris alba</italic> L. (Santalaceae) BCN100425</td><td>Assot, ginestra</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Oxalis articulata</italic> Savigny (Oxalidaceae) BCN31290</td><td>Trèvol</td><td>AE</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Oxalis pes-caprae</italic> L. (Oxalidaceae) BCN95553</td><td>Vinagrella, trèvol de jardí</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Paeonia mascula</italic> (L.) Mill. subsp. <italic>cambessedesii</italic> (Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo (Paeoniaceae) BCN64801</td><td>Paloni de boca, peònia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Paliurus spina-christi</italic> Mill. (Rhamnaceae) BCN29902</td><td>Espinavessa</td><td>AE</td><td>Root. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pancratium maritimum</italic> L. (Amaryllidaceae) BCN13292</td><td>Lliri</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Papaver rhoeas</italic> L. (Papaveraceae) BCN29903</td><td>Coquelicot (French), gall, gall-gallaret, gallaret, gallito (Spanish), quiquiriquic, roella, rogella, rosella, rosella de camp, rovella</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Corolla. Floral bud. Flower. Fruit. Whole plant.</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>29</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Papaver somniferum</italic> L. (Papaveraceae) BCN24941</td><td>Cascall, dormidera (Spanish)</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Papaver somniferum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>setigerum</italic> (DC.) Arcang. (Papaveraceae) BCN46071</td><td>Cascall, cascai, dormidera (Spanish), roella</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Fruit. Latex. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Papaver somniferum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>somniferum</italic> (Papaveraceae) BCN126627</td><td>Cascall, dormidera (Spanish), herba queixalera</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Paradisea liliastrum</italic> (L.) Bertol. (Liliaceae) BCN27270</td><td>Lliri blanc</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Parietaria officinalis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>judaica</italic> (L.) Bég. (Urticaceae) BCN29745</td><td>Cama-roja, herba mollera, molla roquera, mollera, mollera roquera, mollerusa, morella, morella roquera, morera roquera, roca mollera, parietària</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Passiflora caerulea</italic> L. (Passifloraceae) BCN29747</td><td>Claus de l’infern, passiflora</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pelargonium capitatum</italic> (L.) L’Hér. (Geraninaceae) BCN72719</td><td>Gerani d’olor, vauma rosa</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pelargonium</italic> sp. (Geraniaceae).</td><td>Gerani</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Petroselinum crispum</italic> (Mill.) Fuss (Apiaceae) BCN29905</td><td>Julivert</td><td>AE, BI RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phagnalon saxatile</italic> (L.) Cass. (Asteraceae) BCN95555</td><td>Herba de capxerigany</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phaseolus vulgaris</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN46837</td><td>Mongeta, mongeta seca</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Seed. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Ludic</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Philadelphus coronarius</italic> L. (Hydrangeaceae) BCN27261</td><td>Xeringuilla, xeringuillo</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phillyrea angustifolia</italic> L. (Oleaceae) BCN126631</td><td>Mat, mata</td><td>MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phlomis italica</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN64879</td><td>Estepa blenera</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Not reported</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phoenix canariensis</italic> Chabaud (Arecaceae) BCN23835</td><td>Fasser, dàtil (fruit), palmera, paumera</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic> L. (Arecaceae) BCN51783</td><td>Fasser, dàtil (fruit), palmera, pauma, paumera</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf, Thorn. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phragmites australis</italic> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) BCN88033</td><td>Canyet, canyisso</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phyllitis scolopendrium</italic> (L.) Newman (Aspleniaceae) BCN29906</td><td>Herba melsera, melsera</td><td>MO</td><td>Frond</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phyllostachys aurea</italic> Rivière & C.Rivière (Poaceae) BCN30002</td><td>Canya americana, canya de bambú, canya forastera, bambú</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phyllostachys flexuosa</italic> Rivière & C.Rivière (Poaceae) BCN30001</td><td>Canya americana negra</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Physalis alkekengi</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN31293</td><td>Alquequengi, bossa, bossa vermella, fanalet, pebrot</td><td>AE, RI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Phytolacca americana</italic> L. (Phytolaccaceae) BCN81961</td><td>Fitolaca</td><td>MO</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Picea abies</italic> (L.) H.Karst. (Pinaceae) BCN36717</td><td>Avet, pivet</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Picris hieracioides</italic> Sibth. & Sm. (Asteraceae) BCN49161</td><td>Gafallosa, pedaç</td><td>MO</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Ludic</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pimpinella anisum</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BCN47278</td><td>Matafaluga</td><td>AE</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Domestic: air freshener</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pinus halepensis</italic> Mill. (Pinaceae) BCN29826</td><td>Pi, pi bord, pinya (cone), reïna (resin)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Bark. Leaf. Not reported. Resin. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: forestry<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: instrument elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: tannery<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>51</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pinus pinaster</italic> Aiton (Pinaceae) BCN36559</td><td>Pi, pi bord, pi gallec, pinastre</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pinus pinea</italic> L. (Pinaceae) BCN26751</td><td>Pi, pi de llei, pi pinyer, pi pinyoner, pinyó (seed)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bark. Leaf. Seed. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pinus</italic> sp. (Pinaceae)</td><td>Pi, pinya (cone), reïna, trementina (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Bark, Flower. Leaf. Resin. Stem. Whole plant. Cortical parenchyma</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: forestry<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking<break></break>Textile: dyer</td><td>26</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pinus sylvestris</italic> L. (Pinaceae) BCN46070</td><td>Pi, pi bord, pi rajolet, pi roig, trementina (elaborated product), pega (elaborated product), pega negra (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Cone. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Piper nigrum</italic> L. (Piperaceae) BCN47277</td><td>Prebe bo, prebe bo blanc, prebe negre</td><td>BI</td><td>Seed</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pistacia lentiscus</italic> L. (Anacardiaceae) BCN29907</td><td>Llentriscle, llentrisca, mat, mata, triquell</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit juice. Leaf. Not reported. Resin. Stem.</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Timber</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pistacia terebinthus</italic> L. (Anacardiaceae) BCN30004</td><td>Noguerola</td><td>AE</td><td>Resin</td><td>Domestic: paint elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pistacia vera</italic> L. (Anacardiaceae) BCN-E-87</td><td>Pistatxo</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pisum sativum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>sativum</italic> (Fabaceae) BCN32140</td><td>Estiragassó, pèsol, xítxero</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Plantago afra</italic> L. (Plantaginaceae) BCN 95568</td><td>Herba de puça</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Seed</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Plantago coronopus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>coronopus</italic> (Plantaginaceae) BCN29908</td><td>Cua de rata</td><td>AE</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Plantago lagopus</italic> L. (Plantaginaceae) BCN98975</td><td>Herba de cinc venes</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Plantago lanceolata</italic> L. (Plantaginaceae) BCN24949</td><td>Herba de cinc venes, llantén (Spanish), plantatge, plantatge de fulla estreta, plantatge estret, plantatge llarg, plantago</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Plantago major</italic> L. (Plantaginaceae) BCN24950</td><td>Llantén (Spanish), plantatge, plantatge ample, plantatge rodó</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Platanus</italic> ×<italic>hispanica</italic> Mill. ex Münchh. (Platanaceae) BCN31294</td><td>Plàtan, plataner, platero</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bark. