Plumb as a cause of kidney cancer (case study: Iran from 2008-2010)
Identifieur interne : 000045 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000044; suivant : 000046Plumb as a cause of kidney cancer (case study: Iran from 2008-2010)
Auteurs : Hamid Mazdak [Iran] ; Maasoumeh Rashidi [Iran] ; Moien Zohary [Iran]Source :
- Journal of Research in Medical Sciences : The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences [ 1735-1995 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to plumb (Pb), cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. Some hazards that threat human health are the results of environmental factors and the relevant pollutions. Some important categories of diseases including (cancers) have considerable differences in various places, as observed in their spatial prevalence and distribution maps. The present study sets out to investigate the correlation between kidney cancer and the concentration of Pb in Iran.
In this study, the first challenge was to collect some relevant information. In this connection, the authors managed to gain access to data concerning kidney cancer in Iran. The data were collected by a health centre for the period of 2008-2010. Besides, a map of Pb distribution in soil, drawn by the Mineral Exploration Organization, and Plumb Concentration Information, collected by Agriculture Jihad Organization, were used. Using a geographic information system (GIS) software such as ArcGIS (USA), the researchers drew the map of the spatial distribution of kidney cancer in the Iran country. In the indirect methods, one measures vegetation stress caused by heavy metal soil contamination. In direct methods, target detection algorithms are used to detect a selected material on the basis of its unique spectral signature. In this research, we applied target detection algorithms on moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) images to detect Pb. MODIS is a sensor placed on the Terra satellite that collects data in 35 spectral bands with 250-1,000 m special resolutions.
The spatial distribution of kidney cancer in Iran country delineated above revealed a positive correlation between the amount of lead and the high frequency of kidney cancer. Regression analyses also confirmed this relationship (
The findings of the current study underscore not only the importance of preventing exposure to Pb but also the importance of controlling Pb-producing industries.
Url:
DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.172787
PubMed: 26929763
PubMed Central: 4746872
Affiliations:
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Some hazards that threat human health are the results of environmental factors and the relevant pollutions. Some important categories of diseases including (cancers) have considerable differences in various places, as observed in their spatial prevalence and distribution maps. The present study sets out to investigate the correlation between kidney cancer and the concentration of Pb in Iran.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Materials and Methods:</title><p>In this study, the first challenge was to collect some relevant information. In this connection, the authors managed to gain access to data concerning kidney cancer in Iran. The data were collected by a health centre for the period of 2008-2010. Besides, a map of Pb distribution in soil, drawn by the Mineral Exploration Organization, and Plumb Concentration Information, collected by Agriculture Jihad Organization, were used. Using a geographic information system (GIS) software such as ArcGIS (USA), the researchers drew the map of the spatial distribution of kidney cancer in the Iran country. In the indirect methods, one measures vegetation stress caused by heavy metal soil contamination. In direct methods, target detection algorithms are used to detect a selected material on the basis of its unique spectral signature. In this research, we applied target detection algorithms on moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) images to detect Pb. MODIS is a sensor placed on the Terra satellite that collects data in 35 spectral bands with 250-1,000 m special resolutions.</p></sec><sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title><p>The spatial distribution of kidney cancer in Iran country delineated above revealed a positive correlation between the amount of lead and the high frequency of kidney cancer. Regression analyses also confirmed this relationship (<italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> = 0.77 and <italic>R</italic> = 0.87).</p></sec><sec id="st4"><title>Conclusion:</title><p>The findings of the current study underscore not only the importance of preventing exposure to Pb but also the importance of controlling Pb-producing industries.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Azizi, F" uniqKey="Azizi F">F Azizi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hatami, H" uniqKey="Hatami H">H Hatami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Janghorbani, M" uniqKey="Janghorbani M">M Janghorbani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Centeno, Ja" uniqKey="Centeno J">JA Centeno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Finkelman, Rb" uniqKey="Finkelman R">RB Finkelman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selinus, O" uniqKey="Selinus O">O 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uniqKey="Wu Y">Y Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, J" uniqKey="Chen J">J Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, X" uniqKey="Wu X">X Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tian, Q" uniqKey="Tian Q">Q Tian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ji, J" uniqKey="Ji J">J Ji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qin, Z" uniqKey="Qin Z">Z Qin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chang, Ci" uniqKey="Chang C">CI Chang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, Tl" uniqKey="Sun T">TL Sun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Althouse, Ml" uniqKey="Althouse M">ML Althouse</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peralta Videa, Jr" uniqKey="Peralta Videa J">JR Peralta-Videa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez, Ml" uniqKey="Lopez