The cognitive basis of diglossia in Arabic: Evidence from a repetition priming study within and between languages
Identifieur interne : 000145 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000144; suivant : 000146The cognitive basis of diglossia in Arabic: Evidence from a repetition priming study within and between languages
Auteurs : Raphiq IbrahimSource :
- Psychology research and behavior management [ 1179-1578 ] ; 2009.
Abstract
This study examined diglossia and its cognitive basis in Arabic. Repetition priming effects were compared within spoken Arabic (SA), as well as with the effects found when the primes were in either literary Arabic (LA) or Hebrew. In experiment 1, using lexical decisions for auditory presented words, a significant priming effect was found at lag 0 when the primes were in LA and in Hebrew. Furthermore, large repetition priming effects were found at relatively long lags (lag 8–12) within SA. This effect was absent when the repetition involved translation equivalents using either Hebrew or LA. The results showing that lexical decisions for words in SA were not influenced by previous presentations of translation equivalents in LA, in addition to the findings from a former study on semantic priming effects, suggest that the status of LA is similar to that of Hebrew and is consistent with the typical organization of L2 in a separate lexicon. Thus, learning LA appears to be, in some respects, more like learning a second language than like learning the formal register of one’s native language.
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PubMed Central: 3218773
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The cognitive basis of diglossia in Arabic: Evidence from a repetition priming study within and between languages</title><author><name sortKey="Ibrahim, Raphiq" sort="Ibrahim, Raphiq" uniqKey="Ibrahim R" first="Raphiq" last="Ibrahim">Raphiq Ibrahim</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22110324</idno><idno type="pmc">3218773</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3218773</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3218773</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000220</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000220</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000219</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000219</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000145</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000145</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The cognitive basis of diglossia in Arabic: Evidence from a repetition priming study within and between languages</title><author><name sortKey="Ibrahim, Raphiq" sort="Ibrahim, Raphiq" uniqKey="Ibrahim R" first="Raphiq" last="Ibrahim">Raphiq Ibrahim</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Psychology research and behavior management</title><idno type="eISSN">1179-1578</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>This study examined diglossia and its cognitive basis in Arabic. Repetition priming effects were compared within spoken Arabic (SA), as well as with the effects found when the primes were in either literary Arabic (LA) or Hebrew. In experiment 1, using lexical decisions for auditory presented words, a significant priming effect was found at lag 0 when the primes were in LA and in Hebrew. Furthermore, large repetition priming effects were found at relatively long lags (lag 8–12) within SA. This effect was absent when the repetition involved translation equivalents using either Hebrew or LA. The results showing that lexical decisions for words in SA were not influenced by previous presentations of translation equivalents in LA, in addition to the findings from a former study on semantic priming effects, suggest that the status of LA is similar to that of Hebrew and is consistent with the typical organization of L2 in a separate lexicon. Thus, learning LA appears to be, in some respects, more like learning a second language than like learning the formal register of one’s native language.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kroll, Jf" uniqKey="Kroll J">JF Kroll</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Groot, Amb" uniqKey="De Groot A">AMB de Groot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grainger, J" uniqKey="Grainger J">J Grainger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frenck Mestre, C" uniqKey="Frenck Mestre C">C Frenck-Mestre</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maamouri, M" uniqKey="Maamouri M">M Maamouri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abu Rabia, S" uniqKey="Abu Rabia S">S Abu-Rabia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Saiegh Haddad, E" uniqKey="Saiegh Haddad E">E 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Psychol Res Behav Manag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Psychology research and behavior management</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1179-1578</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Dove Medical Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22110324</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3218773</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">prbm-2-093</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The cognitive basis of diglossia in Arabic: Evidence from a repetition priming study within and between languages</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ibrahim</surname><given-names>Raphiq</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-prbm-2-093"></xref></contrib><aff id="af1-prbm-2-093">Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, Department of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1-prbm-2-093">Correspondence: Raphiq Ibrahim, Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, Department of Learning Disabilites, Haifa University, Haifa 31905, Israel, Fax +972 04 824 0911, Email <email>raphiq@psy.haifa.ac.il</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>9</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2009 Ibrahim, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><license><license-p>This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>This study examined diglossia and its cognitive basis in Arabic. Repetition priming effects were compared within spoken Arabic (SA), as well as with the effects found when the primes were in either literary Arabic (LA) or Hebrew. In experiment 1, using lexical decisions for auditory presented words, a significant priming effect was found at lag 0 when the primes were in LA and in Hebrew. Furthermore, large repetition priming effects were found at relatively long lags (lag 8–12) within SA. This effect was absent when the repetition involved translation equivalents using either Hebrew or LA. The results showing that lexical decisions for words in SA were not influenced by previous presentations of translation equivalents in LA, in addition to the findings from a former study on semantic priming effects, suggest that the status of LA is similar to that of Hebrew and is consistent with the typical organization of L2 in a separate lexicon. Thus, learning LA appears to be, in some respects, more like learning a second language than like learning the formal register of one’s native language.