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Plectanthus</italic> sp. (Lamiaceae)</td><td>Encens, planta dels doblers</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Poinsettia pulcherrima</italic> (Wild.) Graham (Euphorbiaceae) BCN48713</td><td>Nadala</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Polygonatum odoratum</italic> (Mill.) Druce (Liliaceae) BCN56044</td><td>Arracadetes</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Polygonum aviculare</italic> L. (Polygonaceae) BCN32136</td><td>Estiravelles, triavella, traspassacamins</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Polypodium vulgare</italic> L. (Polypodiaceae) BCN32134</td><td>Falzia, foguera borda, herba de les gallines, herba felera</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Frond. Not reported</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Polystichum setiferum</italic> (Forssk.) Moore ex Woyn. (Dryopteridaceae) BCN126634</td><td>Foguera, foguera de jardí, foguera mosquera</td><td>MO</td><td>Frond</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Populus alba</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN29751</td><td>Arbre, arbre poll de fusta blanca, alba, arbre blanc</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Timber</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Populus nigra</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN29753</td><td>Arbre canadà, arbre poll de fulla fosca, arbre poll, poll, polla, pollancre, pollangre</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Populus</italic> sp. (Salicaceae)</td><td>Poll, pollancre</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Populus tremula</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN46836</td><td>Trèmol</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Timber</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Populus</italic> × <italic>canadensis</italic> Moench (Salicaceae) BCN126637</td><td>Poll, polla, pollancre bordil</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Portulaca oleracea</italic> L. (Portulacaceae) BCN46835</td><td>Enciam de patena, verdelaga, verdolaga</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Posidonia oceanica</italic> (L.) Delile (Posidoniaceae) BCN103134</td><td>Alga, bolla de la mar (decomposed stem and leaf), posidònia</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Textile: textile padding</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Potentilla reptans</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN29754</td><td>Gram corquim</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Primula veris</italic> L. (Primulaceae) BCN27280</td><td>Cucuts</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Primula veris</italic> L. subsp. <italic>columnae</italic> (Ten.) Maire & Petitm. (Primulaceae) BCN29755</td><td>Puput</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunella grandiflora</italic> (L.) Scholler (Lamiaceae) BCN24956</td><td>Herba del traïdor, xuclaabella</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunella grandiflora</italic> (L.) Scholler subsp. <italic>pyrenaica</italic> (Gren. & Godr.) A. & O.Bolòs (Lamiaceae) BCN29757</td><td>Herba de la mel, xuclamel</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunella vulgaris</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29759</td><td>Herba del traïdor</td><td>AE</td><td>Flower</td><td>Smoking</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus armeniaca</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN48712</td><td>Albercoc (fruit), albercoquer</td><td>BI</td><td>Endocarp. Fruit. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus avium</italic> (L.) L. (Rosaceae) BCN29827</td><td>Cirera (fruit), cirerer</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Resin. Seed. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus avium</italic> (L.) L. var. <italic>sylvestris</italic> Dierb. (Rosaceae) BCN60586</td><td>Cirerer</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus domestica</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN46834</td><td>Pruna (fruit), prunera</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus dulcis</italic> (Mill.) D.A.Webb. (Rosaceae) BCN46833</td><td>Ametla (fruit), ametler, ametller</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Endocarp. Epicarp. Flower. Fruit. Fruit juice. Mesocarp. Resin. Seed. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>43</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus persica</italic> (L.) Batsch (Rosaceae) BCN52783</td><td>Melicotó (fruit), melicotoner, préssec (fruit), presseguer</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Prunus spinosa</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN126640</td><td>Aranyoner, arç negre, prunyoner</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pseudotsuga menziesii</italic> (Mirb.) Franco (Pinaceae) BCN36632</td><td>Douglas, pi Douglas</td><td>MO</td><td>Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Timber</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Psoralea bituminosa</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN32133</td><td>Cabrulla, calabrunya</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pteridium aquilinum</italic> (L.) Kuhn (Dennstaedtiaceae) BCN46068</td><td>Falguera, falguera de Lluc, helecho (Spanish), mata falguera</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Frond. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>34</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Punica granatum</italic> L. (Lythraceae) BCN29764</td><td>Magrana (fruit), magraner</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Textile: dyer</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pyracantha coccinea</italic> M.Roem. (Rosaceae) BCN52591</td><td>Cartegus</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pyrus communis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>communis</italic> (Rosaceae) BCN46831</td><td>Pera (fruit), perera</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pyrus malus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>malus</italic> (Rosaceae) BCN24961</td><td>Pomera borda</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Pyrus malus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>mitis</italic> (Wallr.) O.Bolòs & J.Vigo (Rosaceae) BCN46830</td><td>Poma (fruit), poma bellesa de Roma (fruit), poma de bosc (fruit), poma del ciri (fruit), poma estarqui (fruit), poma fadrineta (fruit), poma goldén (fruit), poma manyaga (fruit), poma reneta (fruit), pomera, pomera borda, vinagre de poma (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus alba</italic> L. (Fagaceae) BCN60896</td><td>Roure americà</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus coccifera</italic> L. subsp. <italic>coccifera</italic> (Fagaceae) BCN29765</td><td>Garric, garriga, garrolla</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus humilis</italic> Mill. (Fagaceae) BCN32132</td><td>Roure</td><td>MO</td><td>Gall. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Timber</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus ilex</italic> L. (Fagaceae) BCN24963</td><td>Aglà (fruit), alzina, aulina</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Bark. Flower. Leaf. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal<break></break>Artisanal: tannery<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus ilex</italic> L. subsp. <italic>ilex</italic> (Fagaceae) BCN29932</td><td>Aglà (fruit), alzina, roure</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Bark. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing</td><td>52</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus petraea</italic> (Matt.) Liebl. (Fagaceae) BCN29829</td><td>Aglà (fruit), alzina, roure, roure francès, roure hongarès</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Fruit. Gall. Stem. Whole plant. Cortical parenchyma</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus pubescens</italic> Willd. (Fagaceae) BCN30007</td><td>Roure</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Quercus suber</italic> L. (Fagaceae) BCN46829</td><td>Alzina surera, suro</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Bark</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Textile: textile padding</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ranunculus asiaticus</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN65283</td><td>Francesilla</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Raphanus raphanistrum</italic> L. (Brassicaceae) BCN30042</td><td>Ravenissa</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Raphia</italic> sp. (Arecaceae)</td><td>Ràfia</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Artisanal: basketry</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rhamnus alaternus</italic> L. (Rhamnaceae) BCN29769</td><td>Aladern, llampúdol, llampudoler, mata</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rhamnus ludovici-salvatoris</italic> Chodat (Rhamnaceae) BCN30057</td><td>Aladern, llampúdol</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rhododendron ferrugineum</italic> L. (Ericaceae) BCN24969</td><td>Gafet, neret</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ricinus communis</italic> L. (Euphorbiaceae) BCN46089</td><td>Cagamutxo, oli de ricí (elaborated product), recino (Spanish), resiner, ricino (Spanish)</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Seed. Seed oil</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: purchased in commerce</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Robinia pseudoacacia</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN31298</td><td>Acàcia, escàcia</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Flower. Not reported. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum</italic> (L.) Hyek (Brassicaceae) BCN29771</td><td>Créixec, creixen, créixol, créssec</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosa alba</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN400041</td><td>Roser blanc</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosa canina</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN29772</td><td>Gavarrera, roser bord, roser de bosc, roser de pastor, roser silvestre</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: smoking pipe elaboration<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosa gallica</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN24972</td><td>Roser, roser de marge</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosa</italic> sp. (Rosaceae)</td><td>Roser, roser de jardí</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Corolla. Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological informations</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosa tomentosa</italic> Sm. (Rosaceae) BCN24973</td><td>Grataculs, roser, roser bord, roser de bosc</td><td>RI</td><td>Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosa centifolia</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN126648</td><td>Roser, roser de marge</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rosmarinus officinalis</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29937</td><td>Romaní</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>43</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rubus ulmifolius</italic> Schott (Rosaceae) BCN32130</td><td>Barder, batzer, móra (fruit), romeguer, romeguera</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant. Young shoot</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rumex acetosa</italic> L. subsp. <italic>acetosa</italic> (Polygonaceae) BCN29775</td><td>Llengua de bou</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rumex crispus</italic> L. (Polygonaceae) BCN126650</td><td>Cama-roja, paradella, Santa Maria, vinagrella</td><td>MO</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Rumex</italic> sp. (Polygonaceae)</td><td>Llengua de bou</td><td>RI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ruscus aculeatus</italic> L. (Asparagaceae) BCN29939</td><td>Bolleta del bon pastor, bolleta de Nadal, boix marí, cirerer de Betlem, gallaranc, galzeran</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ruta chalepensis</italic> L. (Rutaceae) BCN29940</td><td>Abrecaminos (Spanish), ruda</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties<break></break>Repellent</td><td>37</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ruta chalepensis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>chalepensis</italic> (Rutaceae) BCN32128</td><td>Ruda</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ruta graveolens</italic> L. (Rutaceae) BCN29776</td><td>Ruda</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Saccharum officinarum</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN50771</td><td>Canya de sucre, canyamel, melassa (elaborated product)</td><td>BI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix alba</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN29777</td><td>Saula, saule</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix alba</italic> L. subsp. <italic>alba</italic> (Salicaceae) BCN56012</td><td>Saula, saule, sàlic</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Flower. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix atrocinerea</italic> Brot. (Salicaceae) BCN39996</td><td>Gatell</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix babylonica</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN50772</td><td>Desmai</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix caprea</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN46073</td><td>Gat saule, gatells, salze, saule</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix cinerea</italic> L. subsp. <italic>oleifolia</italic> Macreight (Salicaceae) BCN126656</td><td>Gatell</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Timber</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix elaeagnos</italic> Scop. subsp. <italic>angustifolia</italic> (Cariot) Rech.f. (Salicaceae) BCN31304</td><td>Salits, salitres, sàlix, sarga, vergatera</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: basketry</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salix</italic> ×<italic>fragilis</italic> L. (Salicaceae) BCN31305</td><td>Saula, saule, salze dels vims, saula vimera, vim, vimenera, vímet</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Ludic</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salsola kali</italic> L. subsp. <italic>ruthenica</italic> (Iljin) Soó (Amaranthaceae) BCN42985</td><td>Saleret, sosa</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: paint elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salsola soda</italic> L. (Amaranthaceae) BCN42984</td><td>Saleret</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Domestic: paint elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salsola vermiculata</italic> L. (Amaranthaceae) BCN83712</td><td>Barrilla, barrillera</td><td>BI</td><td>Not reported</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salvia microphylla</italic> Kunth (Lamiaceae) BCN126657</td><td>Gessamí, menta, menta de la reina, menta piperita, menta romana, menta trapassera, ormí, senyorida</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salvia officinalis</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN95591</td><td>Salvi, sàlvia</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salvia officinalis</italic> L. subsp. <italic>lavandulifolia</italic> (Vahl) Gams (Lamiaceae) BCN1674</td><td>Sàlvia, sàlvia femella, sàlvia mascle</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salvia</italic> sp. (Lamiaceae)</td><td>Sàlvia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological informations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Salvia verbenaca</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29942</td><td>Tàrrec, tàrrega</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Leaf. Not reported</td><td>Smoking</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sambucus nigra</italic> L. (Adoxaceae) BCN29943</td><td>Sabuc, sabuquer, saüc, saüquer</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Flower. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Santolina chamaecyparissus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN31526</td><td>Camamilla de botó, camamilla de botó groc, camamilla de l’hort, espernallac</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Santolina chamaecyparissus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>chamaecyparissus</italic> (Asteraceae) BCN29782</td><td>Camamilla, camamilla de muntanya</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Santolina chamaecyparissus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>magonica</italic> O.Bolòs & al. (Asteraceae) BCN-E-186</td><td>Camamil · la</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Saponaria officinalis</italic> L. (Caryophyllaceae) BCN29783</td><td>Herba del sabó, herba ensabonera, herba sabonera, sabó, sabó de gitana</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sarothamnus arboreus</italic> (Desf.) Webb subsp. <italic>catalaunicu</italic>s (Webb) C.Vic (Fabaceae) BCN29784</td><td>Ginesta borda, ginestell, ginestó</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sarothamnus scoparius</italic> (L.) Wimm. ex Koch (Fabaceae) BCN24988</td><td>Ginesta, ginesta prima, ginestell, gódua, lliroia</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Satureja calamintha</italic> (L.) Scheele (Lamiaceae) BCN109263</td><td>Menta borda, rementerola</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower. Leaf</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Satureja calamintha</italic> (L.) Scheele subsp. <italic>glandulosa</italic> (Req.) Gams (Lamiaceae) BCN29785</td><td>Clements</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Satureja hortensis</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29945</td><td>Senyorida</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Saxifraga longifolia</italic> Lapeyr. (Saxifragaceae) BCN54656</td><td>Corona de rei</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Saxifraga vayredana</italic> Luizet (Saxifragaceae) BCN95599</td><td>Herba de Sant Segimon</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Smoking</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Scabiosa atropurpurea</italic> L. (Dipsacaceae) BCN29947</td><td>Escabiosa, escabriosa, escapiosa, herba escapriosa</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Schefflera arborea</italic> (L.) M.Gómez (Araliaceae) BCN129084</td><td>Xeflera</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Schinus molle</italic> L. (Anacardiaceae) BCN46086</td><td>Pebre verd</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Scirpus holoschoenus</italic> L. (Cyperaceae) BCN29789</td><td>Jonc</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration</td><td>42</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Scolymus hispanicus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN30008</td><td>Card cadalina, card catalina, card de carxofa, card de cadernina, card cadernina, card verd</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Scrophularia nodosa</italic> L. (Scrophulariaceae) BCN3762</td><td>Setge</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Secale cereale</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN27243</td><td>Secle, sègol</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sechium edule</italic> (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) BC114504</td><td>Tayote (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sedum dasyphyllum</italic> L. (Crassulaceae) BCN24994</td><td>Arròs de paret</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sedum rupestre</italic> L. (Crassulaceae) BCN29791</td><td>Mort-i-viu</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sedum sediforme</italic> (Jacq.) Pau (Crassulaceae) BCN29792</td><td>Arròs, crespinell, mort-i-viu, pinet, raïm de galàpet, raïm de llop</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sedum telephium</italic> L. (Crassulaceae) BCN24995</td><td>Matafoc</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaborations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sedum telephium</italic> L. subsp. <italic>maximum</italic> (Crassulaceae) BCN32123</td><td>Bàlsam, bàlsam de fulla, bàlsam de jardí, fava de jardí, fava grassa</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sempervirum arachnoideum</italic> L. (Crassulaceae) BCN26422</td><td>Vel de núvia</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sempervirum tectorum</italic> L. (Crassulaceae) BCN24997</td><td>Apagafoc, consolva, herba de les cremades, matafoc, pinya de foc, sempervívum</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Senecio inaequidens</italic> DC. (Asteraceae) BCN31309</td><td>Seneci del Cap</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sequoiadenderon giganteum</italic> (Lindl.) J.Buchholz (Taxodiaceae) BCN27276</td><td>Sequoia</td><td>RI</td><td>Bark</td><td>Ludic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Setaria viridis</italic> (L.) Beauv. (Poaceae) BCN52592</td><td>Cua de mula, panissola, pèl de boc, xerreix, xerreix bord</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sideritis</italic> cf. <italic>sventenii</italic> (Kunkel) Mend.-Heu (Lamiaceae) BCN29957</td><td>_</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Silene vulgaris</italic> (Moench) Garcke (Caryophyllaceae) BCN29948</td><td>Colís, colitx, colleja (Spanish), culivells, esclafidor, petapetó</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Silene vulgaris</italic> (Moench) Garcke subsp. <italic>vulgaris</italic> (Caryophyllaceae) BCN25001</td><td>Corretjola, esclafidor, pet</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Ludic</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sinapis alba</italic> L. (Brassicaceae) BCN50358</td><td>Mostassa</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Repellent</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Smilax aspera</italic> L. (Smilacaceae) BCN21151</td><td>Aríjol, aritja, sarsaparrilla</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Root. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Textile: textile padding</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Smyrnium olusatrum</italic> L. (Apiaceae) BNC95551</td><td>Aleixandre, aleixandri</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Solanum linnaeanum</italic> Hepper & P.-M.L.Jaeger (Solanaceae) BCN2553</td><td>Metzinera, poma del desert</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Solanum lycopersicum</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN29952</td><td>Domàtiga (fruit), domatiguera, tomata (fruit), tomatera, tomàtiga (fruit), tomatiguera,</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Fruit. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Solanum melongena</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN25004</td><td>Albergínia (fruit), alberginiera</td><td>BI</td><td>Fruit. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Smoking</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Solanum tuberosum</italic> L. (Solanaceae) BCN29797</td><td>Patata (tuber), patatera</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Leaf. Stem. Tuber. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Smoking</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sonchus oleraceus</italic> (L.) L. (Asteraceae) BCN29953</td><td>Allitsó, allitsó vertader, alitxó, aritsó, lletsó, lletxó, llitsó, llitxó</td><td>BI</td><td>Latex. Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sonchus tenerrimus</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29954</td><td>Aletxó, llitsó bord</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sorbus aucuparia</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN25009</td><td>Moixera</td><td>RI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sorbus domestica</italic> L. (Rosaceae) BCN46827</td><td>Serva (fruit), server, servera</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sorghum bicolor</italic> (L.) Moench (Poaceae) BCN31310</td><td>Melca</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Sorghum halepense</italic> (L.) Pers. (Poaceae) BCN44695</td><td>Canyota</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Spartium junceum</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN29956</td><td>Ginesta, ginesta de llei, ginesta vera, ginestera</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations</td><td>27</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Spinacia oleracea</italic> L. (Amaranthaceae) BCN46077</td><td>Espinac</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Stachys byzantina</italic> K.Koch (Lamiaceae) BCN126667</td><td>Bàlsam, bàlsam de tall, bàlsam pelut, herba peluda, orella de conill</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Stipa tenacissima</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN46091</td><td>Clin, espart</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Textile: textile padding<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Syringa vulgaris</italic> L. (Oleaceae) BCN29959</td><td>Lilà</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Syzygium aromaticum</italic> (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry (Myrtaceae) BCN47279</td><td>Clau, clau d’olor</td><td>BI</td><td>Floral bud</td><td>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Repellent</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tamarix canariensis</italic> Willd. (Tamariaceae) BCN43378</td><td>Tamariu</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tanacetum corymbosum</italic> (L.) Sch.Bip. (Asteraceae) BCN31918</td><td>_</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tanacetum parthenium</italic> (L.) Sch.Bip. (Asteraceae) BCN25014</td><td>Camamilla amargant, camamiglla borda, camamilla de Sòria, camamilla purgant, camamil · la de jardí, botonets</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tanacetum vulgare</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN29803</td><td>Danarida, tanaceto (Spanish), tanarida</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Repellent</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Taraxacum officinale</italic> Weber in Wiggers (Asteraceae) BCN25015</td><td>Angelets, dent de lleó, herba queixalera, lleones, llums, màstecs bords, paraigües, pixacà, pixaconills, pixallits, puputs, queixal de llop, xicoina</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Inflorescence. Fruit. Whole plant</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Taxus baccata</italic> L. (Taxaceae) BCN25017</td><td>Teix, quiner</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aril. Cortical parenchyma. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Teucrium capitatum</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN43441</td><td>Herba de Sant Ponç, mançanella</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Teucrium chamaedrys</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BC806359</td><td>Auladella, betera</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Teucrium chamaedrys</italic> L. subsp. <italic>pinnatifidum</italic> (Sennen) Rech.f. (Lamiaceae) BCN126671</td><td>Brutònica</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Teucrium marum</italic> L. subsp. <italic>subspinosum</italic> (Pourr. ex Willd.) O.Bolòs, Molin. & P.Monts. (Lamiaceae) BCN66404</td><td>Auladella, beteta, coixinet de monja, eixorba-rates, herba beteta, herba de Sant Ponç, poniol</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Teucrium polium</italic> L. subsp. <italic>capitatum</italic> (L.) Arcang. (Lamiaceae) BCN103557</td><td>Auladella, beteta, coixinet de monja, eixorba-rates, herba beteta, herba de Sant Ponç, poniol</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Teucrium polium</italic> L. subsp. <italic>polium</italic> (Lamiaceae) BCN32116</td><td>Timó, timolet, timonet</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Thapsia villosa</italic> L. subsp. <italic>villosa</italic> (Apiaceae) BCN39998</td><td>Julivert de cavall</td><td>AE</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Thymbra capitata</italic> (L.) Cav. (Lamiaceae) BCN72716</td><td>Frígola</td><td>BI</td><td>Leaf</td><td>Domestic: for help at home</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Thymus vulgaris</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29961</td><td>Farigola, frigola, tem, tomillo (Spanish)</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Flower</td><td>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: air freshener<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Thymus vulgaris</italic> L. subsp. <italic>vulgaris</italic> (Lamiaceae) BCN44665</td><td>Farigola</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Folk oral literature</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tilia cordata</italic> Mill. (Malvaceae) BCN26784</td><td>Til · lo</td><td>BI</td><td>Bract with flower</td><td>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tilia platyphyllos</italic> Scop. (Malvaceae) BCN25024</td><td>Flor de tei, tell, til · la</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tilia</italic> sp. (Malvaceae)</td><td>Til · la</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Other informations: use not remembered</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tillandsia</italic> sp. (Bromeliaceae)</td><td>Clavell de l’aire</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tradescantia albiflora</italic> Kunth. (Commelinaceae) BCN49624</td><td>_</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tribulus terrestris</italic> L. (Zygophyllaceae) BCN45017</td><td>Picatalons</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Trichocereus pachanoi</italic> Britton & Rose (Cactaceae) BCN129086</td><td>Dompedro (Spanish), sampedro (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: appreciations on plant or product properties</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Trifolium</italic> sp. (Fabaceae)</td><td>Trèvol</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Fuel obtaining: charcoal<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Triticum aestivum</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN29963</td><td>Blat, segó</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Bran. Not reported. Fruit. Spike. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for fishing<break></break>Artisanal: footwear elaboration<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Other informations: collections and/or selling<break></break>Other informations: use not rememberd</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Trollius europaeus</italic> L. (Ranunculaceae) BCN27267</td><td>Cloclou, flor de Sant Pere, rovell d’ou</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tropaeolum majus</italic> L. (Tropaeolaceae) BCN46429</td><td>Canari, caputxina</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tulbaghia</italic> sp. (Amaryllidaceae)</td><td>Tulbàgia</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Repellent</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Tulipa</italic> sp. (Liliaceae)</td><td>Tulipán (Spanish)</td><td>BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Typha angustifolia</italic> L. (Typhaceae) BCN23969</td><td>Boga, bova</td><td>BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Typha angustifolia</italic> L. subsp. <italic>australis</italic> (Schumach.) Kronf. (Typhaceae) BCN51627</td><td>Bova</td><td>BI</td><td>Stem</td><td>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Textile</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Typha latifolia</italic> L. (Typhaceae) BCN31314</td><td>Balca, boga, bova</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Flower. Leaf. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: basketry<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ulex parviflorus</italic> Pourr. subsp. <italic>parviflorus</italic> (Fabaceae) BCN30011</td><td>Argelac, argentina</td><td>AE</td><td>Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ulmus minor</italic> Mill. (Ulmaceae) BCN29813</td><td>Om</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Bark. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Artisanal: cookware elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration<break></break>Timber<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing<break></break>Timber: wheeled vehicles manufacturing<break></break>Timber: furniture manufacturing<break></break>Timber: construction materials production</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Urginea maritima</italic> (L.) Baker (Asparagaceae) BCN58049</td><td>Ceba marina, ceba marinera</td><td>BI</td><td>Bulb. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Repellent</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Urtica dioica</italic> L. (Urticaceae) BCN25030</td><td>Ortiga</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Urtica membranacea</italic> Poir. ex Savigny (Urticaceae) BCN95578</td><td>Ortiga</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Other informations</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Urtica</italic> sp. (Urticaceae)</td><td>Ortiga</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: undesirable actions<break></break>Repellent</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Urtica urens</italic> L. (Urticaceae) BCN29966</td><td>Estrígol, ortiga</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Not reported. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Other informations: undesirable actions<break></break>Repellent</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Valeriana officinalis</italic> L. (Caprifoliaceae) BCN29816</td><td>Valedriana, valeriana</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Root</td><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Verbascum pulverulentum</italic> Vill. (Scrophulariaceae) BCN25035</td><td>Herba ploranera, torpa</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: weeds<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Verbascum sinuatum</italic> L. (Scrophulariaceae) BCN29967</td><td>Trepó, tripó</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Root. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: broom elaboration<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Verbascum</italic> sp. (Scrophulariaceae)</td><td>Croca, cua de guilla, trepó</td><td>BI, RI,</td><td>Aerial part. Leaf. Not reported. Whole plant</td><td>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Verbascum thapsus</italic> L. (Scrophulariaceae) BCN63299</td><td>Porpra, trepó</td><td>MO</td><td>Flower</td><td>Cosmetic</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Verbascum thapsus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>montanum</italic> (Schard.) Bon (Scrophulariaceae) BCN39651</td><td>Candeler, trepó</td><td>BI</td><td>Flower. Leaf</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viburnum lantana</italic> L. (Adoxaceae) BCN27281</td><td>Cartellatge, tortellatge</td><td>AE, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Artisanal: cane elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viburnum opulus</italic> L. (Adoxaceae) BCN126683</td><td>Bola de neu, mató, pompa</td><td>MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viburnum opulus</italic> L. var. <italic>roseum</italic> Aiton (Adoxaceae) BCN27254</td><td>Mató</td><td>RI</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viburnum tinus</italic> L. subsp. <italic>tinus</italic> (Adoxaceae) BCN126681</td><td>Marfull</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vicia cracca</italic> L. subsp. <italic>gerardii</italic> (W.D.J. Koch) Briq. (Fabaceae) BCN126685</td><td>Llegum, veça</td><td>MO</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vicia faba</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN49339</td><td>Fava (fruit/seed), favera, favó (seed), llegum</td><td>BI, RI</td><td>Fruit. Seed. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: honey obtaining<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: harvesting and/or selling</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vicia sativa</italic> L. (Fabaceae) BCN95569</td><td>Veça</td><td>BI</td><td>Young shoot</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vicia sativa</italic> L. subsp. <italic>sativa</italic> (Fabaceae) BCN-E-93</td><td>Veça</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vicia villosa</italic> Roth (Fabaceae) BCF46443</td><td>Veça</td><td>MO</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vinca difformis</italic> Pourr. (Apocynaceae) BCN52597</td><td>Blincaperblinca, proenga, pruenga, vinca, vincapervinca</td><td>BI, MO, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Folk oral literature<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Other informations: ecological information</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vinca major</italic> L. (Apocynaceae) BCN25039</td><td>Flor de Pasqua, vinca, vincapervinca</td><td>AE, RI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viola alba</italic> Besser (Violaceae) BCN27286</td><td>Violetes</td><td>RI</td><td>Flower</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viola alba</italic> Besser. subsp. <italic>dehnhardtii</italic> (Ten.) W.Becker (Violaceae) BCN31316</td><td>Viola, viola petita</td><td>AE</td><td>Aerial part</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Viscum album</italic> L. (Santalaceae) BCN46085</td><td>Gui (French), muérdago (Spanish), ramillo de la suerte (Spanish), vesc</td><td>AE, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Resin. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: for hunting<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vitex agnus-castus</italic> L. (Lamiaceae) BCN29820</td><td>Alís d’olor, aloc, barda, ximbla</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Flower. Latex. Stem</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: use not remembered<break></break>Repellent</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Vitis vinifera</italic> L. (Vitacaeae) BCN29972</td><td>Cep, pansa (dried fruit), tòria (branch), parra, raïm (fruit), raïmera, rem (fruit), vi (elaborated product), vinagre (elaborated product)</td><td>AE, BI, RI</td><td>Fruit juice. Leaf. Fruit peduncle Stem. Whole plant.</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Agrosilvopastoral management: for pig slaughter<break></break>Cosmetic<break></break>Domestic: for help at home<break></break>Folk oral literature<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: gardening<break></break>Other informations: excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations<break></break>Repellent<break></break>Smoking</td><td>35</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Wisteria sinensis</italic> (Sims) Sweet (Fabaceae) BCN30014</td><td>Glicina</td><td>AE, BI</td><td>Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Zantedeschia aethiopica</italic> (L.) Spreng. (Araceae) BCN104895</td><td>Lliri</td><td>BI</td><td>Aerial part. Whole plant</td><td>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Zea mays</italic> L. (Poaceae) BCN29830</td><td>Blat de les Índies, blat de moro, cabellet (style and stigma), maís</td><td>AE, BI, MO, RI</td><td>Bract, Epicarp, Fruit. Infructescence. Not reported. Fruit. Stem. Spike. Styles and stigmas. Whole plant. Rachis</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: agricultural/horticultural<break></break>Fuel obtaining: firewood<break></break>Ludic<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Smoking<break></break>Textile: dyer<break></break>Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration<break></break>Textile: textile padding<break></break>Other informations</td><td>27</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Zinnia elegans</italic> L. (Asteraceae) BCN69604</td><td>Rascamoño (Spanish), rosa mística</td><td>BI</td><td>Inflorescence. Whole plant</td><td>Agrosilvopastoral management: tools for agricultural practices<break></break>Ornamental: bouquet elaboration<break></break>Ornamental: gardening</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><italic>Ziziphus jujuba</italic> L. (Rhamnaceae) BCN29822</td><td>Gíjol (fruit), ginjoler</td><td>AE, BI, MO</td><td>Aerial part. Fruit. Stem. Whole plant</td><td>Artisanal: musical instrument elaboration<break></break>Magic and religious beliefs and practices<break></break>Other informations: ecological information<break></break>Timber: boat manufacturing</td><td>11</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></p></sec><sec id="Sec7"><title>Statistical methods</title><p>All calculations were carried out using Excel (Microsoft Excel 2007) and the program XLSTAT (v. 2007.5, Addinsoft SARL) was used to carry out the Chi-square test in order to check the statistical differences in the use categories among the four studied territories.</p></sec></sec><sec id="Sec8" sec-type="discussion"><title>Results and discussion</title><sec id="Sec9"><title>General data</title><p>The 769 informants reported 401 genera (34 of the taxa reported have only been determined to the generic level), 552 species, 81 subspecies and four varieties, belonging to 122 families. The taxa collected, their folk names and uses, the territories where they are recorded, the parts of plants employed and their use frequency are presented in Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref>, placed as an appendix. The number of taxa with such information is high. Just to compare with the same geographical areas, 334 species are reported in a paper on medicinal plants (AE, [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR30">30</xref>]), which is representative of other territories, a figure higher than in other areas and not simply additive, since a high number of taxa are repeated in different areas, and 97 species were recorded in a work on ethnoveterinary in four out of the five territories here considered [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR31">31</xref>]. This supports the argument to consider the non-food and non-medicinal folk plant uses as not secondary or residual at all. The number of use reports (hereinafter UR) confirms this, being also elevated (4137 in total, cf. Table <xref rid="Tab2" ref-type="table">2</xref> for their distribution in the geographical areas and Table <xref rid="Tab3" ref-type="table">3</xref> for its repartition for use categories).<table-wrap id="Tab2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Use reports in the studied areas</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th>Area</th><th>Use reports</th><th>Use reports/inhabitant</th><th>Use reports/informant</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Catalonia (CA)<sup>a</sup></td><td>2335</td><td>0.0086</td><td>4.58</td></tr><tr><td>Alt Empordà (AE)</td><td>1014</td><td>0.0072</td><td>5.70</td></tr><tr><td>Montseny (MO)</td><td>942</td><td>0.0090</td><td>5.48</td></tr><tr><td>Ripollès (RI)</td><td>379</td><td>0.0147</td><td>2.37</td></tr><tr><td>Balearic Islands (BI)<sup>a</sup></td><td>1802</td><td>0.0021</td><td>6.96</td></tr><tr><td>Formentera (FO)</td><td>87</td><td>0.0075</td><td>3.63</td></tr><tr><td>Mallorca (MA)</td><td>1715</td><td>0.0020</td><td>7.30</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL</td><td>4137</td><td>0.0036</td><td>5.38</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><p><sup>a</sup>Catalonia includes Alt Empordà, Montseny and Ripollès and Balearic Islands include Formentera and Mallorca</p></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="Tab3"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Use categories considered and number of reports of each one in the territories studied</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th>Use categories</th><th>AE</th><th>BI</th><th>MO</th><th>RI</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Agrosilvopastoral management</td><td>135</td><td>284</td><td>159</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td>Artisanal</td><td>250</td><td>157</td><td>96</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td>Cosmetic</td><td>26</td><td>78</td><td>9</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>Domestic</td><td>77</td><td>113</td><td>63</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>Folk