M">ML Lopez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Narayan, M" uniqKey="Narayan M">M Narayan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saupe, G" uniqKey="Saupe G">G Saupe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gardea Torresdey, J" uniqKey="Gardea Torresdey J">J Gardea-Torresdey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mulligan, C" uniqKey="Mulligan C">C Mulligan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yong, R" uniqKey="Yong R">R Yong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbs, B" uniqKey="Gibbs B">B Gibbs</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hoffbrand, V" uniqKey="Hoffbrand V">V Hoffbrand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moss, P" uniqKey="Moss P">P Moss</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boggess, Wr" uniqKey="Boggess W">WR Boggess</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wixson, Bg" uniqKey="Wixson B">BG Wixson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pattee, Oh" uniqKey="Pattee O">OH Pattee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pain, Dj" 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Res Med Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Res Med Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JRMS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Research in Medical Sciences : The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1735-1995</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1735-7136</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd</publisher-name><publisher-loc>India</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26929763</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4746872</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JRMS-20-974</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4103/1735-1995.172787</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Plumb as a cause of kidney cancer (case study: Iran from 2008-2010)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mazdak</surname><given-names>Hamid</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rashidi</surname><given-names>Maasoumeh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zohary</surname><given-names>Moien</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Department of Urology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>1</label>Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>2</label>Department of Remote Sensing, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Address for correspondence:</bold> Dr. Masoumeh Rashidi, Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: <email xlink:href="masoumeh.rashidi@ut.ac.ir">masoumeh.rashidi@ut.ac.ir</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>974</fpage><lpage>977</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>05</day><month>8</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>05</day><month>3</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © Journal of Research in Medical Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec id="st1"><title>Background:</title><p>The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to plumb (Pb), cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. Some hazards that threat human health are the results of environmental factors and the relevant pollutions. Some important categories of diseases including (cancers) have considerable differences in various places, as observed in their spatial prevalence and distribution maps. The present study sets out to investigate the correlation between kidney cancer and the concentration of Pb in Iran.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Materials and Methods:</title><p>In this study, the first challenge was to collect some relevant information. In this connection, the authors managed to gain access to data concerning kidney cancer in Iran. The data were collected by a health centre for the period of 2008-2010. Besides, a map of Pb distribution in soil, drawn by the Mineral Exploration Organization, and Plumb Concentration Information, collected by Agriculture Jihad Organization, were used. Using a geographic information system (GIS) software such as ArcGIS (USA), the researchers drew the map of the spatial distribution of kidney cancer in the Iran country. In the indirect methods, one measures vegetation stress caused by heavy metal soil contamination. In direct methods, target detection algorithms are used to detect a selected material on the basis of its unique spectral signature. In this research, we applied target detection algorithms on moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) images to detect Pb. MODIS is a sensor placed on the Terra satellite that collects data in 35 spectral bands with 250-1,000 m special resolutions.</p></sec><sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title><p>The spatial distribution of kidney cancer in Iran country delineated above revealed a positive correlation between the amount of lead and the high frequency of kidney cancer. Regression analyses also confirmed this relationship (<italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> = 0.77 and <italic>R</italic> = 0.87).</p></sec><sec id="st4"><title>Conclusion:</title><p>The findings of the current study underscore not only the importance of preventing exposure to Pb but also the importance of controlling Pb-producing industries.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Correlation</kwd><kwd>Iran</kwd><kwd>Isfahan</kwd><kwd>kidney cancer</kwd><kwd>plumb (Pb)</kwd><kwd>spatial distribution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Iran</li></country></list><tree><country name="Iran"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mazdak, Hamid" sort="Mazdak, Hamid" uniqKey="Mazdak H" first="Hamid" last="Mazdak">Hamid Mazdak</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Rashidi, Maasoumeh" sort="Rashidi, Maasoumeh" uniqKey="Rashidi M" first="Maasoumeh" last="Rashidi">Maasoumeh Rashidi</name><name sortKey="Zohary, Moien" sort="Zohary, Moien" uniqKey="Zohary M" first="Moien" last="Zohary">Moien Zohary</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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