The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East
Identifieur interne : 000187 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000186; suivant : 000188The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East
Auteurs : Almut Nebel ; Dvora Filon ; Bernd Brinkmann [Allemagne] ; Partha P. Majumder ; Marina Faerman ; Ariella OppenheimSource :
- American Journal of Human Genetics [ 0002-9297 ] ; 2001.
Abstract
A sample of 526 Y chromosomes representing six Middle Eastern populations (Ashkenazi, Sephardic, and Kurdish Jews from Israel; Muslim Kurds; Muslim Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area; and Bedouin from the Negev) was analyzed for 13 binary polymorphisms and six microsatellite loci. The investigation of the genetic relationship among three Jewish communities revealed that Kurdish and Sephardic Jews were indistinguishable from one another, whereas both differed slightly, yet significantly, from Ashkenazi Jews. The differences among Ashkenazim may be a result of low-level gene flow from European populations and/or genetic drift during isolation. Admixture between Kurdish Jews and their former Muslim host population in Kurdistan appeared to be negligible. In comparison with data available from other relevant populations in the region, Jews were found to be more closely related to groups in the north of the Fertile Crescent (Kurds, Turks, and Armenians) than to their Arab neighbors. The two haplogroups Eu 9 and Eu 10 constitute a major part of the Y chromosome pool in the analyzed sample. Our data suggest that Eu 9 originated in the northern part, and Eu 10 in the southern part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic dating yielded estimates of the expansion of both haplogroups that cover the Neolithic period in the region. Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin differed from the other Middle Eastern populations studied here, mainly in specific high-frequency Eu 10 haplotypes not found in the non-Arab groups. These chromosomes might have been introduced through migrations from the Arabian Peninsula during the last two millennia. The present study contributes to the elucidation of the complex demographic history that shaped the present-day genetic landscape in the region.
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PubMed: 11573163
PubMed Central: 1274378
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Majumder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Anthropology and Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Calcutta</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faerman, Marina" sort="Faerman, Marina" uniqKey="Faerman M" first="Marina" last="Faerman">Marina Faerman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Laboratory of Biological Anthropology and Ancient DNA, Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem;</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Jerusalem</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oppenheim, Ariella" sort="Oppenheim, Ariella" uniqKey="Oppenheim A" first="Ariella" last="Oppenheim">Ariella Oppenheim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Department of Hematology, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School,</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">11573163</idno><idno type="pmc">1274378</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1274378</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:1274378</idno><date when="2001">2001</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000006</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000006</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000006</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000006</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000187</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000187</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East</title><author><name sortKey="Nebel, Almut" sort="Nebel, Almut" uniqKey="Nebel A" first="Almut" last="Nebel">Almut Nebel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Department of Hematology, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School,</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Filon, Dvora" sort="Filon, Dvora" uniqKey="Filon D" first="Dvora" last="Filon">Dvora Filon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Hadassah University Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brinkmann, Bernd" sort="Brinkmann, Bernd" uniqKey="Brinkmann B" first="Bernd" last="Brinkmann">Bernd Brinkmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Münster</region><settlement type="city">Münster</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Majumder, Partha P" sort="Majumder, Partha P" uniqKey="Majumder P" first="Partha P." last="Majumder">Partha P. Majumder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Anthropology and Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Calcutta</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faerman, Marina" sort="Faerman, Marina" uniqKey="Faerman M" first="Marina" last="Faerman">Marina Faerman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Laboratory of Biological Anthropology and Ancient DNA, Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem;</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Jerusalem</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oppenheim, Ariella" sort="Oppenheim, Ariella" uniqKey="Oppenheim A" first="Ariella" last="Oppenheim">Ariella Oppenheim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">Department of Hematology, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School,</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">American Journal of Human Genetics</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-9297</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-6605</idno><imprint><date when="2001">2001</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>A sample of 526 Y chromosomes representing six Middle Eastern populations (Ashkenazi, Sephardic, and Kurdish Jews from Israel; Muslim Kurds; Muslim Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area; and Bedouin from the Negev) was analyzed for 13 binary polymorphisms and six microsatellite loci. The investigation of the genetic relationship among three Jewish communities revealed that Kurdish and Sephardic Jews were indistinguishable from one another, whereas both differed slightly, yet significantly, from Ashkenazi Jews. The differences among Ashkenazim may be a result of low-level gene flow from European populations and/or genetic drift during isolation. Admixture between Kurdish Jews and their former Muslim host population in Kurdistan appeared to be negligible. In comparison with data available from other relevant populations in the region, Jews were found to be more closely related to groups in the north of the Fertile Crescent (Kurds, Turks, and Armenians) than to their Arab neighbors. The two haplogroups Eu 9 and Eu 10 constitute a major part of the Y chromosome pool in the analyzed sample. Our data suggest that Eu 9 originated in the northern part, and Eu 10 in the southern part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic dating yielded estimates of the expansion of both haplogroups that cover the Neolithic period in the region. Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin differed from the other Middle Eastern populations studied here, mainly in specific high-frequency Eu 10 haplotypes not found in the non-Arab groups. These chromosomes might have been introduced through migrations from the Arabian Peninsula during the last two millennia. The present study contributes to the elucidation of the complex demographic history that shaped the present-day genetic landscape in the region.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Am J Hum Genet</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AJHG</journal-id><journal-title>American Journal of Human Genetics</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0002-9297</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1537-6605</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The American Society of Human Genetics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">11573163</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1274378</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">013033</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East</article-title><alt-title>Y Chromosomes of Jews and Middle Easterners</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nebel</surname><given-names>Almut</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Filon</surname><given-names>Dvora</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brinkmann</surname><given-names>Bernd</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Majumder</surname><given-names>Partha P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Faerman</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oppenheim</surname><given-names>Ariella</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="N0x9904818.0x8bda7d0"><sup>1</sup>Department of Hematology, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School,<sup>2</sup>Hadassah University Hospital, and<sup>3</sup>Laboratory of Biological Anthropology and Ancient DNA, Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem;<sup>4</sup>Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany; and<sup>5</sup>Anthropology and Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta</aff><author-notes><corresp>Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr. Ariella Oppenheim, Department of Hematology, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. E-mail: <email>ariella@md.huji.ac.il</email>.</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2001</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>9</month><year>2001</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1095</fpage><lpage>1112</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day><month>6</month><year>2001</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>8</month><year>2001</year></date></history><copyright-statement>© 2001 by The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2001</copyright-year><self-uri>11573163</self-uri><abstract><p>A sample of 526 Y chromosomes representing six Middle Eastern populations (Ashkenazi, Sephardic, and Kurdish Jews from Israel; Muslim Kurds; Muslim Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area; and Bedouin from the Negev) was analyzed for 13 binary polymorphisms and six microsatellite loci. The investigation of the genetic relationship among three Jewish communities revealed that Kurdish and Sephardic Jews were indistinguishable from one another, whereas both differed slightly, yet significantly, from Ashkenazi Jews. The differences among Ashkenazim may be a result of low-level gene flow from European populations and/or genetic drift during isolation. Admixture between Kurdish Jews and their former Muslim host population in Kurdistan appeared to be negligible. In comparison with data available from other relevant populations in the region, Jews were found to be more closely related to groups in the north of the Fertile Crescent (Kurds, Turks, and Armenians) than to their Arab neighbors. The two haplogroups Eu 9 and Eu 10 constitute a major part of the Y chromosome pool in the analyzed sample. Our data suggest that Eu 9 originated in the northern part, and Eu 10 in the southern part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic dating yielded estimates of the expansion of both haplogroups that cover the Neolithic period in the region. Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin differed from the other Middle Eastern populations studied here, mainly in specific high-frequency Eu 10 haplotypes not found in the non-Arab groups. These chromosomes might have been introduced through migrations from the Arabian Peninsula during the last two millennia. The present study contributes to the elucidation of the complex demographic history that shaped the present-day genetic landscape in the region.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li></country><region><li>District de Münster</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li></region><settlement><li>Münster</li></settlement></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Faerman, Marina" sort="Faerman, Marina" uniqKey="Faerman M" first="Marina" last="Faerman">Marina Faerman</name><name sortKey="Filon, Dvora" sort="Filon, Dvora" uniqKey="Filon D" first="Dvora" last="Filon">Dvora Filon</name><name sortKey="Majumder, Partha P" sort="Majumder, Partha P" uniqKey="Majumder P" first="Partha P." last="Majumder">Partha P. Majumder</name><name sortKey="Nebel, Almut" sort="Nebel, Almut" uniqKey="Nebel A" first="Almut" last="Nebel">Almut Nebel</name><name sortKey="Oppenheim, Ariella" sort="Oppenheim, Ariella" uniqKey="Oppenheim A" first="Ariella" last="Oppenheim">Ariella Oppenheim</name></noCountry><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie"><name sortKey="Brinkmann, Bernd" sort="Brinkmann, Bernd" uniqKey="Brinkmann B" first="Bernd" last="Brinkmann">Bernd Brinkmann</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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