oral literature</td><td>16</td><td>106</td><td>64</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>Fuel obtaining</td><td>16</td><td>58</td><td>27</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Ludic</td><td>40</td><td>64</td><td>117</td><td>26</td></tr><tr><td>Magic and religious beliefs and practices</td><td>128</td><td>116</td><td>105</td><td>72</td></tr><tr><td>Ornamental</td><td>135</td><td>193</td><td>201</td><td>117</td></tr><tr><td>Other informations</td><td>79</td><td>383</td><td>13</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Repellents</td><td>20</td><td>95</td><td>3</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>Smoking plant</td><td>24</td><td>18</td><td>19</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Textile</td><td>25</td><td>58</td><td>1</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Timber</td><td>43</td><td>79</td><td>65</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL</td><td>1014</td><td>1802</td><td>942</td><td>379</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><p><italic>AE</italic> Alt Empordà, <italic>BI</italic> Balearic Islands (comprising here Formentera and Mallorca), <italic>MO</italic> Montseny, <italic>RI</italic> Ripollès</p></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></p><p>To name the specific and infraspecific taxa the informants provided 1303 Catalan popular names, including whole plants and parts of plant, especially fruits and seeds, and elaborated products. This figure would be the equivalent to a mean of more than two names per plant, and roughly approaches the 5 % of the ca. 35,000 Catalan plant names (of folk and other provenances) recently collected [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR32">32</xref>], the quantity and diversity of names accounting too for the vitality of the knowledge of plants with these other uses. Additionally, the informants indicated 37 Spanish, four French and one Arabic names to refer to the plants reported.</p></sec><sec id="Sec10"><title>Use categories</title><p>Table <xref rid="Tab3" ref-type="table">3</xref> presents the 14 categories (which are equally present for all territories in our database to avoid comparison) of non-food and non-medicinal uses in which we have classified all data collected. Some examples and comments on specific uses are provided in this and in other epigraphs of this paper (e.g., most reported taxa or persistence of uses), and the detail of all uses collected can be found in Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref>.</p><p>The category “other informations” is a miscellaneous one to hold sparse knowledge not attributable to the established categories. This big group of information comprises 509 use reports from a total 4137, meaning ca. 12 % of all reports, but includes a very numerous and diverse cases, for which we have established the following subgrouping: ecological information, undesirable actions, purchased in commerce, harvesting and/or selling, excipient or adjuvant in medicinal or food preparations, product appreciations. We also attributed the category of other information to the cases in which the informants declared that they knew that a plant was useful, but they did not remember for what (use not remembered); we maintain this category (related, as the whole paper, to non-food and non-medicinal uses) as an evocation of knowledge that used to be solid, but has declined and is almost forgotten now.</p><p>Some big categories comprise several activities. Agrosilvopastoral: agricultural/horticultural, for pig slaughter, honey obtaining, for fishing, for hunting, forestry tools for agricultural practices, weeds. Artisanal: elaboration of canes, shoes, brooms, kitchen implements, musical instruments, baskets and similar objects, fibres, smoking paper, tobacco pipes and other instruments, as well as hide tanning. Domestic: household help, air fresheners, paint elaboration, help in sewing. Textile: fibre or cloth elaboration, textile padding, dyer. Timber: elaboration of furniture, boats and wheeled vehicles, obtention of building material.</p><p>With this, and irrespective of our grouping, made for the sake of concision, thus, the number of subcategories (including categories with no subcategories) would reach 46, showing a big coverage of different fields. The most common large use categories, in terms of number of use reports, are ornamental (646 use reports), agrosilvopastoral management (600), artisanal (534), and magic and religious beliefs and practices (421). For statistical purposes we used the main or big categories, since for many of the subcategories there are not enough use reports to allow a statistical treatment.</p><p>The first two of these categories have direct links with the rural society, which has been prevalent in all the studied territories until recent times and is still important, irrespective of the intervening socioeconomic changes. Plants used in agricultural and livestock raising tasks have been and many of them continue to be utilised (see the subheading on persistence of uses). Many local handicrafts and objects for domestic uses were and are elaborated. Many kinds of baskets (Fig. <xref rid="Fig2" ref-type="fig">2</xref>), spoons and other kitchen implements, often made with <italic>Buxus sempervirens</italic> L. wood, or broom (Fig. <xref rid="Fig2" ref-type="fig">2</xref>; made with species such as <italic>Buxus sempervirens</italic>, <italic>Erica scoparia</italic> L., <italic>Mantisalca salmantica</italic> (L.) Briq. et Cavill. and <italic>Sarothamnus scoparius</italic> (L.) W.D.J.Koch -two of them with the specific epithet alluding to this object, suggesting the antiquity and relevance of this tradition-) were mentioned. The uses comprised in these two categories are also among the commonest in other European areas [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR11">11</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR13">13</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR14">14</xref>]. Moreover, handicraft elaboration has been reported as one of the most relevant uses in distant areas as well, e.g., [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR33">33</xref>]. Indeed, some uses belonging to other categories are also linked with rural activities. This is the case, among others, of using <italic>Datura stramonium</italic> L. as a repellent for moles, which can damage plant cultures.<fig id="Fig2"><label>Fig. 2</label><caption><p>Examples of basketry and broom elaboration in the territories considered: a. Formentera, <italic>Lygeum spartum</italic>; b. Mallorca, <italic>Chamaerops humilis</italic>; c. Formentera, <italic>Juniperus phoenicea</italic>, <italic>Pinus halepensis</italic>; d. Montseny, <italic>Erica scoparia</italic></p></caption><graphic xlink:href="13002_2016_97_Fig2_HTML" id="MO2"></graphic></fig></p><p>The third group of uses is very common as well, since all human groups have influences of religious and/or magic beliefs. Protective plants (see the subheading on persistence of uses), or ritual ones (e.g., <italic>Laurus nobilis</italic> L., <italic>Olea europaea</italic> L. and <italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic> L., which are blessed in Christian Easter feasts, Fig. <xref rid="Fig3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>) exemplify this group of uses.<fig id="Fig3"><label>Fig. 3</label><caption><p>Examples of artisanal, domestic and magicoreligous uses in the territories considered: a. Mallorca, <italic>Olea europaea</italic>; b. Alt Empordà, <italic>Laurus nobilis, Phoenix dactylifera</italic>; c. Alt Empordà, <italic>Arundo donax</italic>; d. Mallorca, <italic>Chamaerops humilis</italic>; e. Ripollès, <italic>Lunaria annua</italic></p></caption><graphic xlink:href="13002_2016_97_Fig3_HTML" id="MO3"></graphic></fig></p><p>Finally, the category of ornamental plants is also universal, both in rural and urban areas, both with living or cut plants, and both for indoor and outdoor spaces. This group of uses involves classical, large-scale cultivated plants (such as <italic>Rosa</italic> sp. cultivars), but a large number of wild plants as well, such as, among many others (see Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref>), <italic>Lunaria annua</italic> L. (Fig. <xref rid="Fig3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>), with the aerial parts with fruiting septa of which bouquets are prepared. Many ornamental plants also have other uses; amongst them, medicinal is not rare, and in some cases the medicinal application used to be important and has decreased, but the ornamental use persists (such as, for example, in <italic>Lilium candidum</italic> L.). Decorative uses are very dynamic. The ancient traditions in this field coexist with recently adopted ones, such as using <italic>Poinsettia pulcherrima</italic> (Willd.) Graham toghether with the classical <italic>Ruscus aculeatus</italic> L. for home ornamentation at Christmas (Fig. <xref rid="Fig4" ref-type="fig">4</xref>).<fig id="Fig4"><label>Fig. 4</label><caption><p>Examples of artisanal, domestic and magicoreligous uses in the territories considered: a. Alt Empordà, <italic>Pinus pinea</italic>; b. Alt Empordà, several species, among which <italic>Dianthus caryophyllus</italic>, <italic>Malva sylvestris</italic>, <italic>Rosa</italic> sp., <italic>Spartium junceum</italic> and <italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>; c. Alt Empordà, <italic>Ziziphus jujuba</italic>; d. Montseny, <italic>Ruscus aculeatus</italic>; e. Montseny, <italic>Poinsettia pulcherrima</italic>; f. Ripollès, <italic>Carlina acanthifolia</italic> subsp. <italic>cynara</italic></p></caption><graphic xlink:href="13002_2016_97_Fig4_HTML" id="MO4"></graphic></fig></p></sec><sec id="Sec11"><title>Most reported taxa</title><p>The five most reported families in the whole studied area are Poaceae (301 UR; 7.28 %), Lamiaceae (293 UR; 7.08 %), Asteraceae (290 UR; 7.01 %), Rosaceae (186 UR; 4.50 %) and Oleaceae (181 UR; 4.38 %). All these families, except the last one, are big in terms of number of taxa and are importantly represented worldwide and, in particular, in the Mediterranean region, to which the territories considered belong. This would agree with the assessment that plant taxa common or well-represented in one area are more accessible to its inhabitants and, so, most likely used there [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR34">34</xref>]. Three of these families, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Rosaceae, are almost always dominant in ethnobotanical works conducted in the Catalan cultural area and in other western Mediterranean countries (see, for instance, [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR35">35</xref>] for a Catalan territory and [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR36">36</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR37">37</xref>] for non-Catalan areas, and references contained in these papers) even if those works are focused on food and medicinal plants and the present one on other uses. The coincidence is also important (four out of the five main families of the present paper) even with work conducted in several eastern Mediterranean areas [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR14">14</xref>]. In contrast, the family Oleaceae is not very numerous in taxa, but it reached a very high number of UR mostly due to the relevance and versatility of uses of <italic>Olea europaea</italic> (including, but not only, olive oil, utilised for many different purposes) in all Mediterranean territories. The family Poaceae is not included among the most reported in the above-quoted ethnobotanical works on food and medicinal plants, but is, again, a very large one and with some prominent plants in the kind of uses here studied. <italic>Arundo donax</italic> L. is particularly significant in this sense. This allochthonous plant, acclimated from ancient times in the areas studied, has many uses, mostly linked to agricultural practices (Fig. <xref rid="Fig3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>), in three of the territories (AE in Catalonia and both from BI), which account for many UR.