Updating Phylogeny of Mitochondrial DNA Macrohaplogroup M in India: Dispersal of Modern Human in South Asian Corridor
Identifieur interne : 000657 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000656; suivant : 000658Updating Phylogeny of Mitochondrial DNA Macrohaplogroup M in India: Dispersal of Modern Human in South Asian Corridor
Auteurs : Adimoolam Chandrasekar [Inde] ; Satish Kumar [Inde] ; Jwalapuram Sreenath [Inde] ; Bishwa Nath Sarkar [Inde] ; Bhaskar Pralhad Urade [Inde] ; Sujit Mallick [Inde] ; Syam Sundar Bandopadhyay [Inde] ; Pinuma Barua [Inde] ; Subihra Sankar Barik [Inde] ; Debasish Basu [Inde] ; Uttaravalli Kiran [Inde] ; Prodyot Gangopadhyay [Inde] ; Ramesh Sahani [Inde] ; Bhagavatula Venkata Ravi Prasad [Inde] ; Shampa Gangopadhyay [Inde] ; Gandikota Rama Lakshmi [Inde] ; Rajasekhara Reddy Ravuri [Inde] ; Koneru Padmaja [Inde] ; Pulamaghatta N. Venugopal [Inde] ; Madhu Bala Sharma [Inde] ; Vadlamudi Raghavendra Rao [Inde]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2009.
Abstract
To construct maternal phylogeny and prehistoric dispersals of modern human being in the Indian sub continent, a diverse subset of 641 complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes belonging to macrohaplogroup M was chosen from a total collection of 2,783 control-region sequences, sampled from 26 selected tribal populations of India. On the basis of complete mtDNA sequencing, we identified 12 new haplogroups - M53 to M64; redefined/ascertained and characterized haplogroups M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M8′C′Z, M9, M10, M11, M12-G, D, M18, M30, M33, M35, M37, M38, M39, M40, M41, M43, M45 and M49, which were previously described by control and/or coding-region polymorphisms. Our results indicate that the mtDNA lineages reported in the present study (except East Asian lineages M8′C′Z, M9, M10, M11, M12-G, D ) are restricted to Indian region.The deep rooted lineages of macrohaplogroup ‘M’ suggest in-situ origin of these haplogroups in India. Most of these deep rooting lineages are represented by multiple ethnic/linguist groups of India. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) shows substantial subdivisions among the tribes of India (F
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007447
PubMed: 19823670
PubMed Central: 2757894
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India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Northeast Regional Centre, Shillong</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shillong</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiran, Uttaravalli" sort="Kiran, Uttaravalli" uniqKey="Kiran U" first="Uttaravalli" last="Kiran">Uttaravalli Kiran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gangopadhyay, Prodyot" sort="Gangopadhyay, Prodyot" uniqKey="Gangopadhyay P" first="Prodyot" last="Gangopadhyay">Prodyot Gangopadhyay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of 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India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gangopadhyay, Shampa" sort="Gangopadhyay, Shampa" uniqKey="Gangopadhyay S" first="Shampa" last="Gangopadhyay">Shampa Gangopadhyay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakshmi, Gandikota Rama" sort="Lakshmi, Gandikota Rama" uniqKey="Lakshmi G" first="Gandikota Rama" last="Lakshmi">Gandikota Rama Lakshmi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff 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Venugopal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma, Madhu Bala" sort="Sharma, Madhu Bala" uniqKey="Sharma M" first="Madhu Bala" last="Sharma">Madhu Bala Sharma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, Vadlamudi Raghavendra" sort="Rao, Vadlamudi Raghavendra" uniqKey="Rao V" first="Vadlamudi Raghavendra" last="Rao">Vadlamudi Raghavendra Rao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kolkata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">19823670</idno><idno type="pmc">2757894</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2757894</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2757894</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0007447</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000216</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000216</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000215</idno><idno 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xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Satish" sort="Kumar, Satish" uniqKey="Kumar S" first="Satish" last="Kumar">Satish Kumar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sreenath, Jwalapuram" sort="Sreenath, Jwalapuram" uniqKey="Sreenath J" first="Jwalapuram" last="Sreenath">Jwalapuram Sreenath</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sarkar, Bishwa Nath" sort="Sarkar, Bishwa Nath" uniqKey="Sarkar B" first="Bishwa Nath" last="Sarkar">Bishwa Nath Sarkar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kolkata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Urade, Bhaskar Pralhad" sort="Urade, Bhaskar Pralhad" uniqKey="Urade B" first="Bhaskar Pralhad" last="Urade">Bhaskar Pralhad Urade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mallick, Sujit" sort="Mallick, Sujit" uniqKey="Mallick S" first="Sujit" last="Mallick">Sujit Mallick</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kolkata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bandopadhyay, Syam Sundar" sort="Bandopadhyay, Syam Sundar" uniqKey="Bandopadhyay S" first="Syam Sundar" last="Bandopadhyay">Syam Sundar Bandopadhyay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barua, Pinuma" sort="Barua, Pinuma" uniqKey="Barua P" first="Pinuma" last="Barua">Pinuma Barua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Northeast Regional Centre, Shillong, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Northeast Regional