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>spoken Arabic</kwd><kwd>literary Arabic</kwd><kwd>bilingualism</kwd><kwd>repetition priming</kwd><kwd>translation equivalents</kwd><kwd>lexical organization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><table-wrap id="t1-prbm-2-093" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Spoken Arabic (SA) targets and literary Arabic and Hebrew noncognate primes (with English transliterations) and their English translations</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Primes: Literary Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Targets: Spoken Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">English</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Primes: Literary Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Targets: Hebrew</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">English</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f1"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f2"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tomorrow</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f3"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f4"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pipe</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GADAN</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">BOKRA</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">INBOOB</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TSENOR</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f5"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f6"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Socks</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f7"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093f8"></graphic></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fan</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">JAWAREB</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">KALSAT</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MIRWAHA</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MIAVRER</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t2-prbm-2-093" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Reaction times in milliseconds (SEM*) and percentage of errors in lexical decisions for word targets in spoken Arabic (SA), primed by SA and noncognate translation equivalents in literary Arabic and Hebrew at lag 0</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Repeated condition</th><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1">Language of the prime</th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Spoken Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Literary Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hebrew</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Repeated target</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">890 (16) 4.8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">938 (16) 1.0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1010 (17) 2.9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unrepeated target</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1074 (24) 11.4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1022 (23) 6.7%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1093 (19) 7.6%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Priming effect</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>185 ms</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>84 ms</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>83 ms</bold></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn1-prbm-2-093"><p><bold>Abbreviation:</bold> SEM, standard error of the mean.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t3-prbm-2-093" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Reaction times in milliseconds (SEM) and percentage of errors in lexical decisions for targets in spoken Arabic (SA), primed by translation equivalents in SA, literary Arabic, and Hebrew at lags 8–12</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Repeated condition</th><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1">Language of the prime</th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Spoken Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Literary Arabic</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hebrew</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Repeated target</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">930 (8.9) 6.3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1040 (17.2) 11.0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1034 (14.3) 9.7%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unrepeated target</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1055 (14.7) 10.2%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1045 (14.6) 10.8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1050 (15.1) 11.9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Priming effect</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>125 ms</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5 ms</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>16 ms</bold></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn2-prbm-2-093"><p><bold>Abbreviation:</bold> SEM, standard error of the mean.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t4-prbm-2-093" position="float"><label>Appendix 1</label><caption><p>Spoken Arabic targets and their rated frequencies and Literary Arabic and Hebrew noncognate primes and their English translations</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="prbm-2-093t1"></graphic></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Ibrahim, Raphiq" sort="Ibrahim, Raphiq" uniqKey="Ibrahim R" first="Raphiq" last="Ibrahim">Raphiq Ibrahim</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= The cognitive basis of diglossia in Arabic: Evidence from a repetition priming study within and between languages
}}
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| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a TamazightV2
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