</p><p>The five most cited species in the different regions studied are presented in Table <xref rid="Tab4" ref-type="table">4</xref>. Again, <italic>Olea europaea</italic> is present in the top plants list, being the most reported one in the Balearic areas considered and in one of the Catalonian territories (altogether, and logically, in the most strict Mediterranean areas among those studied) for the reasons stated in the last paragraph. The coincidence of <italic>Buxus sempervirens</italic> as highly quoted in the three Catalonian territories responds, apart from its popularity due to the high quality of its wood, to the existence of Eurosiberian zones in these continental areas, and to its practical or total absence from Balearic ones. Conversely, <italic>Chamaerops humilis</italic> (Figs. <xref rid="Fig2" ref-type="fig">2</xref> and <xref rid="Fig3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>), much more present in the Balearic areas considered, and scarce or inexistent in the Catalonian ones, is, not surprisingly, highly reported in the former. Most quoted taxa are quite different from those leading the lists of top plants for medicinal or food uses in the areas considered ([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR28">28</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR38">38</xref>] and references therein), with the exception of <italic>Olea europaea</italic>, which also plays a relevant role in the mentioned fields.<table-wrap id="Tab4"><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Data on use reports of the most quoted plants in the territories studied</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th>Territory/Plant species</th><th>Number of use reports in each territory</th><th>Percentage of use reports in each territory</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Alt Empordà</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Olea europaea</italic> L. (including both subsp. <italic>europaea</italic> and subsp. <italic>sylvestris</italic> (Mill.) Hegi)</td><td>44</td><td>4.34</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Arundo donax</italic> L.</td><td>40</td><td>3.94</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Erica arborea</italic> L.</td><td>39</td><td>3.85</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Celtis australis</italic> L.</td><td>29</td><td>2.86</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Buxus sempervirens</italic> L.</td><td>28</td><td>2.76</td></tr><tr><td>Ripollès</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Buxus sempervirens</italic></td><td>28</td><td>7.39</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Carlina acanthifolia</italic> (Pourr. ex DC.) Rouy</td><td>14</td><td>3.69</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Sarothamnus scoparius</italic> L.</td><td>13</td><td>3.43</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Syringa vulgaris</italic> L.</td><td>12</td><td>3.17</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Pinus sylvestris</italic> L.</td><td>9</td><td>2.37</td></tr><tr><td>Montseny</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><italic> Buxus sempervirens</italic></td><td>69</td><td>7.11</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Erica scoparia</italic> L.</td><td>30</td><td>3.18</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Helichrysum stoechas</italic> (L.) Moench.</td><td>29</td><td>3.08</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Pteridium aquilinum</italic> (L.) Kuhn</td><td>24</td><td>2.55</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Quercus ilex</italic> L. and <italic>Scirpus holoschoenus</italic> L., <italic>ex aequo</italic></td><td>20</td><td>2.12</td></tr><tr><td>Balearic Islands (Mallorca and Formentera)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Olea europaea</italic> L. (including both subsp. <italic>europaea</italic> and subsp. <italic>sylvestris</italic>)</td><td>80</td><td>4.44</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Arundo donax</italic></td><td>57</td><td>3.16</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Ocimum basilicum</italic> L.</td><td>47</td><td>2.61</td></tr><tr><td><italic> Chamaerops humilis</italic> L.</td><td>46</td><td>2.55</td></tr><tr><td>
<italic>Pinus halepensis</italic> Mill. and <italic>Prunus dulcis</italic> (Mill.) D.A.Webb., <italic>ex aequo</italic></td><td>41</td><td>2.28</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></p></sec><sec id="Sec12"><title>Parts of plants</title><p>The use categories object of the present paper being very diverse, almost all plant parts (and the whole plants as well) are used.</p><p>Stem (1156 UR; 27.94 %), aerial part -constituted either by all the aboveground part of the plant or by leaves and flowers together, with the stem or branch portions sustaining them- (785 UR; 18.98 %), flower (including inflorescence and flower, 337 UR; 8.15 %) and leaf (295 UR; 7.13 %) have been the most reported plant parts. Frequently, the whole plant is also used (869 UR; 21.01 %). Sometimes, the aerial part and the whole plant have constituted indistinguishable categories. The high number of use reports attributed to the stem is due to large and diverse kinds of artisanal uses, wood products and fuel.</p></sec><sec id="Sec13"><title>Comparison between the territories studied</title><p>As stated when addressing the most recorded taxa, the territories studied share a language and culture, but differ in ecogeographical characteristics. For these comparative purposes we have put together both Balearic territories, since Formentera’s dataset is not big enough to be taken into consideration.</p><p>Chi-square test showed there was an association between use categories and territories (χ<sup>2</sup> = 846.306, d.f. = 39, <italic>P</italic> < 0.0001). Particularly, the presence of continental and insular areas leads us to suppose some differences in ethnoflora applications, possibly due to differences both in flora and in traditions. Indeed, there is also a significant difference in the use categories between continental and insular territories (χ<sup>2</sup> = 485.037, d.f. = 13, <italic>P</italic> < 0.0001), confirming this geographical effect.</p><p>We present in Fig. <xref rid="Fig5" ref-type="fig">5</xref> the degree of coincidence in plants used in the five regions considered. Whereas the number of coincident species among three territories ranges from 43 (Balearic Islands, Montseny and Ripollès) to 76 (Alt Empordà, Balearic Islands and Montseny), this decreases to 34 when we analyse the intersection of the four areas included in this study. In any case, we believe that the amount of plants used for non-medicinal and non-food aims in all areas is rather high. These plants with a larger geographical reach are usually cosmopolitan species used in daily life in the territories of Catalan culture, such as <italic>Fagus sylvatica</italic> L., <italic>Laurus nobilis</italic>, <italic>Malva sylvestris</italic> L., <italic>Olea europaea</italic>, <italic>Papaver rhoeas</italic> L., <italic>Ruscus aculeatus</italic>, and <italic>Spartium junceum</italic> L. (Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref>).<fig id="Fig5"><label>Fig. 5</label><caption><p>Venn’s diagram showing the number of uses in each territory considered and the coincidences among them. AE: Alt Empordà; BI: Balearic Isands; Mo: Montseny; RI: Ripollès</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="13002_2016_97_Fig5_HTML" id="MO5"></graphic></fig></p></sec><sec id="Sec14"><title>Reliability of uses recorded</title><p>As already stated, the uses here reported are divided in a large number of categories. Irrespective of this dispersion, which is logical, since we consider here all traditional plant uses apart from food and medicinal ones, we think it is necessary to evaluate the degree of reliability of the information provided by the interviewees on these uses. A first, simple approach to this is considering the frequency of uses (see Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref> for plants and Table <xref rid="Tab3" ref-type="table">3</xref> for use categories). According to several authors [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR33">33</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR39">39</xref>], a use could be considered reliable if it is quoted by at least three independent informants. In most cases both the plants and the uses have been quoted by more (usually many more) than three informants.