Centre, Shillong</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shillong</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barik, Subihra Sankar" sort="Barik, Subihra Sankar" uniqKey="Barik S" first="Subihra Sankar" last="Barik">Subihra Sankar Barik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre, Port Blair, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre, Port Blair</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Port Blair</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Basu, Debasish" sort="Basu, Debasish" uniqKey="Basu D" first="Debasish" last="Basu">Debasish Basu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Northeast Regional Centre, Shillong, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Northeast Regional Centre, Shillong</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shillong</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiran, Uttaravalli" sort="Kiran, Uttaravalli" uniqKey="Kiran U" first="Uttaravalli" last="Kiran">Uttaravalli Kiran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gangopadhyay, Prodyot" sort="Gangopadhyay, Prodyot" uniqKey="Gangopadhyay P" first="Prodyot" last="Gangopadhyay">Prodyot Gangopadhyay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sahani, Ramesh" sort="Sahani, Ramesh" uniqKey="Sahani R" first="Ramesh" last="Sahani">Ramesh Sahani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kolkata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prasad, Bhagavatula Venkata Ravi" sort="Prasad, Bhagavatula Venkata Ravi" uniqKey="Prasad B" first="Bhagavatula Venkata Ravi" last="Prasad">Bhagavatula Venkata Ravi Prasad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gangopadhyay, Shampa" sort="Gangopadhyay, Shampa" uniqKey="Gangopadhyay S" first="Shampa" last="Gangopadhyay">Shampa Gangopadhyay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakshmi, Gandikota Rama" sort="Lakshmi, Gandikota Rama" uniqKey="Lakshmi G" first="Gandikota Rama" last="Lakshmi">Gandikota Rama Lakshmi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ravuri, Rajasekhara Reddy" sort="Ravuri, Rajasekhara Reddy" uniqKey="Ravuri R" first="Rajasekhara Reddy" last="Ravuri">Rajasekhara Reddy Ravuri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Padmaja, Koneru" sort="Padmaja, Koneru" uniqKey="Padmaja K" first="Koneru" last="Padmaja">Koneru Padmaja</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Venugopal, Pulamaghatta N" sort="Venugopal, Pulamaghatta N" uniqKey="Venugopal P" first="Pulamaghatta N." last="Venugopal">Pulamaghatta N. Venugopal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Bogadi, Mysore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mysore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma, Madhu Bala" sort="Sharma, Madhu Bala" uniqKey="Sharma M" first="Madhu Bala" last="Sharma">Madhu Bala Sharma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Nagpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, Vadlamudi Raghavendra" sort="Rao, Vadlamudi Raghavendra" uniqKey="Rao V" first="Vadlamudi Raghavendra" last="Rao">Vadlamudi Raghavendra Rao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata, India</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Kolkata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kolkata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>To construct maternal phylogeny and prehistoric dispersals of modern human being in the Indian sub continent, a diverse subset of 641 complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes belonging to macrohaplogroup M was chosen from a total collection of 2,783 control-region sequences, sampled from 26 selected tribal populations of India. On the basis of complete mtDNA sequencing, we identified 12 new haplogroups - M53 to M64; redefined/ascertained and characterized haplogroups M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M8′C′Z, M9, M10, M11, M12-G, D, M18, M30, M33, M35, M37, M38, M39, M40, M41, M43, M45 and M49, which were previously described by control and/or coding-region polymorphisms. Our results indicate that the mtDNA lineages reported in the present study (except East Asian lineages M8′C′Z, M9, M10, M11, M12-G, D ) are restricted to Indian region.The deep rooted lineages of macrohaplogroup ‘M’ suggest in-situ origin of these haplogroups in India. Most of these deep rooting lineages are represented by multiple ethnic/linguist groups of India. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) shows substantial subdivisions among the tribes of India (F<sc>st</sc> = 0.16164). The current Indian mtDNA gene pool was shaped by the initial settlers and was galvanized by minor events of gene flow from the east and west to the restricted zones. Northeast Indian mtDNA pool harbors region specific lineages, other Indian lineages and East Asian lineages. We also suggest the establishment of an East Asian gene in North East India through admixture rather than replacement.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kong, Q P" uniqKey="Kong Q">Q-P Kong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bandelt, H J" uniqKey="Bandelt H">H-J Bandelt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, C" uniqKey="Sun C">C Sun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Y G" uniqKey="Yao Y">Y-G Yao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salas, A" uniqKey="Salas A">A Salas</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Herrnstadt, C" uniqKey="Herrnstadt C">C Herrnstadt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elson, Jl" uniqKey="Elson J">JL Elson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fahy, E" uniqKey="Fahy E">E Fahy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preston, G" uniqKey="Preston G">G Preston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turnbull, Dm" uniqKey="Turnbull D">DM 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