</p><p>A finer approach is provided by the informant consensus factor (F<sub>IC</sub>; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR40">40</xref>]), defined as the number of UR minus the number of taxa divided by the number on UR minus 1. This index reflects the reliability of ethnobotanical information considering the coincidence of the informants in the same uses to be attributed to the same plants. The closer F<sub>IC</sub> is to its maximum value, 1, the more consistent -thus, the more reliable- are the folk plant uses considered in the area studied. The general F<sub>IC</sub> value in this study is 0.87 and those for the two big geographical areas concerned (Catalonia and Balearic Islands) are coincidental, 0.82. To our knowledge, this is the first, or one of the very rare times, that F<sub>IC</sub> is calculated for uses other than medicinal and food ones. The absolute values can be considered rather high. Comparatively, they are higher than those calculated for medicinal uses in two Mexican and one Indian areas (ranging from 0.75 to 0.79; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR41">41</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR43">43</xref>]). This means that other uses in the territories here studied are slightly more coincidental than medicinal uses in places where folk use of medicinal plants is highly practiced and considered, suggesting a high consistency and reliability of the information collected. The F<sub>IC</sub> values here presented are very close (although in a few cases slightly lower) to those obtained for food and medicinal plant uses in the areas object of study ([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR31">31</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CR35">35</xref>], and references therein). This testifies for the robustness of the dataset collected, confirming the relevance of these other uses of plants for the human populations practicing them.</p></sec><sec id="Sec15"><title>Persistence and consideration of non-food and non-medicinal folk plant uses</title><p>If indices such as F<sub>IC</sub> permit a quantitative assessment of the non-food and non-medicinal popular plant uses, the interviews performed with a big number of informants in the five studied areas allow us to qualitatively evaluate their current situation as well. Our aprioristic idea was that, in an industrialised society, these uses, most of them not directly linked to wellness and hardly related to rural life, would be residual and not much considered, at least in part due to the processes of acculturation and erosion of traditional knowledge. Nevertheless, once considered in detail the definitely high amount of information collected, we believe that these uses are (at least still) not so marginal. We contribute here some reflections on this subject with different possibilities for the uses considered, illustrated with a few examples, and more similar conclusions may be deduced by considering the information of Table <xref rid="Tab1" ref-type="table">1</xref>.</p><p>Undoubtedly, some of these uses have declined, in some cases nearly or completely until extinction. We can note in this category some artisanal works and most traditions linked to religious and/or magic beliefs. For instance galoshes (Fig. <xref rid="Fig4" ref-type="fig">4</xref>), for which the wood of several trees was employed, are no longer in use in agropastoral tasks (so, they are no longer fabricated), but the informants who used to employ them and those who used to elaborate them (one of our informants was one of the last artisans who elaborated galoshes in Catalonia, until 1980) precisely remember the details of their use and had often brought into the house some pieces as decorative elements with an added value. In the Catalan society, the same degree as in the Netherlands -where galoshes have become an identitary element, with, additionally, a big implication in merchandising and trade- has not been reached, but nowadays the few people who know how to fabricate them are often required in popular feasts to show off their former trade. Indeed, courses or workshops on these and other subjects related with traditional plant uses (e.g., dyeing) are frequently organised. Similarly, carpets elaborated with vegetal elements are no longer used in religious processions (simply because these processions do not exist currently), but in some localities in two of the areas studied (Alt Empordà, Montseny) the carpets continue to be prepared every year in the context of a popular feast (Fig. <xref rid="Fig4" ref-type="fig">4</xref>). In other cases, such as the elaboration of matrasses with <italic>Zea mays</italic> L. inflorescence bracts or that of sheets with <italic>Cannabis sativa</italic> L. fibres, the uses have been completely abandoned.</p><p>Even in some trades that are declining, a certain degree of vitality persists: the elaboration of musical instruments for the orchestra (named <italic>cobla</italic>) that plays typical Catalan dances (called <italic>sardana</italic>) and for other kind of traditional musical events, importantly involving <italic>Ziziphus jujuba</italic> Mill. (Fig. <xref rid="Fig4" ref-type="fig">4</xref>) continues to be alive, even if their artisans must have another profession to make a living.</p><p>Apart from these declining uses, some other persist almost to the same extent as always. These are uses linked to everyday life mostly in rural areas, such as those related to agricultural practices (in homegardens or elsewhere), e.g., tutoring some cultivated plants (Fig. <xref rid="Fig3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>). Another kind of folk plant knowledge to persist is that related to ludic aspects, including oral literature. People continue to play with plants and to use sayings and proverbs involving the vegetal world (even to inventing new ones). Additionally, some plant uses directly linked to commercial issues have also a high degree of persistence, such as those related to basketry (Fig. <xref rid="Fig1" ref-type="fig">1</xref>) or Christmas/New Year decoration (Fig. <xref rid="Fig4" ref-type="fig">4</xref>).</p><p>Finally, some popular traditions linked to plants are still in use, but have changed in some senses. As an example, some plants are hung in or near the doors of many rural houses (especially in mountain areas), as was commonly done since time immemorial, such as <italic>Carlina acanthifolia</italic> (Fig. <xref rid="Fig4" ref-type="fig">4</xref>). Nevertheless, no one believes nowadays (even if many people did a few decades ago) that these plants are protective for people and animals in the house. In this case, these plants now play a decorative role, with the associated interest that people know that this current use derives from a quite different ancient one. The basket elaboration mentioned in the last paragraph and similar activities, such as some related to textile, dyeing and handicraft issues, have also experienced, at least to some extent, this change. In past times, baskets, carpets, blankets, forks, spoons and other objects were elaborated with plant material simply for their use within the house, but now most such pieces produced are addressed to decorative and touristic purposes, comporting some commercial revenues.</p></sec></sec><sec id="Sec16"><title>Conclusions</title><p>The important number of species claimed to be used (552, with 4137 use reports) by the 769 informants interviewed in the territories studied for the purposes comprised in this paper show that popular knowledge on plants goes far beyond food and medicinal applications, which had been the most traditionally studied in ethnobotanical surveys, probably because they are the most apparent and the most preserved plant utilisations. This means that a large and diverse panoply of traditional uses, which are apparently secondary in our industrialised societies, such as examples as different as basket elaboration and oral literature, remains active and, when this is not so, appreciated and remembered by people.</p><p>To summarize, we believe that the data in this study show that a robust set of knowledge and practices in the field of non-food and non-medicinal plant uses persists in the European industrialised area studied, indicating that these utilisations of plants, which to date have been the object of scarce attention in ethnobotanical research, are relevant -we would say fully necessary- for a complete life, even in a modern society and even if they are not directly related to health issues. Additionally, and not forcibly negatively, although this means a reorientation in the tradition, some changes in popular uses (mostly those related to handicrafts) currently imply a certain complementary income for some people and may represent a potential for future commercial activities with economic significance in rural communities.</p><p>Further ethnobotanical studies in this currently still rather neglected field are encouraged in order to compile an important part of natural and cultural heritage not sufficiently considered up to now, and to assess what actions are needed to preserve this knowledge, particularly in cases of dangerously declining real current practice.</p></sec><sec id="Sec17"><title>Abbreviations</title><p>AE, Alt Empordà district; BC, Herbarium of Botanical Institute of Barcelona; BCN, Herbarium of the Centre de Documentació de Biodiversitat Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona; BI, Balearic Islands; CA, Catalonia; F<sub>IC</sub>, Informant consensus factor; FO, Formentera island; MA, Mallorca island; MO, Montseny massif; RI, Ripollès district; UR, Use reports</p></sec></body><back><ack><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>We thank all the informants for having shared with us their time and their in-depth knowledge on biodiversity use and management. We are grateful to Samuel Pyke (Jardí Botànic de Barcelona) for his improvement of the English language, to Rosa Trigell (Blommor Floristes) for plant material supply and to Josep Vicens (Universitat de Barcelona) for his help in herbarium material management. EC and AG benefited from predoctoral contracts of the Spanish ministries in charge of education. This research has been partially funded by the municipal council of Figueres (IX Beca de recerca “Ciutat de Figueres”), the Catalan government (projects 2009SGR439, 2009ACOM00012, 2009ACOM00013 and 2014SGR514) and the Spanish government (project CSO2014-59704-P).</p><sec id="FPar1"><title>Funding</title><p>See acknowledgements</p></sec><sec id="FPar2"><title>Availability of data and materials</title><p>Not applicable</p></sec><sec id="FPar3"><title>Authors’ contributions</title><p>All authors participated in the design of the research and in data collection. AG and TG carried out the statistical analyses. TG and JV coordinated the study and wrote the first draft of the manuscript, to which the other authors then contributed. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.</p></sec><sec id="FPar4"><title>Competing interests</title><p>The authors declare that they have no competing interests.</p></sec><sec id="FPar5"><title>Consent for publication</title><p>The authors give their consent for publication of this manuscript.</p></sec><sec id="FPar6"><title>Ethics approval and consent to participate</title><p>All the authors agree with the manuscript and consent to participate in it. 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